2745 results about "Corn stover" patented technology

A continuous and modular process converts lignocellulosic materials for the production of ethanol principally and / or chemicals such as methanol, butanediol, propanediol, hydrocarbon fuel, etc. Renewable lignocellulosic biomass such as but not all inclusive hardwoods (gum, beech, oak, sweet gum, poplar, eucalyptus, etc.), soft woods (pines, firs, spruce, etc.), corn stovers, straws, grasses, recycled papers, waste products from pulp and paper mills, etc can be used as feedstock. The process is designed to be modular and the feed entry point can be selected to adapt to different biomass feedstock. Lignocellulosic biomass such as hardwood and softwood are subjected to chemical / pressure treatment stages using potent and selective chemicals such as sodium chlorite / acetic acid (anhydrous) and chlorine / chlorine dioxide to separate the main components—lignin, cellulose (glucose) and hemicelluloses (xylose, arabinose, galactose)—into three process streams. The separated carbohydrates are further subjected to washing, cleaning, neutralization, and / or mild hydrolysis and subsequently fermented to produce ethanol. Residual lignin and extractives remained with the cellulose are removed by chemical treatment steps to enhance the fermentations of cellulose. Pre-hydrolysate after neutralization to neutralize and remove toxic components such as acetic acid, furfural, phenolics, etc. containing (xylose, arabinose, galactose) and hexoses (glucose) can be either separately or together with the purified cellulosic fraction fermented to produce ethanol. Approximately 100 gallons of ethanol, suitable to be used as a fuel, can be produced from one dried ton of wood. Significant amount of lignin are separated as a by-product and can be converted to hydrocarbon fuel, surfactant, drilling aid, or can be incinerated for generation of power and steam.

The present invention provides an apparatus and a method for conversion of cellulosic material, such as chopped straw and corn stover, and household waste, to ethanol and other products. The cellulosic material is subjected to continuous hydrothermal pre-treatment without addition of chemicals, and a liquid and a fiber fraction are produced. The fiber fraction is subjected to enzymatic liquefaction and saccharification. The method of the present invention comprises:performing the hydrothermal pre-treatment by subjecting the cellulosic material to at least one soaking operation, and conveying the cellulosic material through at least one pressurized reactor, and subjecting the cellulosic material to at least one pressing operation, creating a fiber fraction and a liquid fraction;selecting the temperature and residence time for the hydrothermal pretreatment, so that the fibrous structure of the feedstock is maintained and at least 80% of the lignin is maintained in the fiber fraction.

Each row unit of a corn head can easily be converted between a first mode, wherein only ears are harvested, and a second mode, wherein ears together with stalks are harvested. In the first mode, a pair of snapping rolls is mounted for operation beneath each row unit frame for grasping corn stalks and pulling them downwardly through a narrow throat defined by a pair of laterally adjustable deck plates mounted to a top surface of the row unit frame. In the second mode, the snapping rolls are either removed or disabled and at least one stalk cutting disk is mounted on one of a pair of gathering chain drive idler shafts, mounted at the forward end of the row unit frame, for rotating above the frame. The snapping rolls are disabled by adjusting the deck plates toward each other to close the throat.

Corn stalk rollers, comprising a plurality of roller assemblies pivotally mounted to and spanning the corn head of a corn harvest combine; an apparatus to bias the plurality of roller assemblies into contact with the ground while the corn harvest combine is harvesting corn; and chevron-patterned protrusions on each of the plurality of roller assemblies for providing ground traction and for aiding in crushing harvested corn stalks to ground level corn-field-wide.

A pulping process comprises using a high concentration of anthraquinone (AQ). The pulping process is capable of providing a pulp having low Kappa number with unexpectedly high strength. The pulping process can use wood or non-wood fibers (e.g., bagasse and corn stover) to provide pulp having good papermaking quality. The method for pulping a fiber comprising cooking a first mixture comprising the fibers, water, an alkali, and a delignification selectivity enhancing chemical for a cooking time and at a cooking condition sufficient to form a first pulp having a desired Kappa number of about 15 or less, and strength parameters that are sufficient for papermaking, where the starting material prior to cooking has a Kappa number of 60 or greater.

Paper, cotton, corn stover, straw, and wood are converted into furanic products in high yields (based on their cellulose content) using a simple, inexpensive process involving concurrent hydrolysis, dehydration, and substitution reactions coupled with continuous extraction into an organic phase. In a simultaneous process, the hemicellulose fraction of these substrates is converted into furfural, and together these constitute an efficient means for the total exploitation of the carbohydrate content of biomass.

The invention discloses a biomass carbon catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The precursor of the catalyst comprises biomass and metal salts, wherein the biomass includes one or more of maize straw, corncob, rice straw, cotton straw, peanut straw, peanut shell, wheat hull, rice hull, wood, sawdust, bamboo wood and weed. Through controlling addition of metal salts in different amounts, adjusting impregnation concentration of the precursor and reaction ambient and carbonization and nitriding treatment temperatures, the biomass carbon catalyst with controllable and adjustable pore structure and specific surface area can be prepared. When used as a fuel battery cathode catalyst, the biomass carbon catalyst shows excellent oxygen reduction reaction activity and stability. The preparation process is simple in flow, short in period and free of environment, provides a novel high-value-added resource recycling way for waste biomass and has dual effects of biomass disposal and energy and power generation.

The invention relates to the production method of biotic straw feedstuff, wherein the bacterial employed includes fungus, saccharomycete, bacillus and lactic acid bacteria, the stalk comes from rice straw and corn stems, the auxiliary materials include bran and urea, the stalk fermentation procedure comprises aerobic solid fermentation. The process requires no acid, alkali or ammonification preparatory treatment.

The invention relates to the technical field of biomass fuel, in particular to biomass particle fuel and a preparation method thereof. The biomass particle fuel and the preparation method are characterized in that cow dung, biogas residues, sawdust, yellow mud and corn straw are pre-fermented to change the structure layer of the biomass raw materials and form a compact structure, high-content organic matter is formed, and organic matter components are increased; drainage oil is poured into the organic matter, high-speed stirring is used to allow microscopic biochemical reaction between the drainage oil and the fermented materials, and organic matter mass and quality are increased; the stirred mixture is fermented to further convert the organic matter so as to increase the combustible substances in the organic matter and improve the quality of the organic matter; combustion improver is added and extrusion forming is performed to allow the prepared biomass particle fuel to be good in quality.

A method and apparatus for baling a crop with stiff stalks such as corn stalks has a frame with a front and a rear. At least one ground engaging wheel operatively attached to the frame for facilitating movement of the frame in a forward direction. An accumulator is operatively attached to the frame for holding the crop in various amounts. A pickup is operatively attached to the front of the frame for picking up the crop from a field and transferring the crop into the accumulator. A baler is operatively attached to the frame behind the accumulator for transforming a crop into a bale. A transfer mechanism such as a conveyor is provided in the accumulator for moving the crop in the accumulator to the inlet of the baler. In another embodiment, a pickup of a first predetermined width is provided for picking up the crop from a field and transferring the crop into the accumulator. The baler has an inlet and a baling chamber of a second predetermined width that is significantly larger than the first predetermined width of the pickup so that a larger bale can be made. The transfer mechanism can be in segments which are independently operable.

The invention relates to a rice seedling raising medium and a rice seedling production method and belongs to a rice seedling raising medium and a rice seedling production method. The medium is prepared by a formula comprising 60 to 80 percent of 40 to 60 mesh crushed coin straw, 15 to 25 percent of industrial paper pulp processing waste slag liquid and 5 to 15 percent of 40 to 60 mesh industrial fluidized bed furnace ground slag and by a method comprising material preparation, raw material crushing and fermentation, wherein the fermentation is to add 0.5 kilogram of mixed solution of saccharomycetes and lactic acid bacteria in a ratio of 0.35:0.65 into each 1,000 kilograms of the crushed corn straw, mix the solution, dry the mixture and stir the mixture. In the invention, the problem of damaging vegetation during soil digging for raising seedlings and the problem of difficult soil digging are solved, the production processes of soil digging, soil sieving, acid regulation, fertilizer mixing, medicament mixing and the like are avoided, and the labor intensity of rice farmers is relieved. In the invention, a new approach is provided for utilizing straw resource, realizing energy conservation, emission reduction and agricultural circular economy.