The invention discloses a novel traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating cough and a preparation method thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine composition mainly comprises the following raw medicines: stemona root, almond, hogfennel root, common coltsfoot flower, dried snakegourd fruit, perilla, fineleaf schizonepeta herb, divaricate saposhnikovia root, baical skullcap root, platycodon root, inula flower, fritillary, concretio silicea bambusae, pumice, bamboo juice, aster, lepidium seed, Radix cynanchi, ginkgo seed, white mulberry root-bark, loquat leaf, honeysuckle flower, forsythia fruit, white peony root and the like. The traditional Chinese medicine composition can be prepared into any one normally used oral preparation according to the conventional method of traditional Chinese medicine preparations. The invention can obviously improve the symptoms of cough, expectoration, shortness of breath, asthma, recurrent cough, chronic cough and the like, and has obvious clinical curative effect, significant curative effect and rapid effect. Since the traditional Chinese medicine composition adopts medicinal and edible medicines stipulated in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia to compound, the composition has the advantages of low cost, basically no toxicity and side effects and the like.