The invention provides a modified polycarbamate water-resistant adhesive film and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: stirring polyethyleneglycol, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, ethyl acetate and N,N-dimethylformamide to react, adding 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid and 2-methylpyridine, continuing stirring, adding ethyl orthosilicate, hydroxy silicon oil and polydimethylsiloxane, stirring, adding N,N-dimethyl cyclohexylamine, continuing stirring at uniform speed, adding acetone, stirring, adding butanediol to react, cooling to 30-35 DEG C, adding triethanolamine, stirring with a stirrer, slowly adding deionized water while continuing stirring, and finally, carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain the modified polycarbamate water-resistant adhesive film. The modified polycarbamate water-resistant adhesive film has the advantages of favorable mechanical properties, favorable toughness, low swelling strain tendency and excellent water resistance.