2434 results about "Carbonate ester" patented technology

The magnetic recording medium comprises a magnetic layer comprising a ferromagnetic powder and a binder on a nonmagnetic support. In the magnetic recording medium, a number of protrusions equal to or greater than 10 nm in height on the magnetic layer surface, as measured by an atomic force microscope, ranges from 50 to 500 / 1,600 μm2, the binder comprises a polyurethane resin with a weight average molecular weight ranging from 100,000 to 200,000, and the magnetic layer further comprises a carbonic ester having a molecular weight ranging from 360 to 460.

In one aspect, the present disclosure encompasses polymerization systems for the copolymerization of CO2 and epoxides comprising 1) a catalyst including a metal coordination compound having a permanent ligand set and at least one ligand that is a polymerization initiator, and 2) a chain transfer agent having two or more sites that can initiate polymerization. In a second aspect, the present disclosure encompasses methods for the synthesis of polycarbonate polyols using the inventive polymerization systems. In a third aspect, the present disclosure encompasses polycarbonate polyol compositions characterized in that the polymer chains have a high percentage of —OH end groups and a high percentage of carbonate linkages. The compositions are further characterized in that they contain polymer chains having an embedded polyfunctional moiety linked to a plurality of individual polycarbonate chains.

A non-aqueous electrolyte lithium secondary battery comprising a cathode, an anode and a non-aqueous electrolyte comprising an electrolyte dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent, wherein the cathode is composed of a material containing a lithium complex oxide, the anode is composed of a material containing graphite and the non-aqueous solvent contains, as main components, a cyclic carbonate and a linear carbonate and 0.1 to 4% by weight, based upon the total weight of the non-aqueous solvent, of a sultone derivative having the general formula (I): wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom and n is an integer of 0 to 2.

The invention relates to a method for synthesizing a cyclic carbonate ester by the catalysis of immobilized ionic liquid. The invention is characterized by utilizing a chemical method to prepare an immobilized ionic liquid catalyst. In the method, a mesoporous molecular sieve is used as a carrier; and the immobilized ionic liquid catalyst is prepared through different steps and catalyzes an epoxy compound to produce the cyclic carbonate ester. Compared with the prior immobilized catalyst, the immobilized catalyst is utilized to greatly improve a yield rate and selectivity in a short reaction time under a lower reaction temperature and a lower reaction pressure.

The invention discloses a preparing method of poly (carbonic ester-ether) polyalcohol. Rare-earth doped bi-metal cyanides based on Zn3[Co(CN)6]2 serve as catalysts, carboxylic acids serve as chain transfer agents, and carbon dioxide and epoxy compounds are performed with a copolymerization reaction to obtain the poly (carbonic ester-ether) polyalcohol. Compared with the prior art, the carboxylic acids serve as chain transfer agents, and due to the fact that the carboxylic acids are strong in coordination capability, faster in chain transfer, capable of restraining continuous inserting of epoxy monomers and free of ether structure, unit content of carbonic ester is improved, and the prepared poly (carbonic ester-ether) polyalcohol has higher carbonic ester unit content. Experimental results indicate that molecular weight of the prepared poly (carbonic ester-ether) polyalcohol is 1500g / mol-5000g / mol, molecular weight distribution is 1.11-1.50, unit content of the carbonic ester is 40%-80%, catalytic activity is larger than 1.0kg / gLn-DMC, and cyclic carbonic ester content is less than 10wt%.

The present invention provides (1) a thermopolymerizable composition containing a thermopolymerizable compound having (meth)acrylate having a moiety consisting of oxyalkylene, fluorocarbon, oxyfluorocarbon and / or carbonate group within the molecule, an electrolyte salt, an organic polymerization initiator having no benzene ring, and a polymerization retarder having vinyl group within the molecule, (2) a solid electrolyte obtained by heat-curing the composition, (3) a primary battery, a secondary battery and an electric double-layer capacitor each using the solid electrolyte, and processes for manufacturing the same.

The invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte for high-voltage lithium ion batteries, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 70-85% of carbonate, 3-20% of functional additive and 11-17% of lithium hexafluorophosphate. The carbonate is one or mixture of more of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methylethyl carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate and methyl butyl carbonate; and the functional additive is one or mixture of more of 0.5-10% of negative pole film-forming additive, 0.5-10% of high-temperature additive, 0.5-10% of positive pole film-forming additive, 0.5-10% of high-voltage additive and 0.001-2% of stability additive. The invention solves the problem of adaptation of the lithium ion battery electrolyte to the 4.35V high-voltage battery positive / negative pole, and provides an electrolyte for high-voltage batteries, which has the advantages of high cycle life, low inflation rate and favorable high-temperature properties.

The present invention relates to an aqueous polyurethane coating composition comprising:1) 1 to 99 wt. % of the reaction product of:a) a polyol component, which is soluble or dispersible in water and is the reaction product of a polyisocyanate component containing 50 to 100 wt. % of an aliphatic diisocyanate, a polyol component containing one or more polyether polyols and having an OH number of 25 to 350 mg KOH / g solids and an isocyanate-reactive component containing at least one group capable of salt formation; andb) polyisocyanate component, which is soluble or dispersible in water, has blocked isocyanate groups and is the reaction product of one or more polyisocyanates having an isocyanurate group content of 2 to 30 wt. %, a reversible, monofunctional blocking agent for isocyanate groups, a nonionic hydrophilic component and a stabilizing component which has 1 to 2 hydrazide groups and a molecular weight of 70 to 300; and2) 1 to 99 wt. % of an aqueous polyurethane dispersion prepared from at least one polycarbonate polyol,wherein the total wt. % of components 1) and 2) add up to 100%.

The invention provides methods for synthesizing oligonucleotides using nucleoside monomers having carbonate protected hydroxyl groups that are deprotected with α-effect nucleophiles. The α-effect nucleophile irreversibly cleave the carbonate protecting groups while simultaneously oxidizing the internucleotide phosphite triester linkage to a phosphodiester linkage. The procedure may be carried out in aqueous solution at neutral to mildly basic pH. The method eliminates the need for separate deprotection and oxidation steps, and, since the use of acid to remove protecting groups is unnecessary, acid-induced depurination is avoided. Fluorescent or other readily detectable carbonate protecting groups can be used, enabling monitoring of individual reaction steps during oligonucleotide synthesis. The invention is particularly useful in the highly parallel, microscale synthesis of oligonucleotides.

A composition containing a polycarbonate, a polycarbonate-polysiloxane copolymer, an impact modifier, and a polyetherimide, wherein the polycarbonate comprises greater than or equal to about 50% by weight of the combined weights of the polycarbonate, polycarbonate-polysiloxane copolymer, impact modifier and polyetherimide and wherein a 3.2 millimeter thick, 7.6 centimeter square sample of the composition produces a smoke density (Ds) of less than 275 after a 4-minute burn, measured according to ASTME 662-03. In one embodiment, a composition may contain about 60 to about 85 wt. % polycarbonate, about 8 to about 20 wt. % polycarbonate-polysiloxane copolymer, about 0.5 to about 20 wt. % impact modifier, and about 1 to about 10 wt. % polyetherimide.

Silicone polycarbonate block copolymers are disclosed that have a high elongation before yield, are clear, and have elastomeric properties. Generally, the silicone blocks are very short (less than about 50 organosiloxane repeat units) and the silicone blocks are substantially isolated from each other by bisphenol carbonate spacers.

The present invention relates to a method of preparing polycarbonate comprising the steps of: (i) introducing to an extruder through a feed port a plurality of reaction components comprising a polycarbonate oligomer, an activated carbonate residue, and a transesterification catalyst, wherein the extruder comprises the feed port, a first back vent port, and a polycarbonate exit port, wherein the feed port is located between the first back vent port and the polycarbonate exit port, and wherein the resistance to flow of the reaction components from the feed port to the first back vent port is less than or equal to the resistance to flow of the reaction components from the feed port to the polycarbonate exit port; and (ii) extruding the reaction components at one or more temperatures in a range between 100° C. and 400° C., wherein during the extrusion of the reaction components, activated carbonate residue is removed through the first back vent port, thereby preparing a polycarbonate.

A process for producing conductive polymers with excellent electrochemical strain per redox cycle is provided. A process for producing conductive polymers by an electrochemical polymerization method, wherein said conductive polymers have deformation property by electrochemical redox, said electrochemical polymerization method is a polymerization method using electrolyte including organic compounds as solvents, and wherein said organic compounds include (1) chemical bond species selected at least one from a group composed of the chemical bond consisting of ether bond, ester bond, carbon-halogen bond, and carbonate bond and / or (2) functional groups selected at least one from a group composed of functional groups consisting of hydroxyl group, nitro group, sulfone group, and nitryl group in a molecule, and said electrolyte includes anions which include trifluoromethanesulfonate ion and / or plural of fluorine atoms which bond to central atom is used.

There is provided a non-aqueous electrolytic solution comprising an electrolyte salt, a specific fluorine-containing solvent and a fluorine-containing cyclic carbonate represented by the formula (A1):wherein X1 to X4 are the same or different and each is —H, —F, —CF3, —CHF2, —CH2F, —CF2CF3, —CH2CF3 or —CH2OCH2CF2CF3; at least one of X1 to X4 is —F, —CF3, —CF2CF3, —CH2CF3 or —CH2OCH2CF2CF3, and the non-aqueous electrolytic solution has further excellent noncombustibility and is suitable for lithium secondary batteries.

Nonaqueous electrolytic liquids for lithium secondary batteries which have flame retardancy (self-extinguishing characteristics) or incombustibility (no flash point), have a high conductivity, and are electrochemically stable. One of the nonaqueous electrolytic liquids comprises a nonaqueous solvent comprising as an essential ingredient at least one phosphate (a) selected among chain phosphoric esters (a1) and cyclic phosphoric esters (a2). The nonaqueous solvent may further contain a cyclic carboxylic ester (b1) and a cyclic carbonic ester (b2). Another nonaqueous electrolytic liquid comprises the nonaqueous solvent and incorporated therein at least either a vinylene carbonate compound (c1) or a vinylethylene carbonate compound (c2) and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of cyclic amide compounds (d1), cyclic carbamate compounds (d2), and cyclic hetero-compounds (d3).

A process is provided for the start-up of an ethylene epoxidation process comprising: (a) contacting a catalyst bed comprising a high selectivity epoxidation catalyst with a feed comprising ethylene, oxygen and an organic chloride for a period of time until an increase of at least 1×10−5 mole-% of vinyl chloride (calculated as the moles of vinyl chloride relative to the total gas mixture), preferably 2×10−5 mole-% of vinyl chloride is detected in a reactor outlet gas or a recycle gas loop; and (b) subsequently adjusting the quantity of organic chloride in the feed to a value sufficient to produce ethylene oxide at a substantially optimum selectivity.

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion electrolytes, and in particular relates to a lithium-ion battery electrolyte with both high and low temperature performances. The electrolyte comprises lithium hexafluorophosphate, mixed organic solvents, filming additives, additives for improving the dielectric constant and the low temperature infiltration capability, and a lithium salt type additive, wherein the mixed organic solvents comprise a carbonic ester solvent and a linear carboxylic ester solvent; the linear carboxylic ester solvent in the mixed organic solvents is one or a mixture of more than two of ethyl propionate, propionic acid n-propyl ester, n-propyl acetate, acetic acid n-butyl ester and isobutyl acetate; and the additives for improving the dielectric constant and the low temperature infiltration capability are one or a mixture of more than two of fluoro ethylene carbonate, difluoro ethylene carbonate and 4-trifluoromethyl ethylene carbonate. A battery prepared from the lithium-ion battery electrolyte with both high and low temperature performances is long in service life, and both the good low temperature discharge performance of the battery is ensured, and the storage performance of the battery at the high temperature of 60 DEG C is effectively considered.

The present invention provides IMS analyzers and methods for detecting, identifying, and characterizing (e.g., measuring the concentration of) peroxides in samples. Methods and systems of the present invention utilize sample inlet conditions and dopant strategies providing an enhancement in selectivity and sensitivity for the detection of peroxide compounds relative to conventional IMS analyzers. Dopants of the present invention include, but are not limited to, substituted aryl compounds or substituted cyclic dienes; wherein the substituted aryl compound or the substituted cyclic diene has at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a carbonyl group, an aldehyde group, an ester group, a carboxylic acid group and a carbonate ester group. The present IMS analyzers and methods are versatile and enable selective detection of a broad class of peroxides and derivatives thereof, including hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxides, organic peroxides and derivatives thereof.

A non-aqueous electrolyte to be used in a Li-ion battery includes a lithium salt, a cyclic carbonate, a linear carbonate and an isocyanate-based additive, with the following general formulaR1—N═C═Owherein R1 represents linear or branched alkyl groups which have 1 to 7 carbon atoms, or aromatic groups having the following general formula wherein R2 and R3, which may be the same or different and located at any positions of carbons 2, 2′, 3, 3′ and 4 in the benzyl ring, represent hydrogen atoms or halogen atoms, isocyanate groups, either groups, ester groups or alkyl groups, having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and are optionally substituted with halogen atoms.

An electrochemical device includes a case, a nonaqueous electrolyte filled in the case and containing a room temperature molten salt in an amount of 1 to 50 vol %, a first electrode housed in the case, and a second electrode housed in the case and containing a substance having a lamellar crystal structure. The room temperature molten salt contains a cation represented by formula (1) or formula (2) given below. R1 includes a carbonic acid ester group. Each of R2 and R3 denotes a substituent having an acyclic structure and having 4 or less carbon atoms, or R2 and R3 are combined to denote a substituent having a cyclic structure and having 4 or 5 carbon atoms. R4 includes a carbonic acid ester group, R5 has an acyclic structure and has 4 or less carbon atoms, and R6 denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

This invention relates to a cycloaddition synthesis method for cyclic carbonates from carbon dioxide and epoxides. In this method, both supported catalysts and cocatalysts are adopted and the cycloaddition reaction is kept at a temperature of 50~200 deg.C and a carbon dioxide pressure of 0.1~10MPa for 0.5~10 hours. Qualitative and quantitative analysis with 6890 / 5973 chromatography-MS and NMR shows that the product purity is over 99% and the highest separation yield can be up to 95%. Compared to current methods, no organic solvents are adopted in this invention and therefore it is free from the toxicity of bezene, dichloromethane, and so on.

The invention discloses a method for preparing aliphatic polycarbonates by catalyzing by the metal cyanide coordination catalyst. In a high pressure reactor, the metal cyanide coordination catalyst is utilized to catalyze epoxide and carbon dioxide body or solution copolymerization, wherein, the copolymerization temperature is 20-150 DEG C; the carbon dioxide pressure is 0.5-10MPa; the reaction time is 1-48h; the catalyst concentration is 1-100kg epoxide / g catalyst; the polymerization activity is more than 1.0kg of polymer / g catalyst; the weight-average molecular weight of the copolymer is more than 80 thousand; the molecular weight distribution is 1.5-4; the alternation degree of the copolymer is more than 90%; the cyclic carbonate by-product is less than 5wt%; the CO2 fixed rate of CO2 / epoxypropane copolymer is more than 40wt%; and the CO2 fixed rate of CO2 / cyclohexene oxide copolymer is more than 30wt%.

The complex of the present invention containing an onium salt and a central Lewis acidic metal has a high catalytic activity at a high temperature for the copolymerization of an epoxide and carbon dioxide to produce a high molecular weight poly-carbonate.

The invention discloses a making method of annular carbonate through hydroxy ion liquid, which comprises the following steps: adopting epoxy compound and carbon dioxide as reactant; using catalyst from one of hydroxy ion liquid; making the quantity of catalyst between 1X10-3 and 1. 5X10-2mol corresponding to epoxy compound; setting the reacting pressure at 0. 1-10. 0Mpa under 323. 15-483. 15K for 0. 3-5h; obtaining the product under mild reacting condition. The invention saves cost due to using mono-component catalyst with high selectivity, which displays good water and thermal stability to be used reciprocally.

The invention discloses a POSS (polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane) contained polyacrylate-polysiloxane block copolymer and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method includes subjecting hydrogen-terminated polysiloxane and vinylcarbinol to reaction to obtain hydroxy-terminated polysiloxane; subjecting the hydroxy-terminated polysiloxane and carboxyl thiocarbonic acid ester to reaction to obtain polysiloxane macromolecular RAFT (reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization) reagent; polymerizing the polysiloxane macromolecular RAFT reagent, acrylate monomer and POSS monomer with initiator to prepare the POSS contained polyacrylate-polysiloxane block copolymer. The method has the advantages of simple operation and mild reaction conditions, reaction products have better surface performance and bonding performance with substrates, and further, the reaction products can be used in low-surface-energy lyophobic coating materials and used for preparing ice and snow preventive and antifouling coatings.

The invention discloses nonaqueous electrolyte for a high-voltage lithium ion battery. The nonaqueous electrolyte consists of a solvent, an inorganic lithium salt, a fluoro-ester additive, a sultone additive, an organic tri-nitrile additive, a bi(polyfluoroalkoxy sulfonyl) imine lithium salt and a lithium battery electrolyte additive, wherein the addition amount of the solvent is 100 weight parts; the addition amount of the fluoro-carbonate additive is 0.2-10 weight parts; the addition amount of the nitrile additive is 0.2-10 weight parts; the addition amount of the bi(polyfluoroalkoxy sulfonyl) imine lithium salt is 0.2-10 weight parts; the addition amount of the common lithium battery electrolyte additive is 0-10 weight parts; the solvent refers to cyclic carbonate and / or chain carbonate; and the molar concentration of the inorganic lithium salt in the solvent is 0.8-1.5mol / L. According to combined use of the sultone additive, the fluoro-ester carbonate additive, the bi(polyfluoroalkoxy sulfonyl) imine lithium salt and the organic tri-nitrile additive, the oxidation resistance of the SEI film during primary formation of the electrolyte can be improved, and the normal-temperature and high-temperature cycle performance of the high-voltage electrolyte is obviously improved.

A process for preparing cyclic carbonate features that catalytic cycloaddition reaction of CO2 on epoxy compound at 100-140 deg.C and 1.5-4.5 MPa for 4-8 hrs under the existance of the catalyst whichis composed of azacyclic compound (halogenated alkylpyridine or halogenated 1,3-dialkyl imidazole) and non-metal halide, and the cocatalyst which is alkali-metal halide or ammonium tetrebutyl bromide. Its advantages are high catalytic activity, smooth reaction condition, easy separation of resultant from catalyst, and cyclic use of catalyst.

Described is a polymerizable composition of a photochromic amount of at least one photochromic compound, at least one material having at least one carbonate group and at least one hydroxyl group, and at least one monoisocyanate containing material having at least one unsaturated group. The polymerizable composition optionally contains copolymerizable monomers. Also described are photochromic polymerizates, e.g., photochromic optical elements such as ophthalmic lenses, prepared from the polymerizable composition of the present invention.