The invention relates to an environment-friendly high temperature and salt resistant calcium modified natural polymer fluid loss reducer. Its technical solution is: it is made of the following components, by mass percentage: 20%-30% of modified starch, 3%-8% of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, 3%-5% of aluminum citrate, and 10% of superfine calcium carbonate %‑20%, the balance is water. Beneficial effects are: the present invention is aimed at the downhole complex situation of high-temperature deep well drilling, especially the brine layer, salt rock layer, salt-gypsum layer, and gypsum-mud layer. High temperature and salt-resistant calcium fluid loss reducer is the key to improving the wall-building ability of drilling fluid; the product prepared by the present invention has outstanding fluid loss reducing effect, strong wall-building, temperature resistance up to 150°C and above, salt resistance to saturation, Resistant to 0.5% CaCl 2 . The product has good compatibility with other treatment agents, is non-toxic and environmentally friendly, and can also be used as a protection material for drilling fluid oil and gas layers.