The invention provides a phosphate fertilizer synergist, a preparation method of the phosphate fertilizer synergist, a phosphate fertilizer synergist powder and a phosphate fertilizer. The phosphate fertilizer synergist is prepared from wood vinegar, organic acid and / or organic acid salt and water, wherein the content of wood vinegar is 5-95%, preferably, 15-85%, more preferably, 25-75%, and the most preferably, 35-65%; the content of organic acid and / or organic acid salt is 0.5-50%, preferably, 5-45%, more preferably, 10-40%, and the most preferably, 10-30%; the content of water is 0-94.5%, preferably, 0-80%, more preferably, 0-65%, and the most preferably, 5-55%. The phosphate fertilizer synergist can be applied to soil directly and can also be applied after being mixed with the phosphate fertilizer, so that immobile phosphorous in the soil and the phosphate fertilizer is activated, and poorly-soluble inorganic phosphorus compounds are absorbed and utilized by crops. Besides, all components of the phosphate fertilizer synergist are selected from natural products, and thus the phosphate fertilizer synergist is friendly to the soil environment and can increase the utilization rate of the phosphate fertilizer.