The invention provides a spinning frame single spindle line breaking detection method based on an image analysis technology. The method comprises the steps of A, system initialization, wherein various working parameters are set and transmitted to a server, an image pickup device works, and one photograph is selected as the benchmark photograph; B, power-on work, wherein a traveling device conducts reciprocating motion, the image pickup device takes photographs at regular time intervals, and a transfer system transmits the digitized photographs taken by the image pickup device to the server; C, image processing, wherein an image receiving program in the server receives and records the photographs taken by the image pickup device, and transmits the photographs to an image processing program to conduct processing; D, line breaking judgment, wherein the current photograph is compared with the benchmark photograph, when differences between the two reach preset conditions, it is judged that line breaking failure exists, and the line breaking spindle position information is acquired by calculation; E, failure notification, wherein notification is conducted when the line breaking information is detected; meanwhile F, statistical analysis is conducted.