The invention discloses a digital laser explosion loading dynamic photoelastic experiment system, which comprises a laser, a beam expanding mirror, a field lens combination, a left 1 / 4 wave plate, a right 1 / 4 wave plate, an analyzer, an explosion loading device, an exploder, a digital high speed video camera and a computer. The laser sends out continuous line beams which are converted into circularly polarized light through the beam expanding mirror, a field mirror and the 1 / 4 wave plate to be illuminated on a test sample of the explosion loading device, the circularly polarized light are converged through the right 1 / 4 wave plate, the analyzer and the field mirror to be illuminated into a lens of the digital high speed video camera, and finally, the circularly polarized light is exploded by the exploder and shot by starting the digital high speed video camera to form an explosion loading image. The system record and analyze the broadcast information including process of stress saves in the test sample under explosion loads, stress time and space distribution and the like, an optical path is simple, requirements for experiment environment and experiment cost are low, period is short, precision is high, and continuous observation of the whole fracture process is achieved.