The invention discloses a base material motion type device and method for preparing a nano coating through plasma discharge, and belongs to the technical field of plasmas. The device comprises electrodes, a vacuum exhaust device, a gas pipeline and a base material fixing device; and the method comprises the following steps that the base material fixing device can do motions in the space formed by the electrodes under the driving of a moving mechanism, and monomer steam is introduced into a reaction chamber to carry out plasma chemical vapor deposition, wherein the deposition process comprises a pretreatment stage and a coating stage, the plasma discharge mode in the pretreatment stage is high-power continuous discharge and the plasma discharge mode in the coating stage is small-power continuous discharge. In the preparation process of the coating, the movement characteristic of the base material and the plasma discharge energy are combined and linked; the base material does motions while the plasma discharge occurs, so that the coating deposition efficiency is improved, and the uniformity and compactness of the thickness of the coating are improved; and the coating prepared by the method has the characteristics of being waterproof, moisture-proof, and anti-fungus, and has acid solvent resistance, alkaline solvent resistance, acid salt mist resistance, alkaline salt mist resistance and the like.