The invention provides zinc layer surface chromium-free environmental protection passivation processing liquid and a preparation method and use thereof. The passivation processing liquid comprises: 1-10% of special doped resin, 1-8% of a coupling agent, 1-10% of water-based nanometer sol, 0.5-5% of modified hydroxyl nanometer layered silicate powder, 0.1-3% of a metal chelating agent, 5-20% of a diluent, 0.5-3% of a dispersing agent, 0.5-3% of a thickening agent, 0.3-2% of a PH adjusting agent, and the rest of water. Through using a resin doping process, specially hybridizing the resin as a film forming agent, and applying the coupling agent, an organic high molecular material is embedded into an inorganic SiO2 netty three-dimensional film layer, and the netty three-dimensional film layeris further filled and wrapped by using modified hydroxyl nanometer layered silicate to implement inorganic-organic compound passivation, so that the compatibility problem of organic components and inorganic components is solved, and the stability of the passivation processing liquid is improved; and a compact corrosion-resistant passivation layer can be formed when the passivation processing liquid is coated on the surface of a zinc layer, so that the passivation processing liquid has the advantages of low film forming and drying temperature, convenient processing process, high solution stability, acid and alkali corrosion resistance and capability of implementing chromium-free environmental protection processing.