2044 results about "Culture fungus" patented technology

The present invention discloses a natural fruit and vegetable ferment beverage, and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method for the ferment beverage comprises: adding freshly-squeezed fruit and vegetable juice to marine fish skin collagen peptide; adopting the resulting mixture as a fermentation substrate; carrying out dilution, slurry mixing and sterilization, and then adopting a direct vat and freeze-dried type lactic acid starter to carry out fermentation; stopping the fermentation after 7-11 days until the pH value is 4.3; adding a supplementary feed and carrying out sterilization; then adding high-activity dried yeast to carry out fermentation; stopping the fermentation after 5-7 days until the pH value is 4.0; after storing the fermentation broth at the low temperature, carrying out homogenization, concentration, centrifugation, blending, sterilization and bulking to finally prepare the novel natural fruit and vegetable ferment beverage. According to the ferment beverage of the present invention, the stepwise fermentation is adopted for the freshly-squeezed fruit and vegetable juice by using the lactic acid bacteria and the yeast; the marine fish skin collagen peptide is added to promote the growth and the metabolism of fermentation bacteria, such that metabolic products of nutritional ingredients in the natural fruits and vegetables are rich so as to provide a beneficial nutrition and health effect.

A biologic deodoring and cleaning agent for treating the refuse to prepare fertilizer and cleaning and activating water area contains high-safety yeast, lactobacillus, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, functional bacillus, and photosynthetic bacteria.

The invention relates to a nutrition pot for grow seedling, wherein the constituents of the pot materials comprise the following ingredients (by weight ratio): peat coal 35-40, xylon nutrient 20-25, animal manure 15-20, Attapulgite 20-25, aggregate bacterium species 0.2-0.3. The pot material is produced through steps of mixing raw materials, stirring homogeneously, carrying out fermentation for 15-25 days at 50-70 Deg C, and press forming in pot-making machines.

The invention provides an industrial cultivation method of selenium-enriched agaricus bisporus, The cultivation materials comprises the materials based on the following part by weight: 100-300 parts of straw, 100-300 parts of cow dung, 0.5-1 part of urea, 0.5-1 part of ammonium bicarbonate, 0.5-1 part of superphosphate, 1-2 parts of lime, 1-2 parts of cake fertilizer, 0.1-0.3 parts of sodium selenite, etc. The invention also provides a series of industrial cultivation methods such as the preparation of mushroom seeds, the preparation of paved soil, the cultivation of the selenium-enriched agaricus bisporus, etc. The cultivation method has low cost, simple and convenient operation and easy realization, and can cultivate the agaricus bisporus with high yield and abundant nutrition, wherein the content of organic selenium generally can reach more than 0.5-1%. The selenium-enriched agaricus bisporus is dried in a drying oven till that moisture content is less than 5%, is crashed and screened to obtain the organic selenium powder; and the organic selenium powder is taken as raw materials to be matched with spirulina, lucid ganoderma, and the like, to prepare various selenium-enriched nutritious foods such as granules, troche, oral liquid, and the like, thereby having wide application range.

The invention discloses an agaric culture medium which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 55-65% of sawdust, 25-35% of an auxiliary material, 5-8% of momordica grosvenori dregs, 0.8-1.1% of gypsum and 1-2% of sugar. By adding the momordica grosvenori dregs which are treated as a waste material into the culture medium, not only is the nutritional value of the culture medium improved, but also the resources are recycled, so that the resource waste is avoided. The agaric culture medium added with the momordica grosvenori dregs has the antibacterial function and can be used for reducing infectious microbe pollution of the culture medium and improving the survival rate of the culture. Compared with the prior art, the agaric culture medium has the advantages that the yield of agaric is increased by 12% and the cost is saved by over 10%.

The invention relates to a method for preparing health-benefiting fermented soybean meal enriched in small peptides, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), reducing sugar, lactobacillus plantarum and antimicrobial peptide. By utilizing strains of aspergillus oryzae, saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus plantarum, the small peptides, free amino acids, reducing sugar, GABA and high viable count content in the lactobacillus plantarum in the health-benefiting fermented soybean meal are obtained through the two-stage solid state fermentation method, the small peptides account for 8.01-18 percent, the free amino acids has the content of 80-300mg / g, the reducing sugar reaches 20-80mg / g, the GABA reaches 0.317-0.5mg / g, the viable count content in the lactobacillus plantarum is 2-6.5*1010cfu / g, the antibacterial titer of antimicrobial peptides is 2.0*103-7.0*104 IU / g, and the yield of the health-benefiting fermented soybean meal is 82.03-90 percent. According to the process, the nutrient effect of the soybean meal can be improved, the prepared fermented soybean meal has the antibacterial effect, partial antibiotics can be replaced, the fermented soybean meal is conveniently preserved and saved, the process is simple and feasible, and the fermented soybean meal is green and environment-friendly and has application significance and wide prospect in the feed industry and breeding industry.

The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a fermentation bed for livestock cultivation and a method for breeding pigs on the fermentation bed. The livestock cultivation fermentation bed is characterized by being manufactured by paving a loess layer on a foundation layer of an organic gasket and sprinkling sodium chloride, brown sugar and strains consisting of compound microbial inoculants where effective microorganisms and indigenous microorganisms coexist, rice bran and wheat bran on the loess layer. Green feed serves as main feed for the pigs on the fermentation bed, and energy feed and supplementary feed consisting of Chinese medicaments having the functions of benefiting gastrointestinal health, facilitating digestion and expelling toxin to improve the immunity of the pigs also can be fed to the pigs. Compared with the prior art, the livestock cultivation fermentation bed has the advantages that the pigs bred on the bed have strong immunity, need no vaccines and antibiotic and can be fed with the green feed for bulls and sheep; and the meat of the bred pigs has the same pleasant taste as wild pigs.

The invention discloses a raw material composition of a fermented dairy product, which comprises a milk raw material and a zymocyte strain; the milk raw material comprises the following compositions: animal milk, fruit and vegetable juice and a thickening agent; and the zymocyte strain is at least lactobacillus plantarum. The invention also discloses a method for preparing the fermented dairy product by the raw material composition of the fermented dairy product and the prepared fermented dairy product. The invention overcomes the defects in the prior art that lactobacillus plantarum grows slowly or can not grow in animal milk and can not be fermented to prepare dairy products; and the fermented dairy product provided by the invention contains lactobacillus plantarum and metabolites thereof, so the product facilitates the balance of intestinal microecology, is helpful to enhance body immunity, and has good flavor and mouthfeel. The invention further widens the application range of lactobacillus plantarum.

The invention relates to protein feed produced by multi-fungus fermentation with steam explosion rapeseed meal and cotton meal and a method. Rapeseed meal and cotton meal are used as main materials, meat and bone meal, straw and pomace are used as auxiliary materials, and a group of oxic liquid strain and anaerobic liquid strain are inoculated, so the protein feed is obtained. The preparation method is as follows: raw materials are delivered to a steam explosion system to be exploded, and then are released to normal pressure quickly after steam explosion; the materials after steam explosion are delivered to chelation reaction granary and cooled to 30 DEG C, and then are sterilized by microwave. The sterilized materials are delivered to a fermentation granary and the group of the oxic liquid strain is inoculated at the same time, the inoculum concentration is 5 percent, the intermittent ventilation and oxygen supplying are performed, the oxic fermentation time is between 36 and 48 hours; after the oxic fermentation, an anaerobic strain is inoculated, the inoculum concentration is 5 percent, and the sealed anaerobic culture is performed; and when the peptides content reaches 3 percent, the fermentation ends. The protein feed produced by multi-fungus fermentation with steam explosion rapeseed meal and cotton meal and the method have the advantages that toxin of miscellaneous mealis degraded completely after the steam explosion and microorganism fermentation treatment; the protein feed has flavor taste, and contains active substances, such as large amount of B vitamins, a plurality of vezyme and peptides, and so on; in addition, the protein feed has the functions of promoting growth development, resisting diseases.

The invention discloses a culturing method for sporocarp of Morchella. The culturing method comprises the following steps: fungal strain preparation, fungal strain culturing, soil treatment, sowing, covering and temperature preservation, management in the growth period of mycelia, fruiting acceleration treatment, management in a fruiting period, and harvesting. According to the invention, operation steps like drawing of fungal strains from a fungal strain bottle or a fungal strain bag, fungal strain hydration, and placement of a large amount of nutrition material bags on the surface of soil in a traditional technology are removed, so the field-cultivation or indoor-cultivation technique for the Morchella is more simple and convenient; the cost of the nutrition material bags is reduced by three fourth or more; the generation cost of cultivation of the Morchella is greatly reduced; the technical difficulty of the cultivation of the Morchella is greatly decreased; and economic benefits are greatly improved.

The invention provides a method for producing cordyceps militaris fermentation rice (cordyceps rice for short) by utilizing solid state fermentation of rice, and the method is characterized in that the rice is taken as a main fermentation substrate; and the cordyceps mycelia grows in the rice through a solid state fermentation manner so as to obtain the rice rich in the cordyceps mycelia. The method comprises the following steps: 1. preparing a cordyceps militaris liquid strain; 2. preparing a rice solid state fermentation culture medium; and 3. inoculating and fermenting. In the method, the medical effect of the cordyceps militaris is organically combined with the nutrition of the rice, thus the product contains various nutritive components and mineral elements, especially cordycepin andcordycepic acid, wherein, the content of the cordycepin is more than or equal to 600mg / 100g, and the content of the cordycepic acid is more than or equal to 3g / 100g, thereby improving the immunity ofthe organism, inhibiting tumours, preventing ageing, and satisfying the requirements of healthy eating of people.

The invention relates to the technical field of organisms, and particularly relates to a forest cultivation method of morchella crassipes. The forest cultivation method is a cultivation method for producing the morchella crassipes by a free forest land. The cultivation method comprises the following steps of: selecting a forest land suitable for growth of the morchella crassipes as the forest land to be cultivated; preparing the forest land to be cultivated before sowing; spreading solid cultivated species of the morchella crassipes on the prepared forest land to be cultivated; and carrying out forest land management until harvesting the morchella crassipes after sowing. A method for cultivating the morchella crassipes under the forest, expanding the cultivation range of the morchella crassipes, and improving the yield and the quality of the morchella crassipes is provided by the invention; the problem of low yield of the natural morchella crassipes is solved fundamentally; a foundation is provided for large-scale production of the morchella crassipes; and the forest cultivation method has significant economic and ecological benefits and wide application prospect.

The invention relates to a selenium-rich cordyceps culturing method belonging to the technical field of cordyceps culturing methods. The selenium-rich cordyceps culturing method comprises the following process steps of: (1) activating strains in a PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) solid culture medium; and (2) culturing liquid strains. The selenium-rich cordyceps culturing method is characterized by also comprising the following step of: (3) carrying out sporocarp selenium-rich culture, wherein a sporocarp selenium-rich culture medium is formed by rice, selenate and a glutelin hydrolyzing solution, and the selenate is one of sodium selenate, potassium selenate and ammonium selenate; then inoculating the liquid strains cultured by a fermentation liquid medium into the sporocarp selenium-rich culture medium with the formula, and culturing for 40-50 days according to fermentation management requirements. The cultured cordyceps can greatly increase the content of selenium contained in cordyceps sporocarps to 3.83-81.95Mug / g; the cordyceps sporocarps have high growth vigour, higher output and bright colors, therefore the nutritive and medical value of the cordyceps is enhanced; and besides, the invention has implementing conditions which are easy to achieve, thereby being popularized in a whole industry.

The invention discloses preparation process for fermented chilli sauce. The preparation process includes the following steps: placing fresh chilli and ginger into a jar, mixing cultures of lactobacillus planetarium and fermentation lactobacillus, and conducting three times of culture cultivation to obtain fermentation broth; adding the fermentation broth and fermenting; taking the chilli and ginger out of the jar and pulping; stirring and seasoning; packaging the fermented chilli sauce with tins or toothpaste-tube-shaped jars for replacing the jars and vacuum-sealing; and sterilizing through heat to obtain finished products. The chilli sauce is produced through pure-culture fermentation, calcium lactate and calcium chloride are used as a hardener, and color protecting processing is conducted by using 0.1% erythorbic acid combined with 0.1% laurel kojic acid. Simultaneously, the chilli sauce is packaged by using the tins and toothpaste-tube-shaped cans and has the advantages of being short in fermenting time, low in nitrite content, stable in product quality and good in product appearance quality.

The invention discloses a method for improving the flavor and the texture of plant enzyme food by utilizing fermentation of compound strains. The method is characterized in that strains with good permeability resistance, aroma strains, plant-source preponderant strains and strains for optimizing the texture of a product are screened by sugaring digestion, fermentation of the compound strains, after-ripening, clarifying and membrane filtration treatment, reasonable and scientific combination is carried out on the strains, the preparation time of the plant enzyme food is effectively shortened by controlling the matching and the used amount of the strains, the prepared plant enzyme food is coordinated in flavor, stable in texture, safe and sanitary, and uniform in color, has strong composite fruit flavor and fermenting mellow flavor, is viscous in organization and mellow in taste, has no stimulation in eating, is coordinated in sweetness and sourness, smooth in swallowing, and sweet and lasting in residual taste. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the process is simple, the fermented product can be stored at normal temperature, and the quality is still stable after 6 months, so that the method is suitable for large-scale production, and has a good market prospect.

The invention discloses a method for artificially culturing paecilomyces cicadae and application of a culturing product thereof. The method for artificially culturing paecilomyces cicadae in large scales comprises the steps of: preparing strains, dosing and packing into a box, sterilizing, inoculating, solid-fermenting, collecting and the like. The paecilomyces cicadae is cultured by utilizing grains, such as corn flour, bran, wheat, barley, rice, millet, broomcorn and the like and culture mediums of bagasse, cane sugar, shell powder, silkworm chrysalis meal and potassium nitrate. The raw materials are obtained from local resources, a large amount of production cost is saved, the culturing period is shortened, and cordyceps sobolifera obtained by culturing has the advantages of high quality and favorable stability and the like. A culture obtained by the invention can be used for preparing foods, health-care products, drugs and cosmetics with functions of fighting tumor, regulating immunity, reducing blood sugar, blood fat and blood pressure, improving eye sight, resisting radiation, dispelling heat and easing pains, calming and hypnotizing, nourishing and strengthening, improving kidney function and the like.

The invention discloses a method for cultivating pleurotus eryngii liquid strains. The method comprises the steps that firstly, liquid mother culture is prepared, then the liquid strains are cultured through fermentation cylinders, and finally, the obtained liquid strains through preparation can be injected into cultivation bottles or cultivation bags for cultivation through an injecting machine.

The invention discloses a method for producing fermented bean curd through multi-strain mixed fermentation. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) preparing raw fermented bean curd, namely preparing the raw fermented bean curd from soybean; (2) culturing bacteria at the early stage, namely inoculating mixed strains comprising mucor, Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus niger into the raw fermented bean curd to culture bacteria at the early stage to obtain the fermented bean curd blanks; (3) pickling by using salt, namely placing the fermented bean curd blanks obtained in the step (2) into a rubber box, scattering salt layer by layer, and pickling with the salt to prepare salty blanks; (4) fermenting at the later stage, namely placing the pickled fermented bean curd salty blanks into a bottle, inoculating flavor-increasing yeast into wine liquid of semifinished products, and fermenting at the later stage; and (5) obtaining the fermented bean curd. By the method, the flavor of the fermented bean curd products can be enriched and the fermenting period of the fermented bean curd is shortened.

The invention provides a method of full-artificial culturing Cordyceps sinensis, including sampling, strain separating, host insect collecting, breeding and feeding, infecting and continuing feeding, on artificial condition, largely culturing Hirsutella sinensis; feeding host insects in an scale room at low altitude, completing the infection of Hirsutella sinensis to the host insects and sexuality of Cordyceps sinensis. By artificial culture, the host grubs are big and good-quality, and the success rate of infection is high, the infection time is short, the quality is stable and controllable, and the pesticide effect test fully indicates that the pesticide effect of the produced Cordyceps sinensis is equivalent to that of the natural Cordyceps sinensis and it can overcomes the disadvantages of long growing time of natural Cordyceps sinensis and low natural infection ratio, and implements the industrialized production of Cordyceps sinensis.

This invention relates to a manual culture method of selenium rich Cordyceps militaris and the application of fruit body. Firstly, the harvest wild bacterium of the Cordyceps militaris is purified normally, and the liquid strain which is produced by the purified strain is inoculated into the sterile incubation medium the content of selenium in which is rich. It is processed natural infection under the suitable situation and cultured continuously until the fruit body of Cordyceps militaris grows out. Otherwise the purified strain is produced into the liquid strain which is inoculated into the sterile incubation medium with frozen Cordyceps militaris powders. It is cultured continuously until the fruit body and hypha are filled full on the medium, spraying the selenium nutrient liquid until the Cordyceps militaris fruit body grows out. This technology decreases the regression of the strain and the decline of pharmacologic activity, and the operation is simple, the strain is stable, and the fruit body not only has the effective nutrient of Cordyceps militaris, but also it can hold the activity of the organic selenium long, the edible way is conveniently, and it is absolute no poison and the pharmacologic efficiency is notable.

The invention discloses a method for preparing an efficient probiotic preparation from macrofungi bacterial liquid (mycoplasm). The method comprises the following steps: preparing a liquid or a solid culture medium from agricultural and sideline products and culturing fungi to obtain a bacterial liquid or a mycoplasm; carrying out physical and biological treatment on the bacterial liquid or the mycoplasm to enable polysaccharide polypeptide substances to be released from cells and adding a nitrogen source and a carbon source to prepare a probiotics culture medium; and then inoculating the probiotics and culturing to obtain the efficient probiotic preparation. The fungi comprise medicinal (edible) fungi of lentinu edodes, agrocybe cylindracea, morchella, pholiota nameko, hericium erinaceus, bolete, pleurotus nebrodensis, pleurotus citrinopileatus, lucid ganoderma, coriolus versicolor, cordyceps taishanensis, poria cocos, bamboo fungus, lactarius deliciosus and the like; and the probiotics is one or more selected from bacillus, saccharomycete, lactobacillus, enterococcus, bifidobacterium and the like. The probiotic preparation prepared by the method disclosed by the invention is rich in active substances, such as polysaccharides and polypeptides, has better health and treatment effects that those of a conventional probiotic preparation and can be used as therapeutic drugs and health foods or feed additives of human and animal gastrointestinal diseases.

The invention relates to a formula of a culture medium for high yield beech mushrooms and a production process. The invention relates to the technical field of biological fungus cultivation, in particular to the formula of the culture medium for high yield beech mushrooms and a production process. The production process comprises the following steps: removing lignin, semi lignin, cellulose and thelike in wood chips and corn cobs by using a microbial corrosion catalyst; releasing contents of the wood chip and the corn cobs through biological fermentation to provide sufficient nutrients for thegrowth and development of the beech mushrooms; and fully degrading and releasing nutritional compositions of raw materials which constitute the culture medium through microbial degradation, and providing with matched environmental factors such as light, temperature, humidity, air and the like which are suitable for the growth and development of the beech mushrooms so as to improve the yield and the quality of a single bottle.

The invention discloses a liquid submerged fermentation culture method for hericium erinaceus, and belongs to the field of culture methods for edible fungi. The culture method comprises the following steps of: activating hericium erinaceus strains on a slant culture medium, then performing primary strain culture on a liquid seed culture medium, performing secondary strain culture on a liquid fermentation culture medium, and finally performing amplified culture on the liquid fermentation culture medium to obtain hericium erinaceus mycelium. The invention also discloses hedgehog hydnum 1 in the hericium erinaceus strains, a seed culture medium and a fermentation culture medium for hericium erinaceus culture. The biological yield of the hericium erinaceus mycelium obtained by the culture method is high and can reach 12g / L which is over two times as much as the fermentation production level of the current factory; the hedgehog hydnum 1 in the hericium erinaceus strains has high growth speed which can reach 5.8 millimeters every day; and moreover, the liquid seed culture medium and the fermentation culture medium have good culture effect so that the hericium erinaceus mycelium has quick growth and high yield.

The Pu'er tea ageing and processing method includes vacuum heating, remoistening, inoculating aspergillus niger, penicillium, rhizopus and sacchromycetes, aerating fermentation at 40-65deg.c, sieving, pressing, drying and sterilizing to obtain Pu'er tea product. The process can produce high quality Pu'er tea product, and thus obtained Pu'er tea product has activity, smooth and sweet taste, mellow smell and other features.

A method for producing superior edible fungi culture medium by using manioc waste and acid-sludge as raw materials, belonging to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of the manioc waste and the acid-sludge, and edible fungi cultivation. In the invention, the manioc waste and the acid-sludge, two common leftover bits and pieces in fermentation and food industries, are scientifically compounded to serve as edible fungi culture medium, and the invention can be used for the production of all edible fungi culture media. The invention, on the basis of reducing culture medium raw material cost by over 50%, can shorten the culture period by 10-20% and increase the yield by 20-30%. The method resolves the problems of current low utility ratio of the manioc waste and the acid-sludge, serious environment pollution and the like, converts waste into treasure, and has high social and economic benefits.

The selenium-rich mushroom is cultivated in selenium-rich soil by using Brazil mushroom seed and selenium-rich organic fermented cultivation material including mulberry branch, plant straw and excrement of silkworm and farm animal. The produced selenium-rich mushroom contains rich selenium and 18 kinds of amino acids and the waste fermented cultivation material is high quality organic fertilizer favorable to increasing crop yield and maintaining excellent ecological environment.

The invention relates to a bio-organic fertilizer and a method for preparing the bio-organic fertilizer which prevents and treatments soil insects. The bio-organic fertilizer is added with active bacteria and other nutrition bacterial genus, wherein the active bacteria and other nutrition bacterial genuses can prevent and treat soil insects. The bio-organic fertilizer comprises biological agents and organic fertilizers, wherein the microbial agents comprise bacterial colonies of Japanese beetle bacilli, withered grass bacilli, enormous bacilli, jelly-formed bacilli, brown ball nitrogen-fixing bacteria and bacillus licheniformis. The Japanese beetle bacilli are the main type of bacterium which prevents and treats soil insects and other types of bacteria are mainly used for fixing nitrogen, decomposing phosphorus, decomposing potassium, and preventing and treating soil-borne diseases. The organic fertilizer comprises livestock and poultry manure and edible mushroom dregs. The livestock and poultry manure and the edible mushroom dregs are mixed, ferment and are thoroughly decomposed, the microbial agents are added and the bio-organic fertilizer is prepared. The bio-organic fertilizer and the method for preparing the bio-organic fertilizer which prevents and treatments soil insects can effectively kill larvas of soil insects. Bacterial colonies of microorganisms grow by fixing nitrogen, decomposing phosphorus and decomposing potassium, the structure of soil is improved, the organic content of soil is improved, the quality of crops is improved and the crop yield is improved.

The microbe fermented feed is produced through preparing fermenting agent with several kinds of microbial strains, mixing supplementary material, straw and activated fermenting agent, fermentation inside one container of fermenting pond. The fermenting agent has wide application range of fermentation conditions and various straw and vine, green or dry, of different crops may be used as the main material for producing the fermented feed. The fermented feed has good feeding effect, and is delicious and easy to digest and absorb.

The invention belongs to the field of beverage preparation, and particularly to a brown lactobacillus beverage and a preparation method of the brown lactobacillus beverage. The brown lactobacillus beverage is prepared from skim milk powder, white granulated sugar, glucose, high fructose corn syrup, a sweetening agent, a stabilizer, probiotics strains and pure water. The preparation method comprises steps of yeast milk burdening, hydration, homogenization, browning, sterilization, inoculation, fermentation, base materials burdening, base materials sterilizing, milk mixing, homogenization, sterile filling, and refrigeration. The product provided by the invention has sucrose content 30-100% lower than that of a general product, and zero fat content. The product can really relieve the metabolic burden of a human body and is healthy nutrient. In addition, the problem of poor product stability caused by low sugar is solved, and the content of activated probiotics during the fermentation of probiotics strains is greater than or equal to 3*10<8>cfu / mL, so the product has a high nutritive value.

The invention provides a cordyceps militaris fruiting body culturing method used yellow meal worm pupae as host. The fruiting body is cultured by using cordyceps militaris link to infect yellow meal worm. Its features are as follows: yellow meal worm is yellow brown or chocolate brown; fruiting body is bar type and orange yellow. The culturing method includes bacteria species preparing, yellow meal worm inoculating infecting, and out grass. The formed product has multi nutrient content and effect active constituent, and uses as foods. The culturing method is simple, effective, and reliable. And the cost is low.