The invention discloses a preparation method of an MOFs derived cobalt sulfide particle composite carbon material. The method comprises the following steps: 1, simultaneously adding 0.4-0.8 g of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate and 1.5-2g of 2-methylimidazole into 50mL of deionized water, and stirring till that the cobalt nitrate hexahydrate and the 2-methylimidazole are completely dissolved to obtain a solution A; 2, soaking pretreated 3 * 3cm hydrophilic carbon cloth in the solution A for standing, and then cleaning and drying to obtain carbon cloth A; 3, putting the carbon cloth A into a porcelain boat, introducing a gas in an inert gas atmosphere, and calcining to obtain carbon cloth B, wherein the temperature is 480-600 DEG C, heat preservation is performed for 0.5-2 h, and a heating rate is 2-5 DEG C / min; 4, dissolving a sulfur source in ethylene glycol, and adjusting the pH value to 10.5-11 to obtain a solution B with the sulfur source concentration of 0.25-0.42 mol / L; and 5, putting the carbon cloth B into the solution B, sealing, putting into a drying oven, reacting at 155-175 DEG C for 15-20 hours, and washing and drying after the reaction is finished. The cobalt sulfide particles in the prepared composite material are small in size, and the method has a high charge-discharge specific capacity and an excellent rate capability.