The invention relates to the technical field of composite boards, and discloses a bamboo and wood composite board and a method for manufacturing the same. The bamboo and wood composite board comprises bamboo layers, wood veneer layers, more than two non-woven fabric layers and adhesive. The corresponding wood veneer layer is arranged between each two bamboo layers, the total quantity of the bamboo layers and the wood veneer layers ranges from 14 to 35, the non-woven fabric layers are arranged between the bamboo layers and the wood veneer layers, the various layers are adhered with one another by the adhesive and are integrally laminated, a surface layer and a bottom layer of the bamboo and wood composite board are bamboo layers respectively, sealing wax layers with waterproof effects are arranged on the surfaces of the bamboo and wood composite board, the bamboo layers are bamboo chip layers or bamboo curtain layers, the thickness of each bamboo layer ranges from 0.5mm to 1.5mm, the thickness of each wood veneer layer ranges from 1.5mm to 2.0mm, the adhesive is made of phenolic resin adhesive with the solid content of 50%, impregnating compounds and more than one type of waterproof agents, mothproofing agents or inorganic flame retardants are added into the phenolic resin adhesive, and the adhesive is applied to double surfaces of each of the bamboo layers, the wood veneer layers and the non-woven fabric layers. The method for manufacturing the bamboo and wood composite board includes steps of manufacturing the adhesive; treating materials of the bamboo layers; treating wood veneers; arraying and assembling blanks; laminating and forming the blanks; treating the surfaces of the blanks and warehousing the finished product.