The invention discloses a supercritical liquid hydrogen storage system. The supercritical liquid hydrogen storage system includes a hydrogen processing section for processing hydrogen into supercritical liquid hydrogen, a supercritical hydrogen storage part, and a cooling part, wherein the supercritical hydrogen storage part is provided with a tank body for storing liquid hydrogen, and a cooling cover is arranged outside the tank body; the cooling part is provided with a cooling unit used for cooling the cooling cover; the supercritical hydrogen storage part comprises an outer tank, a first heat insulation layer, a vacuum cavity, the cooling cover, a second heat insulation layer and an inner tank sequentially arranged from outside to inside; the cooling part comprises a Stirling refrigerator, a temperature sensor and the cooling unit; the Stirling refrigerator is provided with a cold head, the temperature sensor is arranged in the cooling cover, and the temperature sensor is connectedwith the Stirling refrigerator; the cooling unit comprises a first cold conduction piece, a second cold conduction piece and a pulsating heat pipe; and the first cold conduction piece is connected with the cold head, the second cold conduction piece is connected with the cooling cover, one end of the pulsating heat pipe is connected with the first cold conduction piece, and the other end of the pulsating heat pipe is connected with the second cold conduction piece for achieving cold exchange between the cold head and the cooling cover.