The present invention discloses a preparation method of a collagen fiber / silver chloride hybrid material. The method is mainly as follows: weighing 2-5 parts by weight of collagen fiber, adding into 200 parts by weight of a silver nitrate solution with the concentration of 2.5% to 4%, stirring for 4 hours, then standing for 12 hours; while stirring, slowly adding dropwise 100 parts by weight of a sodium chloride solution with the concentration of 3.5%, wherein the dropping rate of the sodium chloride solution is controlled in 0.5 drop / sec; after the dropwise addition is complete, standing for 5 minutes, then filtering by suction, and washing with water; and finally, drying in vacuum for 5 to 8 hours at a temperature of 60-80 DEG C to obtain the collagen fiber / silver chloride hybrid material. Through the method, the defects of being high in water absorption, hygroscopic, low in thermal stability, perishable, low in mechanical strength and the like of the collagen fiber can be improved, the antibacterial properties of the material can be greatly enhanced, the scope of application in industry can be broadened; the technology is simple, the reaction is carried out at room temperature in ordinary pressure, device requirements are not critical, and the method is suitable for mass production.