2297 results about "Volatile substance" patented technology

This invention relates to an improved process for the selective etching of TiN from silicon dioxide (quartz) and SiN surfaces commonly found in semiconductor deposition chambers equipment and tools. In the process, an SiO2 or SiN surface having TiN thereon is contacted with XeF2 in a contact zone to selectively convert the TiN to a volatile species and then the volatile species is removed from the contact zone. XeF2 can be preformed or formed in situ by reaction between Xe and a fluorine compound.

An electronic cigarette is provided in two or three sections. One section is a reusable barrel containing the electrical components, including a rechargeable battery and a heater or atomizer. Another section may include the atomizer and a replaceable and disposable cartridge having the desired volatile substance, such as nicotine, a medicament, and / or a flavoring agent.

Polyimide sulfone resins are provided with a glass transition temperature of from 200–350° C., residual volatile species concentration of less than 500 ppm and a total reactive end group concentration of less than about 120 milliequivalents / kilogram resin. The resins have high heat capability and good melt stability. Methods to prepare the said resins and articles made from the resins are also provided.

Methods for reducing and eliminating carbon dioxide from the emissions of solid fuel fired power plants, particularly coal fired power plants, and to sequester the carbon dioxide, typically by using existing equipment. In some embodiments, the methods involve pyrolyzing the solid fuel to remove volatile matter and using the volatile matter to produce hydrogen. Additionally, the methods may involve burning the solid fuel or pyrolized solid fuel at very fuel rich stoichiometric conditions. Sequestration may include the production of a carbon dioxide-containing solution and the pumping of the solution into the ground, particularly in areas high in limestone.

A system uses thermal solar energy coupled with microwaves and plasma for producing carbon monoxide (CO) and dihydrogen (H2) from carbonated compounds (biomass, domestic waste, sludge from waste water, fossil coal), wherein the obtained gaseous mixture yields, amongst others, hydrocarbon fuels (olefins, paraffin), esters, and alcohols via a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. In a first step the carbonated compounds are roasted and pyrolized to produce char and dry coal, and a mixture of superheated gases containing CO2, steam, tars and non-condensable volatile materials. The method includes in a second step, and from the pyrolyis products (char or coal, gas mixture), generating a syngas substantially containing a mixture of carbon monoxide and dihydrogen, the mixture being used in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis units. After the Fischer-Tropsch step, the synthesis products are separated in a distillation column after heating in solar furnaces of mixed furnaces (solar / microwave).

The present invention relates to a substance-supporting porous silica, wherein a porous silica supports a substance selected from the group consisting of menthols, volatile substances, thermal substances, plant polyphenols and organic colorants.

In one aspect, the inventive process comprises a process for pyrolyzing a hydrocarbon feedstock containing nonvolatiles in a regenerative pyrolysis reactor system. The inventive process comprises: (a) heating the nonvolatile-containing hydrocarbon feedstock upstream of a regenerative pyrolysis reactor system to a temperature sufficient to form a vapor phase that is essentially free of nonvolatiles and a liquid phase containing the nonvolatiles; (b) separating said vapor phase from said liquid phase; (c) feeding the separated vapor phase to the pyrolysis reactor system; and (d) converting the separated vapor phase in said pyrolysis reactor system to form a pyrolysis product.

A method and apparatus for controlling emission of fragrances into a given area such as a room or a region of a yard; and more particularly the creation of a desired atmosphere within the given area. In addition, the invention involves a volatile substance dispensing device (200) having mounted therein a plurality of reservoirs (31) storing a volatile substance, and a plurality of atomizer assemblies (34) for emitting volatile substances communicated thereto by the reservoirs (31). Preferably, a microcontroller (50) controls the emission of the volatile substances in accordance with preferred programs.

A desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (DAPCI) system delivers a primary ion beam composed of an inert, high velocity gas and solvent ions to a surface to effect desorption and ionization of both volatile and non-volatile species present on surfaces. A electrode having a tapered tip is connected to a high voltage power supply. The tapered tip projects outward from a capillary carrying a high-speed flow of gas. A vapor of a solvent is mixed into the annular gas flow surrounding the needle. The gaseous solvent vapor is ionized in close proximity to the tapered tip by virtue of the high voltage applied to the electrode. The high-speed flow of gas and solvent vapor ions extending outward from the capillary is directed toward a substrate on which an analyte of interest may have been deposited. The solvent vapor ions can blanket the surface of the analyte causing a static charge build up that facilitates ion desorption and additionally can provide positive ion adducts of the analyte freed from the substrate surface that can be directed toward an atmospheric intake of a mass spectrometer or other instrument capable of studying the analyte.

A coating composition which comprises (A) a resin having a glass transition temperature of 50 to 120 DEG C., a number average molecular weight of 2,000 to 100,000, a hydroxyl value of 50 to 150 mgKOH / g and an acid value of 1 to 25 mgKOH / g, which is produced by copolymerizing 10 to 90 percent by weight of (a) a (meth)acrylic acid ester of a C1 to C12 alkyl alcohol, 10 to 50 weight % of (b) a first polymerizable double bond-containing and hydroxyl group-containing monomer, 0.1 to 10 weight % of (c) a polymerizable double bond-containing and carboxyl group-containing monomer, 0 to 20 weight % of (d) styrene, 0 to 20 weight % of (e) acrylonitrile and 0 to 10 weight of (f) a second polymerizable double bond-containing monomer, (B) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a polyisocyanate compound having two or more unblocked isocyanate groups and / or blocked isocyanate groups in the molecule and an aminoplast resin, (C) a dispersing component of at least one inorganic oxide sol selected from the group consisting of an aluminum oxide sol, a silica sol, a zirconium oxide sol and an antimony oxide sol, wherein an amount of a nonvolatile matter of component (C) is 5 to 60 percent by weight based on a total amount of nonvolatile matter of resin (A), compound (B) and component (C). The coating composition provides cured films having excellent weathering resistance, light resistance, stain resistance, stain-removing property, chemical resistance, moisture resistance and appearance and is environmentally friendly and safe.

Embodiments of the present invention generally provide chamber components with enhanced thermal properties and methods of enhancing thermal properties of chamber components including bonding materials. One embodiment of the present invention provides a method for fabricating a composite structure. The method includes applying a bonding material to a first component, and converting the bonding material applied to the first component to an enhanced bonding layer by heating the bonding material to outgas volatile species from the bonding material. The outgassed volatile species accumulates to at least 0.05% in mass of the bonding material. The method further includes contacting a second component and the enhanced bonding layer to join the first and second components.

Volatile organic compound or other materials are produced in the thermoplastic manufacture of thermoplastic polyester beverage containers. Such materials can be eluted into beverages such as carbonated beverages, sparkling or still water from the polyester. Such thermoplastic polyester resins can be manufactured with a substituted cyclodextrin material that can prevent the formation of, or react with, and absorb volatile by-products during the formation of thermoplastic preforms or containers from the thermoplastic pellet or chip. Further, as the preform is blown into a polyester container, the active materials of the invention prevent the generation of additional undesirable volatile materials. Lastly, the scavenger material can act as a barrier that prevents transport of materials from the exterior of the container into the container contents.

A volatile material dispensing system with a dispenser for providing controlled release of a volatile material, the dispenser being attached to a display frame, and having at least one protrusion. Protrusions are disposed on a face of the frame to distance the membrane from a delicate surface. The system prevents and / or hinders concentration of volatile material gases that could harm a delicate surface and resists tipping from a substantially vertical position.

It is of the type of those which are connected to the electric mains by means of a plug (1), incorporates a single container (6) equipped with a body of two or more independent receptacles (8) which hold different liquid fragrances in which respective wicks (2) are immersed and a lid (9) which closes the body (7) and renders the receptacles (8) independent. The lid (9) comes with openings (10) in correspondence with the positions of the wicks (2) for the egress and vaporization of the fragrance by actuation of one or more resistance elements (3), located in opposition to said openings (10), by means of a manual pushbutton (4) or automatically in accordance with a pre-established program, diffusing the fragrances in a sequential or combined manner during predetermined intervals of time.

A pyrolyzer and method is provided for devolatizing coal and other volatile materials. The pyrolyzer has a pyrolyzer furnace housing having at least two screws laterally positioned adjacent and overlapping rotatably mounted within the furnace for moving volatile material through the pyrolyzer furnace housing. The screws have hollow drive shafts with a diverter inside for converging heated fluid to heat the volatile material moving through the pyrolyzer furnace housing. A combustion chamber combusts fuel to create heated exhaust gas for directing through the hollow drive shafts to heat the volatile material. The pyrolyzer furnace housing may have a double wall with a cavity between, capable of receiving heated fluid for further heating of volatile material moving through the pyrolyzer furnace housing.

The invention relates to a diffuser of multiple volatile substances (air freshener liquid, odour absorption formulae, bactericide active substances, insecticides, etc.) comprising two or more containers (2, 2′) placed with a symmetrical or approximately symmetrical arrangement about a central body (1) to which they are joined by corresponding supports (3, 3′) that constitute said central body (1). Each container (2, 2′) holding the air freshener liquid or the desired formulation is closed by an active substance diffuser body (4) that also acts as a stopper and prevents dripping. When the device is at rest only one of the containers is diffusing. To change the fragrance, simply turn the device automatically or manually so that the container that was emanating is in the opposite position with respect to the other container, which will then diffuse its active substance, its evaporation being regulated individually or globally.

A method of delivering a volatile material to the atmosphere in a continuous manner is disclosed. The method includes providing a delivery engine having a reservoir that includes a volatile material mixture. The volatile material mixture includes about 40% to about 100%, by total weight, of the volatile materials each having a vapor pressure at 25° C. of less than about 0.1 torr. The delivery system also includes a microporous membrane enclosing the reservoir, wherein the microporous membrane comprises an average pore size of about 0.01 to about 0.03 microns.

A method and apparatus for controlling emission of fragrances into a given area such as a room or a region of a yard; and more particularly the creation of a desired atmosphere within the given area. In addition, the invention involves a volatile substance dispensing device (200) having mounted therein a plurality of reservoirs (31) storing a volatile substance, and a plurality of atomizer assemblies (34) for emitting volatile substances communicated thereto by the reservoirs (31). Preferably, a microcontroller (50) controls the emission of the volatile substances in accordance with preferred programs.

A set of volatile markers are determined which are characteristic of a particular condition or disease, and which will be found in the exhaled breath of a person or odor from other parts of a body or from an entity. These markers are detected in the breath odor or gaseous emanations from the body or entity noninvasively using a volatile substance detector of sufficient sensitivity, such as an artificial olfactory system. The detected marker data is processed in an artificial neural network / fuzzy filter system with an algorithm that intelligently adapts to the individual body or entity and also optionally (if necessary) with a correction algorithm to eliminate environmental and other erroneous contributions to the markers. Any number of markers may be used, depending on how well they correlate with the condition and how accurate a result is desired, i.e. general screening or accurate diagnosis and monitoring.

A microcapsule which is able to stably retain a benefit agent such as a volatile substance for an extended period, and which is also suitable for encapsulating fragrances and the like. Such capsule encapsulates a mixture comprising a volatile substance, and an additive that has a higher melting point than the volatile substance and is able to undergo mutual dissolution with the volatile substance, wherein the mixture exhibits a melting point range, and a portion of, or all of, that melting point range falls within a range from −20 to 60° C. The present invention also relates to consumer products including cleaning and / or treatment compositions comprising such microcapsules, and processes of making and using same.

A system for the detection and analysis of at least one volatile substance in breath samples of a subject, including at least one source of infrared radiation adapted to the wavelength range of specific absorption peaks of said substances, a plurality of reflecting surfaces of said radiation adapted for collimation onto at least one detector providing a plurality of electrical output signals corresponding to the transmission of said radiation within wavelength intervals corresponding to said absorption peaks, at least one measuring cell including a mechanical support structure defining the position of said source, reflecting surfaces and detector, adapted to the reception and disposal of said breath sample, and exposing it to said radiation, at least one electronic signal processing unit with capacity to analyse said signals with respect to pre-programmed information concerning infrared absorption spectra of said substances. The response of the system being displayed or otherwise communicated, and perceived as essentially instantaneous.

Device and method for non-invasively monitoring asthma and other respiratory diseases, as well as non-respiratory diseases. The method includes collecting condensate from a subject's breath, testing the condensate to determine its acetic acid / acetate level or concentration, and evaluating these properties to determine the presence, absence or status of a respiratory or non-respiratory disease in the subject. The method may also include, prior to the testing step, standardizing the volatile substances that may be present within the condensate in a degassing or gas standardizing step. The device includes a mouthpiece apparatus configured to receive breath from a subject, a condensation apparatus to condense the subject's breath and produce a condensate, and a collection apparatus having a collection chamber containing means for testing the condensate to determine the acetic acid and / or acetate concentration. The device may also include a system for removing or standardizing the volatile substances that may be present with the condensate. The device and method may be utilized without condensing a subject's breath and collecting the same.

A dispenser for use with an air-treating composition to be emitted includes a base having a container support and a mounting surface separate from the container support. A container is coupled to the base container support and adapted to receive the air-treating composition, and a diffuser element is coupled to the base and positioned to disperse the air-treating composition from the container into the surrounding environment. A cover is adapted for attachment to the base mounting surface. The container support remains intact when the cover is removed therefrom. The cover may include a frame for holding one of a plurality of substrates carrying different images. In addition, the base may be formed of a plastic material while the cover is formed of a ceramic material.

A method for emitting or releasing volatile materials to the atmosphere is provided. More specifically, a method for delivering one or more volatile materials using a non-aerosol, non-energized volatile material delivery system via an evaporative surface device, without a source of heat, gas, or electrical current, are also provided.

A volatile matter sharing system includes a first stamp-charged coke oven, a second stamp-charged coke oven, a tunnel fluidly connecting the first stamp-charged coke oven to the second stamp-charged coke oven, and a control valve positioned in the tunnel for controlling fluid flow between the first stamp-charged coke oven and the second stamp-charged coke oven.