129results about How to "Reduce and avoid" patented technology

This invention teaches methods of combining ion implantation steps with in situ or ex situ heat treatments to avoid and / or minimize implant-induced amorphization (a potential problem for source / drain (S / D) regions in FETs in ultrathin silicon on insulator layers) and implant-induced plastic relaxation of strained S / D regions (a potential problem for strained channel FETs in which the channel strain is provided by embedded S / D regions lattice mismatched with an underlying substrate layer). In a first embodiment, ion implantation is combined with in situ heat treatment by performing the ion implantation at elevated temperature. In a second embodiment, ion implantation is combined with ex situ heat treatments in a “divided-dose-anneal-in-between” (DDAB) scheme that avoids the need for tooling capable of performing hot implants.

An applicator includes a support on one face of which is attached a resiliently deformable applicator element presenting an application surface opposite the support. The support has a preferential folding axis such that, in response to a folding force exerted on the support, the applicator element is deformed so as to modify the transverse curvature of the application surface observed transversely to the axis. The lengthwise curvature of the application surface observed axially along the axis is also modified.

Systems and methods are presented for cell simulation and cell state prediction. For example, a cellular biochemical network intrinsic to a phenotype of a cell can be simulated by specifying its components and their interrelationships. The various interrelationships can be represented with one or more mathematical equations which can be solved to simulate a first state of the cell. The simulated network can then be perturbed, and the equations representing the perturbed network can be solved to simulate a second state of the cell which can then be compared to the first state, identifying the effect of such perturbation on the network, and thereby identifying one or more components as targets. Alternatively, components of a cell can be identified as targets for interaction with therapeutic agents based upon an analytical approach, in which a stable phenotype of a cell is specified and correlated to the state of the cell and the role of that cellular state to its operation. A cellular biochemical network believed intrinsic to that phenotype can then be specified, mathematically represented, and perturbed, and the equations representing the perturbed network solved, thereby identifying one or more components as targets.

An improved technique for managing multiple virtual machines includes a presentation layer that receives user input for multiple virtual machines and renders output from the virtual machines in a unified presentation, which can be displayed to a user. In certain examples, Red / Green security is implemented by designating one virtual machine as a Green virtual machine and another as a Red virtual machine. Although different virtual machines are used, the presentation layer unifies the user's interaction with the virtual machines and reduces the need for the user to keep track of different virtual machines or to switch manually between them.

The invention relates to a field effect transistor in which the planar channel region on the upper surface of the elevation is extended in width by means of additional vertical channel regions on the lateral surfaces of the elevation. Said additional vertical channel regions connect directly to the planar channel region (vertical extended channel regions). Said field effect transistor has the advantage that a significant increase in the effective channel width for the current flow ION can be guaranteed relative to conventional transistor structures used up until the present, without having to accept a reduction in the achievable integration density. Said field effect transistor furthermore has a low reverse current IOFF. The above advantages are achieved without the thickness of the gate insulators up to the region of the charge transfer tunnels having to be reduced or a reduced stability.

A thermally insulating tile floor covering system comprising a water resistant, inorganic, thermal air-gap plastic barrier tile layer which is provided with a network of integral spaced plastic studs, legs or wall sections on the underside thereof, to form an interconnected space network between the undersurface of the flat plastic tile and the surface of a concrete floor supporting the tile. The space network provides an insulating thermal air gap barrier space to receive and circulate any water vapor penetrating up through the concrete floor.

Systems and methods for modeling the interactions of the several genes, proteins and other components of a cell, employing mathematical techniques to represent the interrelationships between the cell components and the manipulation of the dynamics of the cell to determine which components of a cell may be targets for interaction with therapeutic agents. A first such method is based on a cell simulation approach in which a cellular biochemical network intrinsic to a phenotype of the cell is simulated by specifying its components and their interrelationships. The various interrelationships are represented with one or more mathematical equations which are solved to simulate a first state of the cell. The simulated network is then perturbed by deleting one or more components, changing the concentration of one or more components, or modifying one or more mathematical equations representing the interrelationships between one or more of the components. The equations representing the perturbed network are solved to simulate a second state of the cell which is compared to the first state to identify the effect of the perturbation on the state of the network, thereby identifying one or more components as targets. A second method for identifying components of a cell as targets for interaction with therapeutic agents is based upon an analytical approach, in which a stable phenotype of a cell is specified and correlated to the state of the cell and the role of that cellular state to its operation. A cellular biochemical network believed to be intrinsic to that phenotype is then specified by identifying its components and their interrelationships and representing those interrelationships in one or more mathematical equations. The network is then perturbed and the equations representing the perturbed network are solved to determine whether the perturbation is likely to cause the transition of the cell from one phenotype to another, thereby identifying one or more components as targets.

The invention discloses a medical suture wire with a natural antibacterial medicine release function and a preparation method thereof. A composite structure weaving process is used; silk fibroin is used as a coating carrier; natural antibacterial medicine is loaded; the antibacterial medicine suture wire with durable antibacterial performance is obtained; the suture wire material has the good mechanical property; meanwhile, the long-effect medicine slow release effect is realized; the bacteria can be inhibited or killed; the operation position infection is reduced.

To effect power control of a power amplifier 2 having three amplifier stages 3, 4 and 5 used to amplify input signals modulated in accordance with a variable envelope modulation scheme, there is used a power amplifier 2 having a gain which reduces as the supply voltage to the power amplifier 2 reduces, and the output power POUT of the power amplifier 2 is controlled by regulation of the supply voltage VS. Taking advantage of the reduction in gain of the power amplifier 2, it is ensured that, in respect of each respective amplifier stage 3, 4 and 5 and at each respective value of the supply voltage in the voltage control range, the output power POUT of the respective amplifier stage 3, 4 and 5 is less than the saturation output power PSAT of the respective amplifier stage 3, 4 and 5. As a result, distortion of the signal is reduced. The power control technique improves efficiency over known techniques of backing off the output power and using a variable gain amplifier stage to control the output power.

When a host system outputs a read command to a memory controller, it measures a load count of a memory area on which a read access load is imposed. Then, when the host system judges that the load count of a memory area reaches a predetermined count, it causes the memory controller to perform an error detection on the memory area. Further, when the host system finds that an error occurs in the memory area, it causes the memory controller to perform an error correction on the memory area. This can avoid or reduce unintended rewriting due to repeated readouts.

A grafting reagent and related method of using the reagent to form a polymeric layer on a support surface, and particularly a porous support surface, in a manner that provides and / or preserves desired properties (such as porosity) of the surface. The reagent and method can be used to provide a thin, conformable, uniform, uncrosslinked coating having desired properties onto the surface of a preformed, and particularly a porous, polymeric substrate. The method includes the steps of a) providing a porous support surface, b) providing a nonpolymeric grafting reagent comprising a photoinitator group, c) providing one or more polymerizable monomers adapted to be contacted with the surface, in the presence of the grafting reagent, and to be polymerized upon activation of the photoinitiator; and d) applying the grafting reagent and monomer(s) to the surface in a manner, and under conditions, suitable to coat the surface with the grafting reagent and to cause the polymerization of monomers to the surface upon activation of the grafting reagent.