The invention discloses a big dipper and 4G-based unmanned aerial vehicle which comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, wherein a main controller, a big dipper system global positioning device, a data encrypting device, a data processing device, an aerial photo camera, an automatic driving device and a first wireless communication device are arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle body, and the main controller is respectively connected with the big dipper system global positioning device, the data encrypting device, the data processing device, the aerial photo camera, the automatic driving device and the first wireless communication device. The big dipper and 4G-based unmanned aerial vehicle further comprises a ground base station, wherein the ground base station is provided with a second wireless communication device and a data decryption and analysis device, the data decryption and analysis device is connected with the second wireless communication device, and the first wireless communication device is wirelessly connected with the second wireless communication device through a 4G network. The big dipper and 4G-based unmanned aerial vehicle disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of safety data, immediate monitoring, wide use range and the like.