The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D (Three Dimensional) printing and particularly relates to a method for preparing zirconium oxide ceramic by 3D printing based on photo-curing molding. The invention provides a composition which is prepared from the following raw materials: ceramic powder, a pre-mixed solution, a photoinitiator and a dispersant. The invention further provides a preparation method for preparing the zirconium oxide ceramic by utilizing the composition; and the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing slurry, molding, curing, drying, degreasing and sintering. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the molding efficiency is high, and ceramic particles are uniformly dispersed; a prepared blank body is not cracked or deformed, is dense and uniform and has good surface gloss finish, high precision and excellent blank body performances; and meanwhile, the method also has the advantage of high preparation efficiency. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the technical defects of a zirconium oxide ceramic molding method in the prior art that the dependence on a mold is too great and a complicated and precise structure cannot be prepared are overcome.