A
fluorine treatment that can shape the
electric field profile in electronic devices in 1, 2, or 3 dimensions is disclosed. A method to increase the
breakdown voltage of AlGaN / GaN
high electron mobility transistors, by the introduction of a controlled amount of dispersion into the device, is also disclosed. This dispersion is large enough to reduce the peak
electric field in the channel, but low enough in order not to cause a significant decrease in the output power of the device. In this design, the whole
transistor is passivated against dispersion with the exception of a small region 50 to 100 nm wide right next to the drain side of the gate. In that region, surface traps cause limited amounts of dispersion, that will spread the high
electric field under the gate edge, therefore increasing the
breakdown voltage. Three different methods to introduce dispersion in the 50 nm closest to the gate are described: (1) introduction of a small gap between the
passivation and the gate
metal, (2) gradually reducing the thickness of the
passivation, and (3) gradually reducing the thickness of the AlGaN cap layer in the region close the gate.