The invention provides a compressed air energy storage system coupled with Kalina cycle, and belongs to the technical field of energy storage. The system comprises a double-layer storage tank and a Kalina cycle unit. The double-layer storage tank, a multi-stage cooler, a heat storage tank, a multi-stage heat regenerator, a C1 port and a D1 port are sequentially communicated to form a circulation loop, and an internal flowing medium is heat conduction oil; the heat conduction oil is heated by compressed air and then stored in the heat storage tank; the heat conduction oil heats the compressed air flowing through the multi-stage heat regenerator; and the heat conduction oil heats an ammonia water solution flowing through an evaporator by utilizing residual heat and flows back to the double-layer storage tank. A port B1, a separator, an ammonia expansion machine, an absorber, a condenser, a working medium pump, a port C2, a port D2 and a port A1 are sequentially communicated to form a circulation loop, an internal flowing medium is an ammonia water solution; and the ammonia expansion machine is used for expanding ammonia-rich steam from the separator to do work and pushing a second power generator to output electric power. Therefore, the energy storage capacity of the system can be effectively increased, heat loss in the energy storage process is reduced, and the energy storage efficiency is improved.