The invention relates to a novel application of niclosamide ethanolamine salt, and in particular to the application of the niclosamide ethanolamine salt in preparing medicines for preventing and treating diabetes type 1 and complications thereof; and the invention also conducts studies on the protective effect and the action mechanism of the niclosamide ethanolamine salt on the diabetes type 1 and the complications thereof. Results show that the niclosamide ethanolamine salt can improve symptoms of polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagia in a mouse with the diabetes type 1, reduce blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and urine glucose levels, increase a serum insulin level and improve pancreas pathological damage. In the aspect of protecting a kidney target organ, the niclosamide ethanolamine salt can reduce a urinary albumin excretion rate, lower a creatinine clearance rate, diminish the area of glomerular vascular loops, reduce NAG and NGAL discharge in urine and inhibit activation of Akt / mTOR / 4E-BP1 signaling pathways in kidney tissues. In addition, the niclosamide ethanolamine salt can also take an obvious protecting effect on liver and achieve a significant improving effect on muscle functions. Therefore, the niclosamide ethanolamine salt has a significant protective effect on the diabetes type 1 and the complications thereof.