Controlled-specimen-sampling oral devices are described, implanted or inserted into an
oral cavity, built onto a prosthetic
tooth crown, a denture plate, braces, a
dental implant, or the like. The devices are replaced as needed. The controlled specimen sampling may be passive, based on a
dosage form, or electro-mechanically controlled, for a high-precision, intelligent, specimen sampling. Additionally, the controlled sampling may be any one of the following: sampling in accordance with a preprogrammed
regimen, sampling at a controlled rate, delayed sampling, pulsatile sampling, chronotherapeutic sampling, closed-loop sampling, responsive to a sensor's input, sampling
on demand from a personal
extracorporeal system, sampling
regimen specified by a personal
extracorporeal system, sampling
on demand from a monitoring center, via a personal
extracorporeal system, and sampling
regimen specified by a monitoring center, via a personal extracorporeal system.
Specimen collection in the
oral cavity may be assisted or induced by a transport mechanism, such as any one of, or a combination of
iontophoresis, electroosmosis,
electrophoresis,
electroporation, sonophoresis, and
ablation. The oral devices require replacement at relatively long intervals of weeks or months. The oral devices and methods for controlled specimen sampling apply to humans and animals.