A refrigeration assisted adsorption type VOCs (volatile organic compounds) recovery device and recovery method belongs to the fields of energy utilization, resource recovery, environmental protection and the like. The device comprises a coarse filtration unit, a cooling unit, an absorption device, a fan, a vacuum pump and a branch diversion channel which are sequentially connected. The method comprises steps of coarse filtration, cooling for vapour removal and gas mixture cooling, adsorption, heating assisted vacuum desorption, cooling capacity recovery, exhausting and the like sequentially. The cooling unit comprises an evaporator, a compressor, a forced air cooling condenser, a liquid storage tank, a throttle valve and the like. The cooling unit is used for removing vapour in a gas mixture, and reducing the temperature of the gas mixture, so as to remarkably improve the subsequent absorption effect and prolong the service cycle of the absorption device. The recovery device is high in recovery efficiency, relatively low in cost, simple in structure, long in service life, and easy to control and operate, and is particularly suitable for recovery processing of low concentration VOCs, which are not suitable for condensation methods, in chemical engineering, automobile industry and other fields.