218results about How to "Sufficient data" patented technology

A payment card comprises an internal dynamic card verification value (CVV) generator and a user display for card-not-present transactions. Card-present transactions with merchant card readers are enabled by a dynamic magnetic array internally associated with the card's magnetic stripe. The user display and a timer are triggered by the user when the user needs to see the card verification value and / or begin a new transaction. A new card verification value is provided for each new transaction according to a cryptographic process, but the timer limits how soon a next new card verification value can be generated.

A method for securing financial transactions involving payment cards includes associating a sixteen-digit personal account number (PAN) with a particular payment card and user, wherein are included fields for a system number, a bank / product number, a user account number, and a check digit. A four-digit expiration date (MMYY) associated with the PAN. A magnetic stripe on the payment card is encoded with the PAN for periodic reading by a magnetic card reader during a financial transaction. A table of cryptographic values associated with the PAN and the MMYY is stored on each user's payment card during personalization by an issuing bank. A next financial transaction being commenced with the payment card is sensed. A cryptographic value from the table of cryptographic values is selected for inclusion as a dynamic portion of the user account number with the PAN when a next financial transaction is sensed. Any cryptographic value from the table of cryptographic values will not be used again in another financial transaction after being used once. The issuing bank authorizes the next financial transaction only if the PAN includes a correct cryptographic value in the user account number field.

A payment card financial transaction authenticates for providing overall financial network security computes a number of results from a cryptographic key that match values that were selectively used to personalize individual payment cards with their individual user identification and account access codes. An account access code is later presented daring a financial transaction involving at least one of those individual payment cards. A dynamic portion is included in a merchant's magnetic reading of the payment card. Then authenication can proceed by matching it with values computed from the cryptographic key.

A payment card fraud detection business model comprises an internal virtual account number generator and a user display for Card-Not-Present transactions. Card-Present transactions with merchant card readers are enabled by a magnetic array internally associated with the card's magnetic stripe. The internal virtual account number generator is able to reprogram some of the magnetic bits encoded in the magnetic stripe to reflect the latest virtual account number. The internal virtual account number generator produces a sequence of virtual numbers that can be predicted and approved by the issuing bank. Once a number is used, such is discarded and put on an exclusion list or reserved for a specific merchant until the expiration date. A server for the issuing bank logs the merchant locations associated with each use or attempted use, and provides real-time detection of fraudulent attempts to use a virtual account number on the exclusion list. Law enforcement efforts can then be directed in a timely and useful way not only where the fraud occurs but also at its origination.

A payment card comprises an internal dynamic PIN code generator and a user display for card-not-present transactions. Card-present transactions with merchant card readers are enabled by a dynamic magnetic array internally associated with the card's magnetic stripe. The user display and a timer are triggered by the user or automatically when the user needs to see the PIN code and / or begin a new transaction. A new PIN code is provided for each new transaction according to a cryptographic process, but the timer limits how soon a next new PIN code can be generated and displayed.

A system is disposed at a location of a utility commodity subscriber for informing the subscriber of utility commodity cost and usage and for controlling utility commodity usage. The system includes one or more utility meters, an information and control apparatus, a first data communication link, and a second data communication link. The one or more meters measure usage of one or more utility commodity and for generating one or more usage signals including a measurement of the subscriber's usage of the one or more utility commodities. The information and control apparatus includes a microprocessor, a memory, a clock, and a user interface, for inputting and outputting information. The first data communication link is between the one or more utility meters and the information and control apparatus and provides the one or more usage signals to said information and control apparatus for storage in the memory. The second data communication link is between the information and control apparatus and one or more central locations associated with the one or more utility commodity. The second communication link also provides rate information related to usage of the one or more utility commodity from the one or more central location to the information and control apparatus and provides utility commodity usage data from the information and control apparatus to the one or more central location. The microprocessor computes an accumulated cost of one or more utility commodity for a predetermined period of time according to the clock, the one or more usage signal, and the rate information. Information related to the accumulated cost is provided to the user interface for output to the subscriber.

A payment card fraud detection business model comprises an internal virtual account number generator and a user display for Card-Not-Present transactions. Card-Present transactions with merchant card readers are enabled by a magnetic array internally associated with the card's magnetic stripe. The internal virtual account number generator is able to reprogram some of the magnetic bits encoded in the magnetic stripe to reflect the latest virtual account number. The internal virtual account number generator produces a sequence of virtual numbers that can be predicted and approved by the issuing bank. Once a number is used, such is discarded and put on an exclusion list or reserved for a specific merchant until the expiration date. A server for the issuing bank logs the merchant locations associated with each use or attempted use, and provides real-time detection of fraudulent attempts to use a virtual account number on the exclusion list. Law enforcement efforts can then be directed in a timely and useful way not only where the fraud occurs but also at its origination.

An storage area network (SAN) has a manager digital data processor that includes a first element that maintains a first representation of the SAN and a second element that maintains a second representation of the SAN. The first element generates notifications of events in the SAN, e.g., addition or removal of components or relationships between components, and includes with them data pertaining to the event. The second element responds to such notifications and data by updating the second representation. That data is preferably sufficient for the second element to update the second representation without further reference to information contained in the representation.

The invention provides an improved storage area network (SAN) of the type having a digital data processor, e.g., a host, in communication with one or more storage devices, e.g., a LUN and, further, of the type having a plug-and-play (PNP) manager that generates an event in response to a change in status of at least one of the storage devices. The improvement is characterized by at least a selected process, that executes on the host (or other digital data processor) and that references at least a selected one of the storage devices using a previously assigned logical identification, e.g., a LUN ID. The improvement is further characterized by the selected process responding to an event generated by the plug-and-play by querying for information the storage device (or an interface thereto) with respect to which the event was generated. From that information, the process generates a logical identification for the device.

Disclosed is a device adapted to measure intraocular pressure comprising: a corneal contact lens having a pressure sensor mounted in a recess or cavity in the contact lens, and wherein the contact lens has a back surface which is formed so as to protrude in a desired portion beyond the profile of the adjacent part of the lens and thus to press against the cornea, which protruding portion experiences a reactive deformation which is detected directly or indirectly by the pressure sensor.

Smart card security is enhanced by making the smart card a two-piece device. Both parts of the smart card contain copies of user data and a processor, which executes program instructions stored in the smart card half so as to give each part of the two-part smart card security and intelligence. Both parts must be in communication with each other for the data in either card to be accessible and useable. By separating the two pieces, data compromise is virtually impossible.

Novel storage area networks (SANs) and methods of operation thereof utilize a plurality of hosts coupled via an interconnect with one or more storage units. A manager device, process or other functionality in communication with a plurality of agent processes, devices or other functionality, each of which is associated with a host. The agents identify attributes of (i) their associated hosts, (ii) interconnect to which that host is coupled, and / or (iii) storage units to which that host is coupled via the interconnect. The manager responds to these attributes identified by the agents to manage the SAN. The manager can be implemented on a first digital data processor and the hosts on further digital data processors. These digital data processors can be coupled via a first network, e.g., an IP or other network, to support communications between the manager and the agents. A second network, e.g., SCSI and / or fiber channel based fabric, separate from the first network, can be utilized as the interconnect between the hosts and the storage devices.

The present invention relates generally to the classification of items into categories, and more generally, to the automatic selection of different classifiers at different places within a hierarchy of categories. An exemplary hierarchical categorization method uses a hybrid of different classification technologies, with training-data based machine-learning classifiers preferably being used in those portions of the hierarchy above a dynamically defined boundary in which adequate training data is available, and with a-priori classification rules not requiring any such training-data being used below that boundary, thereby providing a novel hybrid categorization technology that is capable of leveraging the strengths of its components. In particular, it enables the use of human-authored rules in those finely divided portions towards the bottom of the hierarchy involving relatively close decisions for which it is not practical to create in advance sufficient training data to ensure accurate classification by known machine-learning algorithms, while still facilitating eventual change-over within the hierarchy to machine learning algorithms as sufficient training data becomes available to ensure acceptable performance in a particular sub-portion of the hierarchy.

The invention provides an improved SAN of type having one or more host digital data processors, coupled to one or more storage devices. At least a selected one of the hosts includes a file system that effects access by the host to assigned storage devices. This can be, by way of non-limiting example, an AIX journal file system, a Veritas file system, a Unix file systems using Veritas volume manager or other host platform file system that oversees file and other data accesses between the host and those assigned devices. In response to a request by (or on behalf of) the selected host for extension of the file system, a manager (e.g., executing on a further digital data processor) assigns one of more further storage devices to that digital data processor. An agent associated with the first digital data processor that responds to the assignment by extending the file system to include the assigned storage device.

A convolution interleaver for processing a codeword derived from an input block of symbols using a redundancy-adding coding, and having more symbols than the input block, wherein the codeword has a sequence of interleaving units, wherein each interleaving unit has at least two symbols, includes an interleaver. The interleaver changes the sequence of interleaving units to obtain an interleaved codeword having a changed sequence of interleaving units. In particular, the order of the symbols within an interleaving unit is not changed by the interleaver. The order of the interleaving units in the codeword among each other or with respect to a previous or subsequent codeword is changed, however.

A digital data processor of the type used, e.g., in management of a storage area network (SAN), executes a process (a “manager” process) to maintain a representation of the SAN topology or at least an attribute thereof. A graphical output device displays the SAN representation. A further process (a “user interface” process) controls the output device for purposes of displaying that representation. An interface element effects retrieval of the SAN representation, for example, in response to a request from the user interface process. It transmits that representation to the user interface process for display on the graphical output device.

A method of compressing a medical image, including:providing a medical diagnostic image, having associated therewith at least one windowing parameter;automatically selecting a desired compression quality, responsive to the at least one windowing parameter; andcompressing the image, using a lossy compression method, such that a decompressed image will have substantially the desired compression quality. Preferably, the at least one windowing parameter is provided by an imaging technician. Preferably, the compression method is a wavelet compression method.

The invention belongs to the communication technology field, in particular relates to an automatic communication network monitoring system and realization method thereof. The system comprises a network management server, a communication network, and a mobile phone test terminal. The network management server are provided with a network data acquisition module and a base station connection analysis module; the communication network which is a mobile communication network arranged between the network management server and a test terminals, and the mobile phone test terminal which is a mobile phone provided with a network test terminal management module. The automatic communication network monitoring system described in the invention can fast and accurately obtain the concrete condition of network communication quality by a commercial mobile phone, has low data acquisition cost and abundant data size, and can reflect the overall performance of a wireless communication network accurately and at real time, thereby greatly shortening the period for finding and solving problems. Thus, the system provides objective basis for network planning and optimizing, provides reliable data for customer service, and is convenient for communication network maintainers while greatly saving network test cost.

The invention relates to an image block deep learning characteristic based infrared pedestrian detection method, and belongs to the technical fields of image processing a computer vision. According to the method, a data set is divided into a training set and a test set. In a training stage, firstly, small image blocks are extracted in a sliding manner on positive and negative samples of the infrared pedestrian data set, clustering is carried out, and one convolutional neural network is trained for each type of image blocks; and then feature extraction is carried out on the positive and negative samples by using the trained convolutional neural network group, and an SVM classifier is trained. In a test stage, firstly, a region-of interest is extracted for a test image, then feature extraction is carried out on the region-of-interest by using the trained convolutional neural network group, and finally prediction is performed by using the SVM classifier. The infrared pedestrian detection method achieves a purpose of pedestrian detection via a mode of detecting whether each region-of-interest belongs to a pedestrian region or not, so that pedestrians in an infrared image can be detected accurately under the conditions such that the detection scene is complicated, the environment temperature is high, and the pedestrians vary greatly in scale attitude, and the method provides support for research in follow-up related fields such as intelligent video.

The invention provides a storage area network (SAN) of type having one or more digital data processors coupled to one or more storage devices. At least a selected one of the hosts includes a file system that effects access by the host to assigned storage devices. This can be, for example, a conventional AIX or other host platform file system that oversees file and other data accesses between the host and those assigned devices. That host can be associated, according to these aspects of the invention, with lower and upper capacity bounds for purposes of file system extension. In response to a request by (or on behalf of) the selected digital data processor for extension of the file system, the manager assigns one of more further storage devices to that digital data processor.

An information storage medium which contains preload information, a reproducing apparatus and a reproducing method. The information storage medium includes AV data and a markup language document displaying the AV data which is decoded and reproduced and including preload information that allows the reproducing apparatus to read a file to be preloaded and to store it into a memory. The information storage medium contains the markup language document to prevent a video picture from being interrupted when the AV data recorded in the DVD is reproduced and displayed through the markup language document. The reproducing apparatus and reproducing method reproduce information from the information storage medium.

A digital data processing apparatus of the type that manages a SAN includes a first queue with entries representing tasks and a second queue with entries representing data that correspond to those tasks. Data in the second queue is grouped in accord with the task to which they correspond. A manager service updates the internal representation of the SAN (e.g., the representation of the SAN topology) by executing the tasks in the first queue one at a time, for example, atomically using a single-threaded process.

The present invention relates to systems, apparatus, and methods of determining whether to abort a prefetch operation. Embodiments include accumulator functionality for accumulating object data prior to making an abort determination. Certain embodiments compress the accumulated data to more accurately reflect the cost of pushing the data to the client as part of the prefetch operation. Accumulation and / or compression of the data may provide sufficient data relating to the size of the object to make a useful prefetch abort determination, even where the size of the object cannot be otherwise determined (e.g., from the object data header). Other embodiments store accumulated data (e.g., in compressed or uncompressed form) for use in further optimizing prefetch operations. For example, if an accumulated prefetch is aborted before the object is forwarded to the client, and the client later requests the object, the object may be pushed to the client from server-side storage, rather than retrieving (e.g., and compressing) the object from the content server redundantly.

A storage area network (“SAN”) includes one or more digital data processors that are coupled for communication with one or more storage devices (e.g., LUNs) over an interconnect. The improvement provides a mechanism for hierarchically displaying, e.g., on the administrator console or other output device, portions of the SAN topology. It includes a process that generates for application to the output device a plurality of graphical object that represent “segments” of the SAN and / or components of the SAN, along with the interconnections between them. The process selectively responds to operator / administrator selection of any of the graphical objects that represent a segment by regenerating the display to depict the interconnected segments and / or components that make up that segment.

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a method for computing depth sectioning of an object using a quantitative differential interference contrast device having a wavefront sensor with one or more structured apertures, a light detector and a transparent layer between the structured apertures and the light detector. The method comprises receiving light, by the light detector, through the one or more structured apertures. The method also measures the amplitude of an image wavefront, and measures the phase gradient in two orthogonal directions of the image wavefront based on the light. The method can then reconstruct the image wavefront using the amplitude and phase gradient. The method can then propagate the reconstructed wavefront to a first plane intersecting an object at a first depth. In one embodiment, the method propagates the reconstructed wavefront to additional planes and generates a three-dimensional image based on the propagated wavefronts.

A storage area network (SAN) of the type has a plurality of components including one or more digital data processors in communication with one or more storage devices via a switching fabric. An interface process, e.g., resident on a manager digital data processor, permits the operator / administrator to effect execution of at least a process residing on the manager and at least one process, such as a management application, residing on another SAN component.

The invention discloses an aerial photo shooting method and system in investigation of a traffic accident scene by using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UVA). The method comprises the steps: selecting a corresponding traffic accident scene UVA low-altitude shooting scheme according to whether to perform three-dimensional scene reconstruction or scene animation simulation, wherein traffic accident scene UVA low-altitude shooting schemes comprise, but not limited to, a global-scope Chinese character gong-shaped tour vertical high angle shot scheme and a combined shooting scheme, and the combined shooting scheme consists of the global-scope Chinese character gong-shaped tour vertical high angle shot scheme and a local three-dimensional scene multi-level surrounding tilt shooting scheme by superposition; selecting and computing shooting parameters of the UVA according to the selected UVA low-altitude shooting scheme; shooting the traffic accident scene according to the selected UVA low-altitude shooting scheme and the shooting parameters of the UVA, so as to obtain an aerial photo sequence of the traffic accident scene. The method and system disclosed by the invention have the advantages of high maneuverability, high efficiency, completeness and high accuracy, and can be widely applied to the field of UVA application.

A photoelectric converter includes: a lower electrode layer; a compound semiconductor thin film of chalcopyrite structure disposed on the lower electrode layer and having a high-resistivity layer in its surface; a transparent electrode layer disposed on the compound semiconductor thin film; an interlayer insulating layer; a zinc-oxide-based compound semiconductor thin film; and electrodes. With application of a reverse bias voltage between the transparent electrode layer and the lower electrode layer, and application of a bias voltage between the electrodes, the photoelectric converter photoelectrically converts ultraviolet region light. Thus, the photoelectric converter achieves photoelectric conversion of light in a wider region. Such a photoelectric converter and a process for producing the same, and a solid state imaging device to which the photoelectric converter is applied are provided.