144results about How to "Reduce focus" patented technology

High speed, wide area microscopic scanning or laser positioning is accomplished with an inertia-less deflector (for example an acousto-optic or electro-optic deflector) combined with a high speed wide area microscopic scanning mechanism or laser positioner mechanism that has inertia, the motion of the inertia-less deflector specially controlled to enable a focused spot to stabilize, for example to stop and dwell or be quickly aimed. It leads to improved data acquisition from extremely small objects and higher speed operation. In the case of fluorescence reading of micro-array elements, dwelling of fluorophore-exciting radiation in a spot that is relatively large enables obtaining the most fluorescent photons per array element, per unit time, a winning criterion for reducing fluorophore saturation effects. The same inertia-less deflector performs stop and dwell scanning, edge detection and raster scans. Automated mechanism for changing laser spot size enables selection of spot size optimal for the action being performed.

An object of the present invention provides an inspection apparatus and an inspection method which use an electron beam image to accurately detect a defect that is difficult to detect in an optical image, the apparatus and method also enabling prevention of a possible decrease in focus accuracy of an inspection image which affect the defect detection. To accomplish the object, the present invention includes a height measurement section which measures height of the electron beam irradiation position on the substrate after the substrate is loaded onto a movable stage, a height correction processing section which corrects the measured height, and a control section which adjusts a focus of the electron beam according to the height corrected by the height correction processing section, wherein a stage position set when the height measurement section measures the height differs from a stage position set when the substrate is irradiated with the electron beam, and the height correction processing section corrects a possible deviation in height resulting from movement from the stage position for the height measurement to the stage position for the electron beam irradiation.

A solar concentrator includes a mirror 24 having a frame 27 connected with a lever 55, a train 36 supporting the frame 27 and the lever 55, a first control cable 28 connected with the frame 27, and a second control cable 30 connected with the lever 55. A first locomotive 35 moves the train along a curvilinear path to keep the mirror 24 opposite the sun. The first control cable 28 controls pitch of the mirror 24 and the second control cable 30 controls yaw of the mirror 24. When a concentrator includes a plurality of mirrors 24 they are preferably controlled collectively by pulling all of the first control cables 28 with one motor to control pitch and by pulling all of the second control cables 30 with one motor to control yaw. Sunlight focused on the receiver 20 preferably boils water to form steam that is transmitted to a turbine connected to a generator for producing electricity.

A lithographic projection apparatus including a radiation system for providing a projection beam of radiation; a support structure for supporting a patterning device, the patterning device serving to pattern the projection beam according to a desired pattern; a substrate holder having a plurality of protrusions, the extremities thereof defining a substantially flat plane of support for supporting a substantially flat substrate, the substrate holder provided with the ability to provide a pressing force for pressing the substrate against the extremities of the protrusions, the protrusions in an edge zone of the substrate holder arranged to provide a substantially flat overhanging of the substrate in relation to the pressing force of the pressing means; and a projection system for projecting the patterned beam onto a target portion of the substrate. The lithographic projection apparatus is characterized in that the protrusions in an off-edge zone of the substrate holder are distributed so as to provide a substantial equal supporting area for each protrusion of the plurality of protrusions, the supporting areas being defined by a Voronoi diagram distribution associated to the protrusions. The lithographic apparatus offers a substrate holder with a reduced overlay and focus error.

A mounting device (1) including a plurality of heads (3), each holding a chip (2), arranged on a circle, is used to realize accurate and high-speed mounting. A mounting device comprises a plurality of heads (3) with calibration marks, first recognition means (10) fixed in a chip mounting position (A), and second recognition means (16) fixed in another position. Prior to mounting operation, the first recognition mechanism and the second recognition mechanism recognize and store the positions of the calibration marks of the heads (3) In mounting operation, the first recognition means (10) recognizes the positions of a substrate (4) and the calibration marks of the heads (3), whereas the second recognition means (16) recognizes the positions of chips (2) attracted on the heads (3). The heads are moved vertically to adjust plane to be recognized. The chip (2) and the substrate (4) are aligned according to the position information obtained by the recognition mechanisms, and the chips are mounted.

The present invention has been made to adequately and quickly adjust the spherical aberration and focus bias in an optical pickup. In the present invention, evaluation values are measured on a plurality of respective measurement points each determined by a combination of a spherical aberration correction value and focus bias value and a two-variable function having the spherical aberration correction value and focus bias value as variables is approximated to the evaluation values. Based on the two-variable function obtained by the approximation, the optimal value of the spherical aberration correction value and focus bias value on which the evaluation value becomes optimal is calculated. As a result, it is possible to adequately and quickly adjust the spherical aberration and focus bias in an optical pickup.

Disclosed is a method of adjusting an image reading apparatus which reads image information of an original by moving relative to the original a carriage retaining a light source, a slit portion, a plurality of mirrors, an imaging device including an optical element with an optical surface rotationally asymmetrical with respect to the optical axis, and a reading device, the method including placing an adjustment chart allowing resolving power evaluation in the sub scanning direction on an original table glass, illuminating the adjustment chart by the light source, and adjusting, by using an image of the adjustment chart thus illuminated, the relative positional relationship in the sub scanning direction among the slit portion, the imaging device, and the reading device by a positioning adjustment device such that imaging of the light beam passing through a slit center of the slit portion is effected on the surface of the reading device. By performing information through adjustment using the adjustment chart, there are provided an adjusting method of image reading apparatus and an image reading apparatus which provide high quality image.

A unit magnification Wynn-Dyson lens for microlithography has an image field sized to accommodate between four and six die of dimensions 26 mm×36 mm. The lens has a positive lens group that consists of either three or four refractive lens elements, with one of the lens elements being most mirror-wise and having a prism-wise concave aspheric surface. Protective windows respectively reside between object and image planes and the corresponding prism faces. The lens is corrected for at least the i-line LED wavelength spectrum or similar LED-generated wavelengths.

According to the first aspect of the present technology, there is provided an action control device, including a transmittance specifying unit configured to specify a transmittance of a variable-transmittance neutral density (ND) filter having a transmittance that varies according to an applied voltage, and an applied voltage control unit configured to control a voltage to be applied to the variable-transmittance ND filter such that the transmittance specified by the transmittance specifying unit is obtained. The applied voltage control unit controls the voltage to be applied to the variable-transmittance ND filter such that the transmittance of the variable-transmittance ND filter specified by the transmittance specifying unit is maintained at a timing at which an imaging preparation instruction or an imaging instruction is given.

The invention relates to a batch production method of a fuel cell membrane electrode. The batch production method comprises the following steps of (1) preparing a positive electrode catalyst layer membrane electrode in a membrane electrode positive electrode preparation region; (2) transferring the prepared membrane electrode into a CCD detection region, putting on a transparent glass plate tidily, and performing membrane electrode catalyst layer surface appearance detection; (3) transferring the prepared qualified membrane electrode into a drying region, and performing dust-free drying on thecatalyst layer by a tunnel heating furnace; and (4) transferring the membrane electrode into a negative electrode preparation region, and repeatedly executing the steps of (1)-(3) to prepare the fuelcell membrane electrode CCM with relatively high consistency. Compared with the prior art, the batch production method is simple in process and efficient and reliable; screening is performed in the initial stage of membrane electrode assembly (MEA) manufacturing, so that the manufacturing process of the CCM is optimized, the percent of pass of the CCM product is improved, and batch production canbe performed favorably; and in addition, the produced products are higher in consistency, the production cost of the fuel cell is lowered effectively, and the batch production method is suitable fora high-current-discharge fuel cell vehicle-mounted electric pile.

An optical pickup to reduce a focus offset by alleviating the effect of at least a part of a region of a beam whose intensity is high due to residual aberration on a signal detected by a photodetector even when the aberration remains in a beam received by the photodetector due to a phase difference introduced by a correcting element to compensate for spherical aberration.

The present invention discloses a method for preparation of live Bacillus coagulans and the use of the bacteria in treatment of ulcerative colitis. The live bacteria are effective in the treatment of experimental ulcerative colitis in rats. They are also used in the clinical treatment of patients suffering from ulcerative colitis and the efficacy and safety are evaluated. The present invention also discloses the formulation and production method of the live bacterial preparation of Bacillus coagulans, the count of live bacterial in the preparation, and dosage form of the preparation. The present invention shows that the live bacterial preparation is effective and safe for treatment of ulcerative colitis, and the stability of said preparation is good and could be stored at room temperature. Patients can take the preparation for a long term without adverse effect. The present invention provides a new means for the treatment of ulcerative colitis and a new use of live bacterial preparation of Bacillus coagulans in treating ulcerative colitis.

An image capturing apparatus comprises: a sensor that photoelectrically converts incidence light and outputs an image signal; a focus control unit that performs focus control based on a contrast of the image signal corresponding to each of a plurality of focus control areas set within an image capturing area; a counting unit that detects and counts, from among the plurality of focus control areas, high luminance focus control areas indicating a luminance of at least a predetermined luminance; and an exposure control unit that performs exposure control, in a case where the counted number is a first number, so as to reduce an exposure amount of the sensor to less than when the counted number is a second number that is smaller than the first number, the exposure control being performed before the focus control by the focus control unit.

A stamper suppressed in surface roughness, uneven thickness, and deviation of circularity in inner circumference, a method of producing the same, an optical recording medium produced by molding using the stamper, and a method of producing the same, wherein a base member having a mirror polished main surface and comprising silicon or glass is formed with a resist film; the resist film is exposed by a focused electron beam, an ultraviolet ray laser, etc. and developed so as to form a resist film of a pattern corresponding to relief shapes; the mirror surface of the base member is processed to relief shapes (projecting regions and recessed regions) by dry etching etc. using the obtained resist film as a mask so as to obtain a stamper; the obtained stamper is used for injection molding to form a medium substrate; and an optical recording multilayer film and a protective layer are formed to thereby produce an optical recording medium.

A single pixel of a video display can display respective individual pixels of multiple views. In other words, a video display can include more views for an autostereoscopic image than the physical pixels of the video display would ordinarily support. The physical pixel is time-multiplexed in that the physical pixel displays a pixel of one view for a given time interval and a view multiplexer deflects the light from the physical pixel by a predetermined angle to make the pixel appear in a location corresponding to the pixel of the view. In another time interval, the physical pixel displays a pixel of a different view and the view multiplexer deflects light from the physical pixel by a different predetermined angle to make the pixel appear in a location corresponding to the pixel of the different view.

The image pickup system includes a camera and an interchangeable lens having an image-taking optical system. The camera includes an image sensor to photoelectrically convert an object image formed by the image-taking optical system and to be moved in an optical axis direction, and a camera controller configured to control movement of the image sensor such that focus variation caused due to variation of magnification of the interchangeable lens is reduced. The camera controller is configured to acquire image sensor moving data corresponding to the interchangeable lens attached to the camera, and controls the movement of the image sensor by using the image sensor moving data.

A method for non-invasive observations of a fundus using an ophthalmoscope is provided. The method includes illuminating a retinal region of an eye by projecting an illumination pattern of illumination light onto the retinal region, at least one of detecting a portion of fluorescent light emitted from the retinal region and detecting a portion of illumination light reflected from the retinal region, thereby capturing a series of images of the retinal region at a plurality of different relative positions of the retinal region with respect to the illumination pattern projected onto the retinal region, wherein between the capturing of at least two images of the series the relative position of the retinal region with respect to the illumination pattern projected onto the retinal region is shifted in a non-controlled manner, and processing the captured images to extract a sub-resolution image of the retinal region.

An objective lens to be fitted into a fitting hole of a nosepiece of a microscope includes an imaging lens that is composed of a plurality of lens groups, and a lens barrel that holds the imaging lens. The lens barrel is formed with a fitting portion that is fitted to the fitting hole of the nosepiece and provided at an outer circumference of a tip portion side away by a given distance from the tip portion where a first lens group in the imaging lens is held, and a mount surface that comes into contact with a contact surface of the fitting hole of the nosepiece upon fitting at the fitting portion. The nosepiece is equipped with the objective lens. The inverted microscope is equipped with the nosepiece fitting the objective lens.

The invention discloses a dual-electron injection terahertz folded travelling-backward wave amplifier, and is applied to the technical field of vacuum electron. A mutual effect of two beams of round electron injection with different speeds and the same-frequency electromagnetic wave is employed, working voltages of the two beams of electron injection are respectively synchronized with a forward space harmonic and a reverse space harmonic, an electromagnetic wave signal of which a travelling wave is amplified is propagated forwards, then acts on an oscillation loop of a backward wave and is used as an input signal of the backward wave so as to form a folding loop, an amplified travelling wave signal in a feedback loop acts in the travelling wave to promote amplification of the travelling wave, thus, the electromagnetic wave in a slow wave circuit can participate in amplification of the travelling wave and is simultaneously participate in amplification of the backward wave to form a nature feedback passage, and the energy of the device can be continuously increased unit the beam-wave interaction power is saturated.

The imaging lens consists of, in order from the object side, a first lens group having a positive refractive power, a second lens group, and a third lens group. In the second lens group, a first focus lens group having a negative refractive power is disposed to be closest to the object side, and a second focus lens group having a positive refractive power is disposed to be closest to the image side. During focusing, only the first and second focus lens groups move by changing the mutual spacing therebetween. The first lens group has two positive lenses and one negative lens. The first focus lens group consists of two or less lenses including a negative lens. Predetermined conditional expressions are satisfied.

A zoom lens system includes a plurality of lens groups, a lens group of which is moved to perform zooming, wherein a specified lens group of the lens groups is a focusing lens group; a normal photography mode in which focusing is carried out from infinity to a predetermined photographing distance by moving the focusing lens group of the specified lens group; and a shifting mode which shifts from the normal photography mode to a macro photography mode by moving a lens element of the specified lens group other than the focusing lens group when focusing on an object at a photographing distance that is shorter than the predetermined photographing distance. When the zoom lens system is in the macro photography mode, focusing is carried out from the predetermined photographing distance to a minimum photographing distance by moving the focusing lens group.