167 results about "Thymelaea" patented technology

The invention relates to an oligochitosan and plant source substance-containing agricultural composition and applications, wherein the plant source substance is prepared by one or more of derris, tripterygium glycosides, tobacco, pyrethrum cinerariifolium, tagetes erecta, eupatorium adenophorum, radix stemonae, cayenne pepper, macleaya cordata, radix sophorae flavescentis, pyrethrum cinerariifolium, chinaberry, excoecaria sebifera, black nightshade herb, rhododendron sinensis sweet, coriaria sinica maxim, garlic, fruit of cubeb litsea tree, yellow flowered rhododendron, thymelaea, radix euphorbiae lantu, lysimachia foenum-graecum hance, peppermint, calamendiol, cortex cinnamomi, black pepper, artemisia scoparia, rhizoma alpiniae officinarum, mugwort, pepper, cynanchum komarovii, chinese honeylocust abnormal fruit, stramonium, ginko, camphora officinarum, caulis spatholobi, chinese mosla herb, herba asari, red sandalwood, erythrina indica, myrsine africana and fructus cnidii. The composition is low in people and livestock and non-target organism toxicity, fast degraded in the environment, low in residue, and free from environmental pollution. The oligochitosan and certain plant source substances in the composition are mixed and can achieve synergistic interaction, and the usage amount of the plant source substances can be reduced.

Embodiments of the invention relate to a composition for controlling a target pest, wherein the composition includes at least two active ingredients selected from the group consisting of thymyl acetate, linalyl acetate, amyl butyrate, anise star oil, black seed oil, p-cymene, geraniol, isopropyl myristate, d-limonene, linalool, lilac flower oil, methyl salicylate, alpha-pinene, piperonal, piperonyl alcohol, tetrahydrolinalool, thyme oil white, thyme oil red, thymol, vanillin, and winter-green oil, wherein the composition causes synergistic control of the target pest.

Drugs and cosmetics which are highly safe, and which are effective in preventing, improving, or treating various pathological conditions caused by estrogen depletion are provided. Provided are aromatase activators containing at least one member selected from plants such as Labiatae sps. including Isodon, Scutellaria (huangcen), Schizonepeta (jingjie), sage, lavender, Lamium album, and thyme, an extract thereof; yeast extract; silk protein extract; milk protein; trehalose; natto extract; royal jelly; oryza oil; hydrolyzated wheat extract; shea butter; and rice fermentation extract.

The invention discloses a thymol mite-killing microemulsion and a preparation method thereof. The microemulsion comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5 to 25 percent of thymol, 10 to 20 percent of solvent, 10 to 20 percent of emulsion, 0.5 to 3 percent of stabilizer, and 1 to 5 percent of antifreeze agent, and the balance of water. The microemulsion has broad spectrum of killing mites, can effectively prevent and control various agricultural pest mites, such as Tetranychus cinnabarinus, Tetranychus piercei McGregor, Oligonychus biharensis and the like, and is safe and low in toxicity. The microemulsion has simple production process, easy preparation and low cost.

The invention discloses a composite traditional Chinese medicinal sterilizing agent for a dairy farm which has no medicine residue and is environmentally friendly. The composite traditional Chinese medicinal sterilizing agent product is prepared by compounding traditional Chinese herbs such as gallnut, houttuynia cordata, coptis chinensis, scutellaria baicalensis, folium isatidis, herba andrographitis, radix isatidis, wild chrysanthemum flower, gingko, rhizoma acori graminei, magnolia officinalis, thyme, lysimachia christinae hance and the like in an ultrasonic auxiliary two-step extraction process. The composite traditional Chinese medicinal sterilizing agent has advantages the that the production process of ultrasonic auxiliary ethanol extraction of traditional Chinese herb and decoction is adopted in the preparation process of the composite traditional Chinese medicinal sterilizing agent, so that the aqueous soluble and alcohol soluble antibacterial active substances in the traditional Chinese herbs can be more adequately utilized; secondly, tween 80 and propanediol are added in the composite traditional Chinese medicinal sterilizing agent, so that the stability, adsorption property and viscosity of the sterilizing agent can be improved, and the effect of the composite traditional Chinese medicinal sterilizing agent can be further improved; thirdly, the product is environmentally friendly and safe, has no adverse effect on cow and has no problems such as medicine residue and drug resistance.

Disclosed are an acne removal composition, a skin care product and a preparation method thereof, wherein the acne removal composition is made from Garcinia mangostana L pericarp, thyme and Fructus aurantii.

The invention discloses compound plant essential oil with effects of repelling mosquitos, relieve itching and subsiding swellings. The compound plant essential oil comprises the following raw materials: artemisia vulgaris oil, lemon essential oil, eucalyptus citriodora oil, clove essential oil, camellia seed essential oil, catnip essential oil, thyme essential oil, geranium essential oil, rosemaryessential oil, castor oil, citronella oil, litsea oil, lavender essential oil, lithospermum essential oil, clary sage essential oil, mentha spicata essential oil, cypress essential oil, platycladus orientalis essential oil, calendula officinalis essential oil, cedarwood essential oil, juniper berry essential oil, wild chrysanthemum essential oil, leonurus japonicus essential oil, eucommia ulmoides essential oil, jasmine essential oil, eucalyptus essential oil, valeriana officinalis essential oil, rose essential oil, osmanthus fragrans essential oil and lemongrass oil. The compound plant essential oil has obvious mosquito repelling effect, high itching relieving and swelling subsiding speeds, remarkable improvement effects on eczema improving suppuration, herpes, pimples, swelling furuncleand itching skin as well as obvious anti-bacterial and anti-inflammation functions.

The invention discloses a pure natural mosquito-repellent perfume and a preparation method thereof. The perfume contains the following components: 18-23 percent of mosquito-repellent vanilla, 8-13 percent of wormwood sauce, 8-13 percent of arborvitae sauce, 8-12 percent of rosemary sauce, 8-13 percent of thyme sauce, 4-6 percent of mint sauce, and the balance of distilled water. All raw materialsuse natural green plants which grow naturally, and the invention has no bacteria, no harm and no toxity, has efficacies of repelling mosquito, relieving itching, diminishing inflammation of the body,and the like, and is safe and reliable, thereby being suitable for various kinds of humans and various skins. The product can repel the mosquito and prevent the mosquito from biting so as to inhibit titillation of various kinds of skins with elegant fragrance scent, thereby being suitable for keeping the mosquito-repellent perfume at home, outside, in travelling with convenient carrying. The invention has wide medicine source and low cost, and is suitable for promotion.

The invention relates to a botanical biopesticide. The botanical biopesticide is an aqueous emulsion composed of the extracts of plant active ingredients and auxiliaries, wherein the plant active ingredients include the extracts of sophora alopecuroide, cynanchum komarovii and thymus serpyllum, and the water extracts of onion, garlic and rheum; the auxiliaries include white sugar, turpentine oil and an emulsifying agent. Prepared from the reproducible edible plants used as the raw materials, the botanical biopesticide is pollution-free, has no pollution on the environment, complies with the pollution-free green ecological agricultural input norms and also has no withdrawal time. The botanical biopesticide is prepared compatibly from the Chinese herbal medicines, namely sophora alopecuroide, cynanchum komarovii and thymus serpyllum, added with the garlic as the major ingredient, onion as the auxiliary ingredient and rheum as the initiator; in the formula, the onion, similar to the garlic, contains a plurality of biological sulfides, and the sulfides are combined with the sulfides in the garlic to generate new allicin under the action of the alliinase. As the rheum and table vinegar are added, the efficacy and stability of the botanical biopesticide are further improved and the botanical biopesticide can be preserved for a long time without losing efficacy; the quality of crops can be improved.

The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition with multiple cosmetic effects. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 5-40 parts of ginseng, 5-40 parts of cordyceps militaris, 5-40 parts of bird's nests, 5-40 parts of ganoderma, 5-40 parts of dendrobium officinale, 5-40 parts of roses, 2-35 parts of peony, 2-35 parts of saussurea involucrata, 2-35 parts of lavandula angustifolia, 1-35 parts of thymus mongolicus, 1-35 parts of rosa gallica, 1-35 parts of nymphaea caerulea savigny, 5-40 parts of mongolian milkvetch roots, 5-40 parts of dioscorea composite roots, 1-35 parts of peach blossom, 5-40 parts of polygonatum odoratum, 5-40 parts of ligusticum chuanxiong and 5-40 parts of magnolia sieboldii. The traditional Chinese medicine composition has the benefits that through the synergistic effect of all components in the composition, wrinkles and chromatosis are reduced, metabolism is promoted, and the skin is ruddy, white and supple.

The invention discloses a broad-spectrum net bacteria preparation with a natural plant source as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. The broad-spectrum net bacteria preparation with the natural plant source is prepared from the following raw materials by weight percent: 0.03-5% of plant pyrethrin, 0.01-2% of eucalyptus oil, 0.03-1% of thymol, 0.03-1% of mint, 1-5% of tea tree oil, 0.015-0.5% of dispersant, 0.2-30% of synergist, 0.01-3% of antioxidant, 35-51% of ethyl alcohol and the balance of water, wherein the plant pyrethrin contains 20-80% of active ingredients; and the concentration of the tea tree oil is 10-15%. The broad-spectrum net bacteria preparation with the natural plant source disclosed by the invention is prepared from a natural plant extract as a main raw material, and has a plurality of functions, also has a significant killing effect on insect pests, such as mosquitoes, acarid, ticks and the like caused by damage to human health except for antibiosis, can purify air, is friendly to a human body and the environment, and has a broad application prospect.

The invention relates to the technical field of a detergent, and particularly relates to washing powder for washing dishes by hands of employing sasanqua shell and tea saponin as main materials, and a preparation method of the washing powder. The washing powder comprises the following material dry products at weight ratio: 70-88% of degreased and dried tea seed powder, 5-10% of builder, 5-10% of surfactant of lauryl sodium sulfate or sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 1-5% of chelating agent of hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine triacetic acid (HEDTA) or dihydroxyethylglycinate (DEG), 1-2% of salt, and 0-3% of plant perfume material of agastache rugosus or lavender or thyme or rosemary or lemongrass or mint. The washing powder is characterized in that the builder is active extract powder of sasanqua shell powder or sasanqua shell. The waste sasanqua shell is processed by the sasanqua, so that the cost of the detergent is greatly reduced; and the sasanqua shell powder has a better friction force and a better washing effect.

The invention provides a compound air cleaning agent and a preparing method and application thereof. The compound air cleaning agent is formed by compounding multiple components of thyme essential oil, tea tree essential oil, castanea mollissima flower extracting solution, peony root and skin extracting solution, vine tea extracting solution, gardenia essential oil, osmanthus fragrans essential oil, costustoot essential oil, may lily of the valley alcohol, nerol, citric acid, 2-isopentyloxy allyl acetate, alcohol, assistant, 4-hydroxy-3-butylphthalide and deionized water. The air cleaning agent has the advantages of better sterilizing, mosquito repelling and aroma enhancing performances due to proper selecting of component and proportion and the coordinated action among the components, less using amount, long time effectiveness, and is more saved and fast in the aspect of life and use of people.

A compound essential oil for expelling mosquito comprises the following plant essential oils: by volume, 50-100 parts of citronella essential oil, 20-50 parts of rosemary essential oil, 10-20 parts of lemon essential oil, 15-30 parts of tea tree essential oil, 5-10 parts of pine needle essential oil, 1-2 parts of thyme essential oil and 5-10 parts of juniper berry essential oil. The compound essential oil is an excellent pest repellant using the aromatic plant essential oils in nature. All essential oil producing plants have natural defense systems against foreign predators. The essential oils secreted out from smiling oil glands of leaves can protect, for thousands of years, the plants from insect bite. Now people can extract the essential oils, and use the essential oils to expel insects.

The invention discloses a thymol nano-medicament, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0.1-5 percent of thymol, 0.1-5 percent of oil phase, 20-40 percent of surfactant, 4-20 percent of cosurfactant and the balance of distilled water, wherein the total mass percentage of the raw materials is 100 percent. The thymol nano-medicament has the advantages of high thermodynamic stability, high storage stability, non-delamination by long-time standing, high liquid drop dispersion degree and high bioavailability, and can be used for safely and effectively treating dermatozoiasis.

A method for cultivating Monarda fistulosa for production of thymoquinone includes planting seeds at rates between about 2.5 and about 5 pounds per acre, preferably about 4 pounds per acre. The heavy rate of planting produces plants bearing oil without weed contamination and reduces herbicide use due to production of natural herbicides by the monarda plants. Seeding and mowing the first season, and harvesting in seasons thereafter reduce costs. The method results in increased production of essential oils including thymoquinone and thymohydroquinone at levels up to about 40% or more of recovered oils, and which may be distilled from the plant.

The invention relates to a method for insecticidal treatment of an element or of a living quarter, where the element or all or part of said living quarter is treated with a composition which includes:a) geraniol,b) lemongrass essential oil,c) mint essential oil,d) at least one essential oil selected from the group formed by geranium essential oil, thyme essential oil, lemon balm essential oil, clove essential oil and rosemary essential oil,e) sodium lauryl sulfate,f) and water,the composition being free of pyrethrinoids.

The invention provides a Chinese herbal composition which comprises semen nigellae, eclipta, black beans, polygonum multiflorum, fructus psoraleae, crocus sativus, madder, woad, Chinese gall leaven, selaginella, salt, iron vitriol, lemon, water soluble beewax, safflower seed oil, rosemary essential oil, thyme essential oil, and peppermint essential oil. The Chinese herbal composition is paste prepared from the natural Chinese herbal raw materials, is non-irritant, has no toxic and side effect, and is fast and firmer in dying when being compared with the conventional plant hair dye. The method adopts a low-alcohol low-temperature hot-reflux traditional Chinese medicine extracting technology, so as to improve effective constituent dissolving out rate and promote transdermal absorption. The paste is lubricating, is convenient to smear and clean, can not only shield white hair, but also care and protect hair, and inhibit, delay and reduce generation of white hair. The Chinese herbal composition being paste is mainly used for hair dying and nourishing of white hair, yellow hair and other light-colored hair.

The invention discloses a whitening and freckle-fading composition and application thereof. The whitening and freckle-fading composition is prepared from the following raw materials: egg yolk oil andshea butter, pterostilbene and vitamin E, hydrolyzed ceramide III, an orange peel extract, a yeast extract, a thyme extract, a white willow bark extract, a verbascose flower extract, a sea lily nerveactivity whitening factor, a scutellaria baicalensis extract, oxyresveratrol, a lactobacillus fermentation lysate, tranexamic acid, VC ethyl ether, water-soluble fullerene, 4-butyl resorcinol and Ectoin; the invention also discloses application of the whitening and freckle-fading composition in cosmetics. The whitening and freckle-fading composition is good in safety and free of toxic and side effects, the whitening active ingredients are compounded, generation of melanin is inhibited from two ways of inhibiting saccharification and tyrosinase activity, and the whitening and freckle-fading effects are remarkable.

The present invention provides a novel AGEs-degrading agent. The AGEs-degrading agent of the present invention contains at least one kind of plant extract obtained from a plant selected from the group consisting of peanut, rosemary, knotweed, leaf lettuce, sweet basil, thyme, spearmint, lemon balm, shiso, and rhubarb.

The invention relates to preparations for dietary, food supplement or medical purposes and more specifically to a safe and natural preparation or a composition useful in immunity regulation and / or stimulation and in particular in the building, reinforcement, efficiency, maintenance and regeneration of natural immune defences in a subject. The preparations comprise magnesium, zinc and / or iron, blackcurrent seed oil and / or palm oil, two plant extracts selected from thyme, chickpea and lentil, as well as algae (fucus, wakame, nori), mushroom (shiitake, maitake) and at least one hydrosoluble vitamin and / or vitamin E.

The invention discloses a plant essential oil composition and an application thereof, and relates to the field of mosquito repelling. The plant essential oil composition disclosed by the invention comprises 10 to 30 parts of carapa guaianensis seed oil, 15 to 40 parts of eucalyptus citriodora oil, 5 to 25 parts of thyme essential oil, 10 to 30 parts of yarrow essential oil and 10 to 30 parts of geranium essential oil. The plant essential oil composition is natural and non-irritating, can effectively repel mosquitos and mites when being applied to spray, has relatively good antibacterial and itching-relieving effects, is safe and non-irritating to the skin, and has good temperature resistance.

The present invention relates to herbal essential oil with a bactericidal effect. The herbal essential oil comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 11-15% of Ceylon cassia bark oil, 7-12% of a rosemary extract, 6-13% of a rose geraniumleaf oil, 7-14% of a thyme extract, 6-13% of niaouli leaf oil, 5-9% of eucalyptus globulus leaf oil, 5-9% of north Africa cedar bark oil, 5-9% of frankincense oil, 2-7% of melaleuca alternifolia leaf oil, 2-7% of clove bud oil, 2-7% of sweet oregano flower oil, 1-5% of Cupressus semervirens oil, 1-5% of a chayote extract, 1-5% of mint leaf oil and 1-5% of juniperus communis fruit oil. The prepared essential oil has the good bactericidal effect and is non-irritating to the skin; and the essential oil can be used for producing antibacterial spray, antibacterial balm, antibacterial hand soap, antibacterial no-washing hand soap or antibacterial handmade soap.

The invention provides ocimum gratissimum essential oil mosquito-repellent incense. The ocimum gratissimum essential oil mosquito-repellent incense is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1 to 2 parts of ocimum gratissimum essential oil, 10 to 13 parts of lavender, 4 to 5 parts of thymus mongolicus ronn, 1 to 3 parts of curcuma zedoary, 5 to 6 parts of mozzie buster, 50 to 60 parts of cinamomum camphor leaves, 30 to 35 parts of shaddock peels, 20 to 25 parts of grape skin, 80 to 90 parts of wood flour, and 30 to 40 parts of beer residue. According to the ocimum gratissimum essential oil mosquito-repellent incense, the ocimum gratissimum essential oil is added, the incense has an aromatherapy effect, can be used for certainly treating migraine and respiratory tract infection, and is beneficial to the health of a human body; the fruit skin is added and brings faint fruity flavor which enables people to feel comfortable.

The invention relates to a thymus plant extract or composition and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly quenching active pharmaceutical ingredients with acetone; performing acidification by use of H2SO4 with certain concentration; extracting the extracting solution with ethyl acetate for 2-3 times, thereby obtaining a thymus plant extract containing carvacrol, tanshinol, scutellarein, scutellarin, 5,4'-dyhydroxyl-6,7,8-trimethoxy flavone, oleanolic acid and rosmarinic acid. The thymus plant also provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following active pharmaceutical ingredients in parts by weight: 200-500 parts of thymus plant, 100-300 parts of curcuma roots, 100-300 parts of rhizoma sparganii, 200-400 parts of radix angelica sinensis, 100-200 parts of ginkgo leaves, 100-200 parts of licorice root, 200-400 parts of radix codonopsis pilosulae and 200-500 parts of rhizoma ligustici wallichii. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is rapid in medical effect taking and less in toxic and side effects, thereby being a favorable medicament for treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

The invention relates to a Chinese patent medicament for treating intractable hypertension, which comprises the following Chinese herbal medicaments in part by weight: 50 to 100 parts of seabuckthorn, 80 to 100 parts of wild thyme, 100 to 150 parts of madagascar periwinkle herb, 100 to 150 parts of ganoderma lucidum karst, 150 to 300 parts of black fungus, 80 to 100 parts of emblic root, 50 to 100 parts of salidroside, 50 to 100 parts of devilpepper root, 200 to 300 parts of kudzuvine root, 200 to 300 parts of hawthorn root and 200 to 300 parts of cassia seed. The medicaments are subjected to reasonable compatibility and are complementary in medicinal effects, so the Chinese patent medicament has good effect of reducing blood pressure, can address both symptoms and root causes, is suitable for patients who suffer from senile hypertension, juvenile hypertension, gestational hypertension, salt-sensitive hypertension and the like and particularly has the special and obvious curative effect on patients who suffer from refractory hypertension; and the Chinese patent medicament has the cure rate of 82.7 percent on the refractory hypertension, and has the total cure rate of 68.6 percent, total effectual rate (cure and effect producing) of 89.3 percent and the total effective rate of 100 percent on various kinds of hypertension, and the hypertension does not relapse after being cured.

The invention belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicine and particularly relates to an acne-removing traditional Chinese medicine composition and a preparation method thereof. The acne-removing traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises mangosteen peel, thyme and fructus aurantii. Mouse dermatitis model anti-inflammation effect tests and bacteriostatic experiments of propionibacterium acnes prove that the traditional Chinese medicine composition is good in inhibitory effect on the propionibacterium acnes and good in anti-inflammation effect, the three medicinal materials of the composition have a synergic anti-inflammation effect, and the composition is fast to become effective, good in effect, safe and mild, non-irritant, free of side effects, capable of being used for a long time, and widely applicable to adolescent or adult people troubled by acne for a long time. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine composition is simple to operate and suitable for industrial production.

The invention relates to a cosmetic or dermatological composition or a means for body care and beauty care, preferably on a pure plant basis, for topical use, containing at least one plant hydrolyzate, in particular selected from the group Althaeae radix (marshmallow root), Angelica(e) dahurica (dahurian angelica), Angelica(e) sinensis (Chinese angelica), Armoracia rusticana (horseradish), Artemisia scoparia (redstem wormwood), Astragalus membranaceus (var. mongolicus) (Chinese milk vetch), Capsicum sp., Capsicum annuum (pepper), Centaurium erythraea (common centaury), Cistus incanus (hairy rockrose), Echinacea angustifolia (narrow-leaved purple coneflower), Echinacea purpurea (eastern purple coneflower), Equiseti herba (horsetail), Galphimia glauca, Gentiana lutea L. (great yellow gentian), Guaiacum officinalis, Hederae folium, Hedera helicis (ivy), Juglandis folium (walnut leaf), Leonurus japonicus (Chinese motherwort), Levesticum radix, Levisticum officinalis (lovage), Matricariae flos (or Flos chamomillae (chamomile flower)), Melia toosendan (chinaberry fruit), Millefolii herba (yarrow), Olea europaea (olive), Pelargonium sp. (geranium), Phytolacca americana (American pokeweed), Primulae flos, Primulae radix, Primula veris L. (cowslip), Quercus cortex (oak bark), Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary), Rumicis herba (sorrel herb), Salix sp. (willow), Salvia miltiorrhiza (red sage), Sambucus nigra L. (black elder), Saposhnikovia divaricata (siler), Scutellaria baicalensis (Baikal skullcap), Siegesbeckia pubescens (Siegesbeckia), Taraxaci herba (dandelion root herb), Thymus L. (thyme), Verbena officinalis L. (vervain), Vitex agnus castus (monk's pepper), and Vitis vinifera (common grape vine).

The invention discloses compound tea tree essential oil for preventing and treating mosquito bite, which is prepared from the following main raw materials in parts by mass: 6-12 parts of radix arnebiae seu lithospermi, 9-15 parts of Chinese angelica, 6-12 parts of tallow seeds, 4-9 parts of cortex moutan radicis, 4-9 parts of herba schizonepetae, 6-10 parts of croton tiglium, 8-12 parts of zaocys dhumnade, and appropriate amounts of thymianct linalool essential oil, niaouli essential oil, VE (Vitamin E), grape seed essential oil and tea tree essential oil. The compound tea tree essential oil is obtained through clinical practice summary for years, has the efficacies of removing heat, cooling blood, drawing out a poison and diminishing swelling, and can effectively prevent and treat the mosquito bite.

The invention discloses a farm chemical composition containing thymol. The effective components of the composition are thymol, carvacrol and menthol. The composition disclosed by the invention is a pure botanical natural farm chemical, has no harvesting interval when in use, and has no harm to human beings and pathogenic bacteria natural enemies; when diseases are treated, adverse reactions (suchas growth suppression, flower bud differentiation influence and the like) of plants cannot be caused; the composition has a strong killing effect on gray mold and powdery mildew of various crops, andalso has a very good treatment effect on some other crop diseases such as cowpea sooty mould, tomato leaf mold, tomato bacterial leaf spot, cucumber angular leaf spot, cucumber gummosis, watermelon shade skin disease, pepper stem rot, strawberry root rot and pineapple heart rot.