The invention is suitable for the technical field of damping materials, and provides flame-retardant high-damping rubber and a preparation method of a damping shock pad thereof. Chlorinated butyl rubber CIIR1066, a POE elastomer, white carbon black, N990 type carbon black, 52 # liquid paraffin, decabromodiphenyl ethane, antimony trioxide, zinc borate, MCA, an anti-aging agent 1076, an anti-aging agent 2246, zinc oxide, stearic acid, resin and a DCP vulcanizing agent are adopted as ingredients to prepare the flame-retardant high-damping rubber. Through optimization design of components and contents thereof of the damping material, a rubber composition the flame retardance of which can reach UL94-V0 level, and which has a wide temperature range and high damping performance can be obtained. The damping material is wide in use temperature range, high in damping factor, good in flame retardance and aging resistance and good in mechanical property.