48 results about "Casein-Sodium" patented technology

The invention discloses a microcapsule complex microbial inoculant and a preparation method thereof and relates to the technical field of water purification. The preparation method includes: respectively adding photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycetes, bacillus megatherium, nitrobacteria and rhodospirillum in fermentation liquor to perform fermentation; filtering solids in the current fermentation liquor after the fermentation, and performing low-temperature concentration on the fermentation liquor; adding xanthan gum, casein sodium and tween 80 into the concentrated fermentation liquor, and spray drying to obtain the microcapsule complex microbial inoculant after stirring and even dissolving, wherein the weight ratio of the xanthan gum to the fermentation liquor is 1-3%., the weight ratio of the casein sodium to the fermentation liquor is 0.5-1%. and the the weight ratio of the tween 80 to the fermentation liquor is 3-5%.. The microcapsule complex microbial inoculant and the preparation method thereof have the advantages that microbial inoculant storage time can be prolonged, the microbial inoculant can be evenly dispersed in water, synergic effects among various microorganisms can be promoted, and purifying efficiency is increased.

The invention relates to the field of food, in particular to a whipped powdery non-dairy cream and a preparation method thereof. The whipped powdery non-dairy cream is characterized in that the whipped powdery non-dairy cream consists of the following materials according to part by weight: 45 to 55 parts of hydrogenated vegetable oil, 20 to 40 parts of syrup, 15 to 30 parts of white sugar, 0.1 to 0.2 parts of stabilizer, 1 to 2 parts of emulsifier, 5 to 20 parts of milk powder, 0.1 to 0.2 parts of salt and 2 to 10 parts of casein sodium. With the syrup and the like as wrapping wall materials, the whipped powdery non-dairy cream is formed into powder which is tens of microns to a hundred microns, and is extremely convenient to store, transport and use, energy consumption and cost are low, moreover, the product has good flowability, dissolubility and preservability, and can be whipped to be fluffy under less than 18 DEG C, and the application range is wide.

The invention discloses an SA-magnetic bead freeze-drying working solution, an SA-magnetic bead freeze-dried product and a preparation method of the freeze-dried product. The freeze-drying working solution is suitable for an alkaline phosphatase luminescence system and is prepared from a protein protectant and a buffer solution, wherein casein sodium is adopted as the protein protectant, a TBS buffer solution is adopted as the buffer solution, the TBS buffer solution is prepared from the components of 10-50 mM of Tris-HCl and 0.9% NaCl, and the pH is 7.4. The freeze-drying working solution isprepared from the casein sodium and the TBS buffer solution, so that the freeze-drying working solution is more suitable for the SA-magnetic bead freeze-dried product of an alkaline phosphatase reaction system; and a mixed solution of SA-magnetic beads and the freeze-drying working solution is subjected to sample application to the interior of a chip in micro-droplets, then after in-situ freeze-drying, the freeze-dried product is obtained, the freeze-dried product can keep good biotin combining activity after being redissolved, after the freeze-dried product generates a sandwich reaction witha biotinylated antibody and antigen and an alkaline phosphatase marked antibody, influence on activity of an enzyme catalyzed substrate is small, and the luminescence value is high and stable.

The invention belongs to the field of textile finishing agents and particularly relates to a microcapsule for a textile after-finishing as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The microcapsule consists of a core material and a capsule wall according to the weight ratio of (0.2-0.6):1, wherein the core material comprises 10-20 parts by weight of plant essential oil and 0.2-1 part of L-methionylglycine hydrochloride; the capsule wall is prepared from starch octenylsuccinate, nano-microcrystalline celluloses and casein sodium according to the weigh ratio of 1:(0.1-0.3):(0.3-0.8). The microcapsule provided by the invention has good mechanical strength and has the advantages of being natural, safe and degradable; the microcapsule has good affinity with a textile product; a test shows that the textile product finished by the microcapsule is lasting in fragrance, the repelling rate reaches 89 percent, and a mosquito repelling effect is very strong.

Provided is a foamable oil-in-water emulsion that, regardless of having a low percent content of fat and total solids, has superior foamability, flower-forming properties, shape retention, sense of concentrated flavor, and lack of heavy mouthfeel. The foamable oil-in-water emulsion, which has a percent oil and fat content of 8-22 wt% and a percent content of total solids of 30-60 wt%, contains casein sodium and an emulsifier and has an overrun value in the optimal foamed state of at least 200%. The percent content of casein sodium is preferably 0.8-4.0 wt%.

The invention belongs to the production field of non-dairy creamer, and particularly discloses a method for preparing cold cut type non-dairy creamer. The method comprises the following steps: cocoa butter substitute, sodium caseinate and maltodextrin are used as raw materials, the cocoa butter substitute is placed into an oil pan to be melted, monoglyceride fatty acid ester and stearoyl sodium lactate are added into the cocoa butter substitute, and the mixture is uniformly stirred to obtain an oil phase; casein sodium, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and sodium tripolyphosphate are dissolved in deionized water, and the mixture becomes pappy liquid through a colloid mill; the pappy liquid and the oil phase are sequentially added into the maltodextrin for uniform stirring, after being homogenized, the feed liquid is pumped into a drying tower for spray drying so as to obtain a finished product. The non-dairy creamer is simple in process, short in production period, stable in seasonal characters and good in low-temperature dissolution effect, can be easily dissolved in cold water, can effectively expand the application fields of non-dairy creamer, and opens up new food sources for cold food and cold beverage industries.

The invention discloses a semen cassia and lycium barbarum oral liquid and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of health drinks. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, weighing semen cassia, adding pure water to soak for one hour, adding casein sodium, pulping, and filtering until no precipitate is left, thereby obtaining semen cassia raw stock; weighing dried lycium barbarum, adding pure water to soak for 12 hours, adding casein sodium and soya bean lecithin, pulping, and filtering until no precipitate is left, thereby obtaining lycium barbarum raw stock; putting the semen cassia raw stock and the lycium barbarum raw stock into a pulp homogenizer and adding xanthan gum for homogenization treatment; sterilizing the homogenized solution, and filling, thereby obtaining the semen cassia and lycium barbarum oral liquid. The extraction rate of active components in semen cassia and lycium barbarum is high, and the oral liquid is good in health effect.

The invention discloses an antibody preservation solution. The antibody preservation solution is prepared from 2.3-3.5 parts of sodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.23-0.35 part of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 6-12 parts of sodium chloride, 5-15 parts of bovine serum albumin, 0.8-4.5 parts of casein sodium, 3-4.5 parts of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium, 5-15 parts of polyethylene glycol 4000,2-5 parts of glycerol, 1.5-4.5 parts of Tween-20, 0.5-1.5 parts of merthiolate sodium, 0.05-0.1 part of gentamicin and 900-1,000 parts of water; and the pH is 7.0-8.0. The invention further disclosesa preparation method of the antibody preservation solution. By means of the antibody preservation solution, the stability of various antibody molecules can be maintained, the bioactivity of antibodiescan be kept to the greatest extent, the shelf life of the antibody molecules is prolonged, and compared with a commonly-used phosphate buffer solution containing bovine serum albumin, the antibody preservation solution has obvious advantages.

Provided is a soybean protein material which shows high emulsion stability in the case where 30% by weight of sodium casein has been replaced with soybean protein. A sugar-containing soybean protein material is produced by mixing a soybean protein raw material with a reducing sugar and performing a heat treatment at a temperature higher than 100° C. and 170° C. or lower for 10 sec to 300 sec at pH 6.3 to 8.0, followed by a hydrolysis treatment. Further, a sugar-containing soybean protein material in which protein is contained in an amount of 80% by weight or more on a dry weight basis, the 0.22 M TCA solubility is 5% by weight or more, 180 μmol of more of sugar is bound per g of protein and the content of β-conglycinin in protein by the ELISA method is 35% or less, or a soybean protein material for a coffee whitener in which the 0.22 M TCA solubility is 15% by weight or more and 30% by weight or less, the protein solubility is 80% by weight or more, and the total content of β-conglycinin and glycinin by SDS-PAGE is 30% or less is used. By using these soybean protein materials having high emulsifiability, emulsions and foods and drinks can be obtained.

The invention relates to a preparation method of sustained-release anthocyanin micro-capsules, and belongs to the field of micro-capsules. The preparation method of the sustained-release anthocyanin micro-capsules comprises the following steps of performing fixation treatment on petal raw materials; adding warm water so as to be subjected to thermal insulation, adding phenylalanine, edible salt and citric acid, carrying out beating after dissolving so as to obtain pulp, and carrying out filter-pressing so as to obtain filtrate; dissolving modified starch, casein and maltodextrin in the filtrate, and carrying out spray-drying so as to obtain micro-capsules I; dissolving casein-sodium and vitamin C in the filtrate, wrapping the micro-capsules I with the solution so as to obtain micro-capsules II; dissolving sodium alginate in the filtrate, wrapping the micro-capsules II with the solution so as to obtain micro-capsules III; and then, dissolving sodium alginate and maltodextrin in water, wrapping the micro-capsules III with the solution, and carrying out drying so as to obtain finished products of the sustained-release anthocyanin micro-capsules. According to the preparation method ofthe sustained-release anthocyanin micro-capsules, pretreatment is carried out in advance during extraction process of anthocyanin so as to reduce degradation of the anthocyanins, so that stability isenhanced; moreover, multilayer-wrapping is performed on anthocyanin particulates by using different wall materials, so that the embedding rate is increased with sustained-release effects enhanced. Thus usability of the sustained-release anthocyanin micro-capsules in functional products can be improved so as to promote play of physiological function.

The invention belongs to the technical field of in vitro diagnosis reagents, and provides an enzyme dilution liquid, wherein 1000 mL of the enzyme dilution liquid comprise 2.5-3 g of disodium hydrogenphosphate, 0.25-0.35 g of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.9-1.1 g of 4-aminoantipyrine, 0.9-1.1 g of paracetamol, 7.2-8.8 g of sodium chloride, 9-11 g of casein sodium, 0.018-0.022 g of carmine red, 9.5-10.5 mL of Tween 20, 49-51 mL of newborn bovine serum, 0.95-1.05 mL of Proclin300, 9.5-10.5 mL of Triton X-100, and the balance of purified water for in vitro diagnosis reagents. According to the present invention, with the enzyme dilution liquid, the technical problems of poor stability and low immunological activity of the enzyme-labeled antibody in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reagent can be solved.

The invention relates to a slow aromatic polyelectrolyte microcapsule with casein-sodium alginate serving as compound wall materials and a preparation method of the microcapsule. At present, public reporting of research of the slow aromatic polyelectrolyte microcapsule with casein and sodium alginate serving as the wall materials and essence serving as a core material is rarely seen. The casein is added into water solution containing acid media, and essence powder is added after the casein is dissolved to obtain casein / essence mixed liquid A. Sodium alginate dissolving liquid B is prepared, the casein / essence mixed liquid A is stirred, and the sodium alginate dissolving liquid B is dripped to obtain the essence loaded slow aromatic casein-sodium composite microcapsule. The essence loaded slow aromatic casein-sodium composite microcapsule is obtained by a composite coagulation method and applied to the field of coatings, textiles and the like, practicability and additional values of products can be improved, the particle size of the slow aromatic microcapsule ranges from nano level to micron level, and the essence can be effectively coated, so that lasting slow aromatic effects are achieved.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a casein sodium-polyglyceryl fatty acid ester complex and relates to the technical field of food processing. The preparation method of the casein sodium-polyglyceryl fatty acid ester complex comprises the following steps: mixing and stirring casein sodium, polyglyceryl fatty acid ester and water to form the casein sodium-polyglycerylfatty acid ester complex. Through interaction between polyglyceryl fatty acid ester and casein sodium, the surface hydrophilicity of a casein sodium emulsion is changed, so that the stability of the casein sodium emulsion is enhanced.

The invention relates to a preparation method of avocado powdered oil. The avocado powdered oil is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 24-26 parts of avocado oil, 62-64 parts of corn glucose syrup, 1.8-2.0 parts of casein sodium, 1.0-1.2 parts of monoglyceryl ester, 0.6-0.8 part of sodium stearoyl lactylate, 1.2-1.4 parts of dipotassium phosphate, 0.2-0.3 part of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.2-0.4 part of sodium hexametaphosphate, 2.8-3.0 parts of avocado proteins, and 2.6-2.8 parts of skimmed milk powder. The technological process is implemented through the steps of mixing A liquid (avocado oil + monoglyceryl ester), B liquid (corn glucose syrup + skimmed milk powder + sodium stearoyl lactylate + dipotassium phosphate) and C liquid (sodium tripolyphosphate + sodium hexametaphosphate + avocado proteins + casein sodium), blending, homogenizing, spray drying, and packaging finished products. The method disclosed by the invention is high in embedding rate, uniform in particle size of products, smooth in surface, good in thermal stability and storage stability of finished products, and long in shelf life.

The invention relates to a preparation method of cashew nut oil power grease. The cashew nut oil power grease is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28-30 parts of cashew nut oil, 60-62 parts of corn glucose syrup, 1.5-2.5 parts of casein sodium, 0.8-1.2 parts of monoglyceryl ester, 0.3-0.6 part of sodium stearoyl lactylate, 1-2 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.5 part of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.1-0.3 part of calgon, 1-3 parts of cashew nut egg white, and 1-3 parts of skim milk powder. The preparation method comprises the following technology processes: mixing, stirring, homogenizing, spray drying and packing a liquid A composed of an oil phase (the cashew nut oil and the monoglyceryl ester), a liquid B composed of the corn glucose syrup, the skim milk powder, the sodium stearoyl lactylate and the dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and a liquid C composed of the sodium tripolyphosphate, the calgon, the cashew nut egg white and the casein sodium so as to obtain a finished product. According to the preparation method provided by the invention, the embedding rate is high, the surface is smooth, the heat stability and the storage stability are obviously improved, and the shelf life is prolonged.

The invention relates to the technical field of food, in particular to a self-heating type hotpot meat dish and a preparation method thereof. The self-heating type hotpot meat dish is prepared from raw materials in parts by weight as follows: beef, chicken breast, oyster sauce, ground nutmeg, duck gizzard, pig gristle, Erjingtiao chili powder, Chinese prickly ash powder, pepper powder, shallot powder, ginger powder, edible salt, white sugar powder, starch, tenderizer, casein sodium and compound phosphate. Compared with the prior art, the self-heating type hotpot meat dish has the advantages that the problems of rotting, water and oil separation in the preservation process of meat dishes in meat dish bags of self-heating type hotpots can be solved effectively, the product quality can be guaranteed, and the self-heating type hotpot meat dish has the unique flavor.

The invention discloses a multifunctional antibody dilution solution and a preparation method thereof, and the multifunctional antibody dilution solution comprises, by weight, 1-3 parts of casein sodium, 0.1-0.5 part of gentamicin, 38-67 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 33-55 parts of sodium citrate, 11-21 parts of citric acid, 9-15 parts of p-aminobenzenesulfonamide, 7-18 parts of potassium chloride,6-13 parts of sodium chloride, 2-8 parts of cystine, 11-19 parts of sucrose, 0.3-1 part of sodium hydroxide, 0.1-0.6 part of bovine serum albumin, 0.1-0.7 part of goat IgG, 0.3-0.7 part of Tween 40,0.1-0.5 part of Proclin 300 and 200-400 parts of deionized water. The multifunctional antibody dilution solution is prepared by the synergistic action of the components. The multifunctional antibody dilution solution is simple in preparation method, and can provide good blocking and protection for an antibody so as to reduce the non-specific reaction and improve the stability of the antibody.

The invention provides a forage for black eel elver. The forage comprises 80-85 parts of fishmeal, 3-7 parts of alpha-starch, 3-7 parts of wheat flour, 1-3 parts of beer yeast, 0.5-1.5 parts of casein sodium, 0.5-1.5 parts of powdered liver, 1-4 parts of multiple vitamins for fish and 0.5-1.5 parts of mineral matters. The forage for black eel elver has the advantages of carrying of nutrient components suitable for black eel elver, balanced energy and proteins, and high forage conversion rate.

The invention provides a self diffusion composite bacteria microcapsule water purifying agent, including fermentation broth for microcapsules and composite bacteria, the composite bacteria is nitrifying bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus subtilis, the microcapsules comprise the ingredients, by weight: 1.5 %o -2.5 %o of xanthan gum, 0.8 %o-1.2 %o of casein sodium, 0.9 %o -1.3 %o of gum arabic, 3 %o -5 %o Tween 80,8 %o -11 %o of poloxamer, 0.2 %o -0.5 %o of gelatin, 1 %o -1.5 %o of starch. The composite bacteria microcapsule water purifying agent is prepared by covering the composite bacteria with microcapsule so as to separate the composite bacteria from outside and improve bacteria activity, meanwhile, the composite microcapsule water purifying agent can dissolve in the water quickly, and distribute evenly, the multiple strains of bacteria can coordinate with each other so as to improve the purifying effect.

The invention discloses an extraction method of casein phosphopeptide. The extraction method comprises the following steps: (1) adding water into an enzymolysis tank, carrying out stirring under the condition that the temperature is 42-48 DEG C and the speed is 45-55 r / min, and adding casein sodium phosphate into the enzymolysis tank, thus obtaining casein sodium phosphate suspension; (2) adding compound protease for enzymolysis, thus obtaining casein phosphopeptide solution, wherein the compound protease is at least three of neutral protease, chymotrypsin, flavourzyme and papain, the enzymolysis conditions are as follows: the adding amount of the compound protease is 0.5-5 % of the mass of casein sodium phosphate, the pH is 6.8-7.2, the reaction temperature is 42-48 DEG C, the stirring speed is 45-55 r / min, and the reaction time is 4-6 h; and (3) carrying out high-speed centrifugal separation on the casein phosphopeptide solution and carrying out spray-drying sequentially, thus obtaining powdered casein phosphopeptide. According to the extraction method provided by the invention, a preparation process is simplified, the preparation difficulty and production cost of industrializedproduction are reduced, and the product casein phosphopeptide has relatively high calcium binding capacity.

The object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of hawthorn, gynostemma and wolfberry oral liquid for reducing blood fat, which is used to solve the problem of separate administration of hawthorn, gynostemma and wolfberry in the current market, and provide a blood fat-lowering health care product. The sodium caseinate in the present invention is used as a food additive, which has high safety and is generally approved to be used by countries all over the world. It has a hydrophilic group and a hydrophobic group. The water-transporting group is inserted into the fat-soluble active ingredient, and the hydrophilic group is exposed outside, so that the fat-soluble active ingredient can be dispersed in water and remain stable for a long time, so that hawthorn and Jiaogulan , The fat-soluble active ingredients in wolfberry are extracted into water, which is easy for human body to absorb, maximizing the blood fat and blood pressure lowering effects of hawthorn, gynostemma and wolfberry. In addition, the casein sodium emulsion in the present invention will not destroy its stability and functionality under high temperature sterilization at 120°C, which can ensure that the oral liquid will not deteriorate due to high temperature during the final sterilization and filling process.

The invention discloses an on-machine serum diluent for a chemiluminescence instrument and a preparation method of the on-machine serum diluent. The on-machine serum diluent contains the following components in parts by weight: 21-45 parts of dipotassium phosphate, 22-50 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 11-22 parts of sodium hydrogen carbonate, 11-19 parts of zinc sulfate, 15-31 parts of heparin sodium, 7-17 parts of sorbitol, 3-11 parts of glycine, 3-7 parts of polyoxyethylene, 4-9 parts of polyethylene glycol, 1-4 parts of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene (10) ether, 0.1-0.4 part of casein sodium, 0.2-0.6 part of gentamicin, 0.1-0.4 part of sodium azide and 80-180 parts of deionized water. The on-machine serum diluent for the chemiluminescence instrument is prepared by virtue of the synergistic effect among the components, can be used for effectively diluting a serum sample and can be rapidly and uniformly mixed with serum, a detection result is not interfered, and the nonspecificadsorption can be reduced.

The invention discloses novel styptic powder for external use, and relates to the field of medicine. The novel styptic powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of rhizoma bletillae, 3-6 parts of herba taraxaci, 2-4 parts of flos chrysanthemi indici, 1-2 parts of herba artemisiae capillariae, 2-5 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 2-5 parts of flos lonicerae and 1-2 parts of sodium caseinate. According to the novel styptic powder for external use disclosed by the invention, active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicines with hemostatic, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects are extracted, and the powder is prepared by adopting a spray drying method, and the novel styptic powder has rapid hemostatic, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects on traumatic bleeding, the dosage is small, the hemostatic efficiency is high, and rapid healing of a wound is promoted.

The invention discloses a blueberry and cherry tomato beverage and a preparing method thereof and relates to the field of health beverages. The preparing method comprises the steps of weighing blueberries, soaking the blueberries in purified water for 1 h, adding casein sodium, conducting pulping, and conducting filtration till no sediment exists, so that primary blueberry pulp is obtained; weighing dried cherry tomatoes, soaking the dried cherry tomatoes in purified water for 12 h, adding casein sodium and soya bean lecithin, conducting pulping, and conducting filtration till no sediment exists, so that primary cherry tomato pulp is obtained; placing the primary blueberry pulp and the primary cherry tomato pulp into a pulp refiner, and adding xanthan gum for homogenization; conducting sterilization and filling on homogenized pulp to obtain the blueberry and cherry tomato beverage. The extraction rate of active ingredients in blueberry fruits and cherry tomatoes is high, and the health care effect of the product is good.

The invention discloses a natural environment-friendly modified casein glue and a preparation process thereof, aiming to provide a modified preparation using succinic anhydride as a raw material, starch and urea as auxiliary materials, and a trace amount of monoglyceride , calcium chloride, and sodium benzoate are natural environment-friendly modified casein glue prepared as auxiliary agents and a preparation method thereof; the modified preparation succinic anhydride used in the present invention has little side effects and remarkable modification effect, and succinylated casein carboxyl The content is significantly increased, and its solubility and other processing characteristics are significantly improved; acylated casein is used as raw material to prepare adhesives, avoiding the addition of chemical additives, significantly improving the environmental performance of casein adhesives, and satisfying people's health requirements for adhesives. Environmental protection requirements; the prepared casein adhesive has high viscosity and low stringiness, which can meet the industrial requirements for adhesive bonding; the preparation conditions of the modified casein adhesive are mild, the preparation process is simple, and the preparation process is easy to control. Industrialized production and promotion.

The invention provides a preparation process of high-protein sodium caseinate, which comprises the following steps: pumping fresh milk or a fresh milk-grade casein aqueous solution into a dissolving cylinder, adding crushed Qula, and dissolving with a sodium hydroxide solution; degreasing to obtain a skimmed milk solution; carrying out negative-pressure vacuumizing deodorization and ultrahigh-temperature instantaneous sterilization; carrying out acid precipitation by using an isoelectric precipitation method, and dehydrating by using a filter press; deblocking and granulating to prepare granular casein; conveying the granular casein to a conversion cylinder for conversion by using an airflow conveying device at the conversion temperature of 20 DEG C to 50 DEG C, continuously adding a sodium hydroxide solution for 2 minutes, stirring for 2 minutes, and repeating the steps until the pH value of the solution reaches 6.0 and the solution becomes colorless and transparent pasty liquid; and finally, carrying out coil sterilization and spray drying to obtain the high-protein yak qula casein sodium. The protein content of the sodium caseinate prepared by the preparation process is 93 g / 100 g and is far higher than that of the sodium caseinate prepared by the traditional process.

The invention discloses a Brucellosis detection card and a preparation method thereof and belongs to the technical field of Brucellosis detection. The Brucellosis detection card comprises 2-10 micro tubes, wherein the micro tubes contain antigen solutions and glass beads; and the antigen solutions are prepared from Brucellosis body fluid, carbolic acid, BSA, casein-sodium, eosine and normal saline. The invention further provides a preparation method of the detection card. The detection card disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, simple and convenient to operate and short in detection period, exogenous heating is not needed, the test results are easily judged, and the result determination is not influenced by subjective factors; and the detection result is convenient to store, and the detection card has extremely high popularization value.