The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of
nitrogen-containing compounds, and discloses a method for synthesizing 1,4-substituted 1,2,3-
triazole by alkynoic acid multi-components.The method comprises the following steps: adding 1.2 equivalents of a (pseudo)
halide, 1.5 equivalents of an
azide reagent, 1.0 equivalent of alkynoic acid, 0.1 equivalent of cuprous
iodide, 0.2 equivalent of
potassium carbonate or
potassium hydroxide and a
solvent polyethylene glycol 400 into a reaction
bottle, and carrying out stirring for a reaction; after the reaction is determined to be finished by
thin layer chromatography plate pointing, adding water, adding
ethyl acetate for extraction, combining the
ethyl acetate,
drying the
ethyl acetate layer by
anhydrous sodium sulfate, and carrying out concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product; and performing
column chromatography to obtain the corresponding 1,4-substituted 1,2,3-
triazole. According to the invention, the target product 1,4-substituted 1,2,3-
triazole is synthesized in one step; the
toxicity of a used catalyst is low,
reaction conditions are mild, operation is simple and convenient, the yield is high, cost is low, and the reaction process is green and
environmentally friendly; and thus the method is suitable for industrial production.