The invention discloses a method for modifying
biomass cracking oil to modified
biomass oil through esterification, etherification and quality-improvement. The method comprises the following: step one, according to the proportion that the
mass ratio of
biomass cracking oil to
benzyl chloride to alkaline solution to low-carbon
alcohol is 100 to 80-100 to 40-80 to 10-20; and the biomass
cracking oil, the low-carbon
alcohol, the
benzyl chloride and the alkaline solution are added into a reaction kettle, are heated at the temperature of between 90 and 110 DEG C to an infinite
reflux state and react for 5 to 8 hours. Step two, after the infinite
reflux reaction is finished, the mixture is cooled, condensed and layered; the lower layer is clear and transparent
aqueous solution;
black oil phase on the upper layer is separated, and is distilled under the condition that the temperature is 80 DEG C and the pressure is 10 kilopascal; low-carbon
alcohol and
water in oil phase are removed; the residual mixture is distilled under the condition that the temperature is between 130 and 150 DEG C and the pressure is 10 kilopascal; the unreacted
benzyl chloride is reclaimed to obtain a product of black
viscous liquid; and according to the proportion that the
mass ratio of the product to
ethanol is 3 to 1, the black
viscous liquid is diluted and dissolved to obtain the modified biomass oil of which the PH value is between 5 and 7, the density is between 1.0 and 1.1 g / cm<3>, the
water content is between 0.5 and 1.0 percent, the thermal value is between 25.0 and 35.0 kJ / g and the viscidity is between 135 and 150 mm<2> / s.