The invention discloses a sewage treatment system and technology combining separated type anaerobic membrane biology and a membrane distillation technology. The sewage treatment system comprises a water inlet pool, an anaerobic membrane bioreactor, a membrane distillation system, a water discharge pool and a programmable logic main control system, wherein the water inlet pool is connected to the anaerobic membrane bioreactor by virtue of a first water pipe; a water inlet pump is arranged on the first water pipe; the anaerobic membrane bioreactor is connected to the membrane distillation system by virtue of a second water pipe; the second water pipe is provided with a vacuum manometer and a peristaltic pump; the membrane distillation system is connected to the water discharge pool by virtue of a fifth pipe; and the programmable logic main control system is connected to the whole sewage treatment system in a controlling manner. According to the sewage treatment system and technology combining separated type anaerobic membrane biology and the membrane distillation technology, the problems that removal of organisms, phosphorus, nitrogen and the like in the discharged water of an existing anaerobic membrane bioreactor is not thorough, the national emission standard cannot be reached, and the energy consumption and cost for subsequent advanced treatment such as reverse osmosis are high are solved.