The embodiment of the invention belongs to the field of aerosol generation and relates to a child lock atomizer and an aerosol generation device. The child lock atomizer comprises a shell, a lock catch, an atomization core and a first elastic piece, wherein the atomization core is detachably connected to the interior of the shell, the lock catch is movably connected to the interior of the shell, and the lock catch moves relative to the shell in the first direction under the action of external force so as to lock and unlock the atomization core; the lock catch moves in the second direction relative to the shell under the action of external force, the first elastic piece is connected between the lock catch and the shell and used for providing elastic force opposite to the second direction for the lock catch, two ends of the second elastic piece are connected with the lock catch and the shell respectively, and the second elastic piece provides elastic force opposite to the first direction for the lock catch; the first direction is not parallel to the second direction; and a boss is arranged on the side, away from the first elastic piece, of the lock catch, and the boss is matched with the shell to lock movement of the lock catch in the first direction. According to the child lock atomizer, the atomization core can be prevented from being separated from the shell due to mistaken unlocking.