50results about How to "Reduce SO3 generation rate" patented technology

In the step of sintering a compact that is finally to be a magnetostrictive element, when the temperature in a furnace is elevated, the atmosphere in the furnace is evacuated by a vacuum pump to keep the pressure in the furnace at negative pressure in a temperature range that allows thermal decomposition of hydride present in the compact to release hydrogen gas to accelerate release of hydrogen from the compact.

The invention relates to a pyrophosphoric acid bath for use in cyanogen-free copper-tin alloy plating that contains an additive (A) composed an amine derivative, an epihalohydrin and a glycidyl ether compound with ratios of epihalohydrin to glycidyl ether compound being 0.5-2 to 0.1-5 on mol basis, per 1 mol of the amine derivative, has a pH of 3 to 9, and optionally contains an additive (B) composed of an organic sulfonic acid and / or an organic sulfonic acid salt, and to a copper-tin alloy coating obtainable by using the bath. The invention provides a pyrophosphoric acid bath for use in copper-tin alloy plating of the cyanogen-free type utilizable on an industrial scale, particularly, capable of performing uniform treatment to exhibit low defective product generation rates even with the current density being incessantly changing between a high state and a low state, as a barrel plating method, and a copper-tin alloy coating obtainable by using the bath.

The gas-metal arc welding of metal-core wile electrodes in the pure Ar shielding gas for carbon steel, low alloy steel, and ferritic stainless steel is described. Such shielding gas provides several benefits not realized ??the gas-metal arc welding process with solid wires. When compared to standard argon / oxygen containing gas mixtures normally used for metal cored wires, these benefits include reduced silicate islands on the weld surface for improved weld appearance, reduced welding fume, and lower weld spatter, all of which provide easier clean-up after the welding operation. Benefits also include reduced arc penetration desirable for welding on thinner materials or handling poor joint fit-up. Lower voltage requirement further makes it possible to weld on thinner materials. Lower oxygen content in the weld deposits provide better toughness and easier welding in all-positions.

The invention relates to a pyrophosphoric acid bath for use in cyanogen-free copper-tin alloy plating that contains an additive (A) composed an amine derivative, an epihalohydrin and a glycidyl ether compound with ratios of epihalohydrin to glycidyl ether compound being 0.5–2 to 0.1–5 on mol basis, per 1 mol of the amine derivative, has a pH of 3 to 9, and optionally contains an additive (B) composed of an organic sulfonic acid and / or an organic sulfonic acid salt, and to a copper-tin alloy coating obtainable by using the bath. The invention provides a pyrophosphoric acid bath for use in copper-tin alloy plating of the cyanogen-free type utilizable on an industrial scale, particularly, capable of performing uniform treatment to exhibit low defective product generation rates even with the current density being incessantly changing between a high state and a low state, as a barrel plating method, and a copper-tin alloy coating obtainable by using the bath.

Disclosed is a far infrared drying apparatus, including: at least one far infrared drying unit, which is heated by an electric heating element and converts heat energy into far infrared rays, namely, electromagnetic wave energy: a support name for supporting the at least one far infrared driving unit; a moving device for moving the support frame; and a waveguide for guiding the far infrared rays over a long distance onto an object to be dried.

The present invention relates to the multifunctional urgent shutoff safety valve for preventing accidents such as gas explosion, fire, etc. in advance. It is installed at the gas supply path. The spool assembly run by earthquake accelerations in case of an earthquake of stronger than a fixed level shuts off the gas circulation path to stop gas supply, or the spool assembly shuts off the gas circulation path to stop gas supply when an excessive amount of gas is flowed out in a short time due to blowing-out of the rear end pipe of the present valve. In the configuration of the multifunctional urgent shutoff safety valve of the present invention, a permanent magnet, which is mounted on the upper end of the spool assembly installed at the valve room in the main body in the vertical state to pen and close the outlet port, is suspended apart from the bottom surface of the pendulum (acceleration sensor) at a fixed interval, when the valve outlet port is open. If earthquake accelerations of stronger than a fixed level are delivered to the multifunctional urgent shutoff safety valve of the present invention, the pendulum (acceleration sensor) swings or tilts increasing the distance from the spool assembly suspended on the lower surface of the pendulum, the spool assembly is dropped down on the valve seat, and the outlet port is closed thus preventing the flow of gas.

A transmitting device for transmitting data by means of wireless signals to at least one of a plurality of receiving devices via a channel shared by the plurality of receiving devices is provided. The transmitting device receives reception quality data from each of the plurality of receiving devices; determines future predicted values relating to the reception quality of the respective receiving devices on the basis of the one or plurality of sets of past reception quality data; and selects receiving devices and assigns transmission data to be transmitted to the selected receiving devices to the channel on the basis of the future predicted values. The rate of generation of reception data errors on the side of the receiving devices and data re-transmission rate due to data errors can be reduced, and the throughput can be improved.

A transmitting device for transmitting data by means of wireless signals to at least one of a plurality of receiving devices via a channel shared by the plurality of receiving devices is provided. The transmitting device receives reception quality data from each of the plurality of receiving devices; determines future predicted values relating to the reception quality of the respective receiving devices on the basis of the one or plurality of sets of past reception quality data; and selects receiving devices and assigns transmission data to be transmitted to the selected receiving devices to the channel on the basis of the future predicted values. The rate of generation of reception data errors on the side of the receiving devices and data re-transmission rate due to data errors can be reduced, and the throughput can be improved.

A sealing cover (10) is provided for closing an opening of an equipment case that accommodates electric equipment of a car. The electric equipment includes a circuit with an operation control portion for switching a main circuit from an operating state to a shutdown state in accordance with signals inputted to an input terminal thereof. The sealing cover (10) has a cover body (11) mounted on the equipment case to close the open part. An interlocking connector (35) is provided on the cover body (11) and is connected to the input terminal when the cover body (11) is mounted on the equipment case and disconnected from the input terminal when the cover body (11) is removed from the equipment case to switch the main body circuit from the operating state to the shutdown state.

In a fuel cell system utilizing fuel cells which generate electric power by a reaction between oxygen and hydrogen, the moisture content within a fuel cell is adjusted to be brought within an appropriate range by adjusting the operating current of the fuel cell. The total amount of electric power generated by the system is maintained at a required value by supplying / obtaining electric power to / from a secondary battery as required, or by utilizing a plurality of separately controlled fuel cells (or fuel cell stacks) and increasing or decreasing the electric power generated by another fuel cell or stack that is currently operating with an appropriate moisture content.

The method comprises the step of forming an interconnection trench 38 in an inter-layer insulation film 34, the step of forming an interconnection layer 44 of Cu as the main material in the interconnection trench 38, and the step of performing nitrogen-two-fluid processing of concurrently spraying pure water with ammonia and hydrogen solved in and nitrogen gas on the surface of the interconnection layer44 buried in the interconnection trench 38.

The present invention relates to the multifunctional urgent shutoff safety valve for preventing accidents such as gas explosion, fire, etc. in advance. It is installed at the gas supply path. The spool assembly run by earthquake accelerations in case of an earthquake of stronger than a fixed level shuts off the gas circulation path to stop gas supply, or the spool assembly shuts off the gas circulation path to stop gas supply when an excessive amount of gas is flowed out in a short time due to blowing-out of the rear end pipe of the present valve. In the configuration of the multifunctional urgent shutoff safety valve of the present invention, a permanent magnet, which is mounted on the upper end of the spool assembly installed at the valve room in the main body in the vertical state to pen and close the outlet port, is suspended apart from the bottom surface of the pendulum (acceleration sensor) at a fixed interval, when the valve outlet port is open. If earthquake accelerations of stronger than a fixed level are delivered to the multifunctional urgent shutoff safety valve of the present invention, the pendulum (acceleration sensor) swings or tilts increasing the distance from the spool assembly suspended on the lower surface of the pendulum, the spool assembly is dropped down on the valve seat, and the outlet port is closed thus preventing the flow of gas.

The present invention relates to a solid electrolyte capacitor having a small size, a high capacitance, a low ESR and an excellent LC value, which includes a jacketed capacitor element obtained by sequentially stacking a dielectric oxide film layer, a semiconductor layer and an electrically conducting layer on a surface of a valve-acting metal sintered body or electrically conducting oxide sintered body connected with an anode lead, wherein the thickness of the semiconductor layer in the vicinity of the anode lead-connection point on the sintered body face connected with an anode lead is 5 μm or less, and also relates to an electronic circuit and electronic device using the capacitor.

Provided are a semiconductor device including a fuse focus detector, a fabrication method thereof and a laser repair method. In a chip region, fuses may be formed at a first level. A fuse focus detector including first and second conductive layers may be formed in a scribe line region. The first conductive layer may be formed at the first level, while the second conductive layer may be formed at a different level. For a laser repair method, a target region may be divided into sub-regions. In one selected sub-region, the fuse focus detector may be laser scanned in a direction for a reflection light measurement providing information on a thickness of the fuse focus detector. Using the thickness information, a focus offset value of a fuse in the selected sub-region may be calculated. When the focus offset value is within an allowable range, fuse cutting may be performed.

Provided are a semiconductor device including a fuse focus detector, a fabrication method thereof and a laser repair method. In a chip region, fuses may be formed at a first level. A fuse focus detector including first and second conductive layers may be formed in a scribe line region. The first conductive layer may be formed at the first level, while the second conductive layer may be formed at a different level. For a laser repair method, a target region may be divided into sub-regions. In one selected sub-region, the fuse focus detector may be laser scanned in a direction for a reflection light measurement providing information on a thickness of the fuse focus detector. Using the thickness information, a focus offset value of a fuse in the selected sub-region may be calculated. When the focus offset value is within an allowable range, fuse cutting may be performed.

A combination of chemical agents reduces reductive stress by limiting the accumulation of high-energy electrons potentially available to the electron transport chain. A method of metabolic uncoupling therapy comprises: analyzing a specific physiologic process involving reductive stress; identifying a plurality of MUT agents that modulate metabolic pathways by influencing electron flux; and formulating a combination of MUT agents that limits the accumulation of high-energy electrons potentially available to the electron transport chain.

A coil-driving apparatus of an electro magnetic contactor is disclosed, which replaces the main units in an analog scheme with those in a digital scheme using a PWM controller of low power consumption to reduce the number of the analog components, minimize power consumption, and controls a constant voltage that flows on the coil by receiving the feedback current flowing on the coil, whereby error and defect generation rates are reduced, and deterioration and burning of components are prevented.