The invention discloses a preparation method of a peach tree fertilizer for improving a soil structure, wherein the preparation method includes the following steps: mixing fermented pig manure, a ryegrass powder, cunninghamia lanceolata charcoal, a sepiolite powder and pretreated kaolin, adding water to the water content of 45-65 wt%, and sending the mixture into a ball grinding machine, to obtaina preform material a; mixing sodium nitrate, calcium phosphate primary, potassium nitrate, diatomite, magnesium humate, iron hexaurea trinitrite and zinc humate, and stirring evenly, to obtain a preform material b; and mixing the preform material a and the preform material b evenly, adjusting the water content to 30-40 wt%, granulating, and drying, to obtain the peach tree fertilizer for improving the soil structure. According to the nutritional requirements of a growth period of peach trees, the peach tree fertilizer has balanced nutrition, has a certain ability to preserve water and fertilizers, can alleviate soil hardening, can effectively prevent the loss of soil and water nutrients, has good slow-release effect of nutrients, has high utilization rate, and can effectively reduce a condition of waste of the fertilizer.