The invention provides a thermal-insulation and fire-proof plate made of aerogel foamed concrete and provided with a decorative surface and a preparation method of the thermal-insulation and fire-proof plate. The thermal-insulation and fire-proof plate is prepared from the aerogel foamed concrete, a transition layer and a facing layer, wherein the aerogel foamed concrete is prepared from aerogel powder and foamed concrete, the aerogel powder comprises an inner hydrophobic layer and a surface hydrophilic layer, and the thickness of the surface hydrophilic layer is 0.1-100 mu m. The preparation method of the thermal-insulation and fire-proof plate main comprises steps as follows: aerogel powder modification, dry blending-wet blending, foaming, molding, curing, transition layer coating and facing layer preparation. The thermal-insulation and fire-proof plate made of the aerogel foamed concrete and provided with the decorative surface has excellent properties such as low density, low heat conductivity coefficient, low water absorption, sound insulation, integration of thermal insulation, decoration and fireproofing and the like, construction processes are reduced, construction cost is reduced, the problem that construction quality is difficult to control is solved, and the application prospect is broad.