The invention discloses a lithium iron phosphate positive plate. The lithium iron phosphate positive plate comprises an aluminum foil and water-based positive slurry which coats the aluminum foil; thewater-based positive slurry comprises lithium iron phosphate, carbon nanotubes, graphene, chitosan, butadiene styrene rubber, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate and amino silicone oil; and the particle size of the lithium iron phosphate is 4-10 microns. According to the lithium iron phosphate positive plate of the invention, a positive electrode active substance with large particle size and small specific surface area is adopted, so that the low-temperature performance of the lithium iron phosphate positive plate is good; the environment-friendly water-based positive electrode slurry is adopted, so that the positive electrode plate is environment-friendly, non-toxic, good in processing environment adaptability and stable in processing performance, and the obtained positive electrode plate is high in compaction density, high in specific energy and excellent in low-temperature property. The invention further discloses an environment-friendly low-temperature-resistant lithium battery which comprises the lithium iron phosphate positive plate and is combined with a negative plate with high cost performance, large capacity and high activity, and the obtained lithium iron phosphate battery is good in safety performance, high in energy density, excellent in low-temperature performance, stable in processing performance, free of pollution in the production process and low in battery cost.