43 results about "Surface tension gradient" patented technology

A liquid drop emitter, a method of mixing a liquid, and a method of printing are provided. The liquid emitter includes a structure defining a chamber adapted to provide a liquid having an orifice through which a drop of the liquid can be emitted. A drop forming mechanism is operatively associated with the chamber. A mixing mechanism is associated with the chamber and is operable to create a surface tension gradient on the liquid provided by the chamber such that the liquid flows without being emitted from the chamber.

A system and method for processing a wafer includes applying a process to the wafer. The process being supported by a surface tension gradient device. A result of the process is monitored. The monitored result is output.

A method of forming an optical device comprises applying a laser beam to a target area of the surface so as to selectively heat material of the surface thereby to provide transfer of material due to a surface tension gradient, wherein the surface is such that, when liquid, parts of the surface at higher temperatures have a higher surface tension than adjacent parts of the surface at lower temperatures.

The invention relates to a process method for preparing laser aluminium-plated paper, comprising the steps as follows: OPP film or PET film is coated with a disjuncting layer which is coated with an imaging layer that is mould pressed with laser patterns; the mould pressing layer is coated with adhesive; the OPP film or the PET film is stripped and enwound by a stripping machine, thus obtaining a paper substrate containing the disjuncting layer, the imaging layer and the mould pressing layer; the paper substrate is directly plated with aluminium in vacuum and the aluminium is plated on the disjuncting coating layer; the aluminium-plated layer is coated with a waterborne environmental-protective profile coating protection layer; the laser aluminium-plated paper is obtained by moisture reobtaining and resolved shearing; the process of the invention reasonably chooses resin solvent and adhesive on the basis of a plurality of tests, simultaneously, the process of the invention utilizes suitable tenacity endowed by the molecular structure when the resin and the adhesive are in a coating state, and the performance of the adhesion to optimize the proportion according to the principle of combined surface tension gradient distribution between layers, thus forming the coating layer with high blare, good film-forming performance, environmental-protection and excellent printing performance and good alkali solution permeability simultaneously.

A polymerase chain reaction apparatus includes: a substrate; a high-temperature sidewall erected on the substrate; a low-temperature sidewall erected on the substrate and facing the high-temperature sidewall; and a reaction chamber consisting of the substrate, the high-temperature sidewall, and the low-temperature sidewall, wherein a sample contained in the reaction chamber is repetitively thermal-circulated between the high-temperature sidewall and the low-temperature sidewall using Marangoni convection generated by a surface tension gradient resulting from a temperature difference in an interface between the sample and air. The PCR amplification can be automatically accomplished by surface tension flow generated by Marangoni convection resulting from a temperature difference in an interface between the sample and air when a temperature difference between the sidewalls of the chamber is maintained constant. As a result, it is possible to reduce power consumption, simplify the configuration of a temperature control circuit, and reduce the time for a cycle of amplification.

The invention discloses a carbon fiber composite material product and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of composite materials. The preparation method comprises the step of reasonably mixing 30%-60% of a carbon fiber reinforcement, 5%-15% of a foam core material and 35%-65% of an epoxy resin system, wherein the epoxy resin system comprises an epoxy resin curing system and a leveling agent, so that the surface tension of a composite material is regulated, the surface tension gradient is reduced, and bulges, recesses, flow lines or fine holes and other defects on the surface of the product, which are caused by different tensions, are improved; the foam core sandwich carbon fiber resin reinforcement composite material product is prepared through an RTM (resin transfer molding) molding process, the surface gloss is significantly improved, and the high gloss surface with good apparent quality is achieved.

Disclosed herein is a xerographic print comprising a substrate with a toner-based image printed thereon, the printed substrate including low surface tension portions having a surface tension of no more than about 22 mN / m at 25 Deg. C. resulting in a surface tension gradient field on the substrate, the printed substrate being coated with a coating comprising at least one surfactant and a film-forming polymer, the coating having a liquid phase surface tension at 25 Deg. C. not exceeding the surface tension of the low surface tension portions of the printed substrate by more than about 2 mN / m, the coating having substantially no pinholes and being sufficiently resistant to permeation by the fuser oil to exhibit an effective absence of haze 24 hours after application. A system and a method of applying a substantially pinhole-free and haze-free coating substantially immediately after print fusing also are disclosed.

The invention is related to methods and apparatus that manipulate droplets in a microfluidic environment. Advantageously, embodiments of the invention manipulate droplets by controlling the electro-wetting characteristics of a surface with light, thereby inducing a gradient in the surface tension of a droplet. The gradient in the surface tension propels the droplet by capillary force. A variety of operations, such as transporting, joining, cutting, and creating can be performed. Advantageously, embodiments of the invention obviate the need to create a relatively large and complex control electrode array. A plurality of photoconductive cells or a layer of a photoconductive material selectively couples an electrode carrying an electrical bias to otherwise floating conductive cells in response to a beam of light. The electrical bias applied to the conductive cell generates a localized electric field, which can change the contact angle of the droplet, thereby permitting the droplet to be propelled.

A substrate processing system includes a first, movable surface tension gradient device, a dicing device and a system controller. The first, movable surface tension gradient device is capable of supporting a first process within a first meniscus. The first meniscus being supported between the first surface tension gradient device and a first surface of the substrate. The first movable surface tension gradient device capable of being moved relative to the first surface of the substrate. The dicing device is oriented to a desired dicing location. The desired dicing location being encompassed by the meniscus. The system controller is coupled to the dicing device and the surface tension gradient device. The system controller includes a process recipe. A method for dicing a substrate is also described.

The invention discloses a wafer cleaning and drying device, which comprises a box body for cleaning a wafer, a supporting mechanism arranged in the box body and used for bearing the wafer and a spraying pipe arranged at the opening and used for spraying dry gas to the surface of the cleaned wafer, wherein the top of the box body is provided with an opening for the wafer to enter and exit from thebox body; and the supporting mechanism can ascend and descend. According to the wafer cleaning and drying device, the spraying pipe is arranged at the opening of the box body, and the spraying pipe isused for spraying dry gas to the cleaned wafer to dry the surface of the wafer. What can be understood is that the mode utilizes the Marangoni effect, that is, the surface tension gradient differenceis utilized to remove water attached to the surface of the wafer, and compared with the prior art that cleaning liquid on the surface of the wafer is spin-dried through centrifugal force, the wafer cleaning and drying device can effectively reduce water stain residues and prevent the number of particles of the whole wafer from exceeding the standard.

An ink retained in an ink transfer block is heated by a heating device correspondingly to information to be printed, thereby developing a surface tension gradient and interfacial tension gradient on the ink surface, and a fluidity caused by the surface tension gradient and / or interfacial tension gradient of the ink surface is utilized to have the ink fly from the ink transfer block, thereby printing the information on a print receptor, the heating device having a heating velocity v (in K / s) which meets a requirement (Tb-Ti) / v>h2 / D where Tb is a boiling point of the ink in K; Ti is an initial temperature of the ink in K; h is the shortest distance between the surface of the heating means and ink surface in m; and D is a coefficient of thermal diffusion in m2 / s.

The invention discloses a proton exchange membrane fuel cell flow channel. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell flow channel comprises at least one branch flow channel, wherein a plurality of geometric partition structures with variable contact angles are arranged on the flow channel wall of each branch flow channel in the flow direction of gas and the water drainage direction, and the contact angles of the geometric partition structures with the variable contact angles are reduced sequentially from each branch flow channel inlet to the corresponding branch flow channel outlet. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell flow channel has the advantages of being simple in structure, easy to process and low in cost; due to the fact that the contact angle gradual change structures of different partition areas are arranged in the flow direction of the gas, the contact angles in each branch flow channel are reduced sequentially from the corresponding inlet to the corresponding outlet, the hydrophilicity gradually increases, and therefore surface tension gradients of water drops exist on each branch flow channel wall face, the transmission driving force of the water drops is increased in the decreasing direction of the contact angles of each branch flow channel, transmission of the water drops from the interior of each branch flow channel to the corresponding outlet, and water generated on a cathode can be fast drained to the corresponding outlet through each branch flow channel.

The invention provides a functional layer ink, a preparation method of a photoelectric device functional layer as well as a photoelectric device. The functional layer ink comprises a functional material, a main body solvent and a spreading regulator; the melting point of the spreading regulator is more than or equal to 15 DEG C; and the solubility of the functional material in the spreading regulator is more than or equal to 0.2 g. The melting point of the spreading regulator is more than or equal to 15 DEG C, the main body solvent in the functional layer ink is volatilized as the process goeson, and the temperature of the system is reduced or the dosage of the main body solvent in the system is not enough to maintain that the spreading regulator continuously exists in the liquid state inthe volatilization process, so the residual spreading regulator is coagulated, the spreading diameter of printing liquid drops is effectively controlled, and the color mixing phenomenon caused by thefact that ink in the adjacent sub-pixels is mixed can be avoided when the photoelectric device adopts a light-emitting device; moreover, the functional material dissolved in the ink is hindered by the coagulated spreading regulator and cannot migrate towards the edge under the gradient difference of a surface tension, so that the generation of a coffee ring is avoided.

The invention discloses a gradient function coating with surface tension changed in a gradient way, and the gradient function coating comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5%-20% of polystyrene-b-polymethacrylic acid amphiphilic block polymers, 5%-35% of hydrophobic resin, 5%-40% of hydrophilic resin, 30%-80% of solvents, 0%-8% of pigment fillers and 0%-5% of auxiliary agents. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the gradient function coating. The gradient function coating with the surface tension changed in the gradient way, which is disclosed by the invention, is prepared under the condition that a synthetic process is simplified and the synthetic cost is reduced as far as possible by synthesizing a gradient copolymer, the hydrophilic resin and the hydrophobic resin and reasonably proportioning various coating components.

A progressive liquid fill capacity indicator located inside a vapor diffusion membrane liquid reservoir that utilizes index refraction matching of liquid contact to components, dyes, and surface tension gradients. This fill capacity indicator is low cost and reliable. It enables users to visually assess readiness and remaining liquid capacity to deliver attraction, masking, and repulsion scent vapors from wearable and stationary devices to repel or attract mosquitos and arthropods.

A substrate processing system includes a first, movable surface tension gradient device, a dicing device and a system controller. The first, movable surface tension gradient device is capable of supporting a first process within a first meniscus. The first meniscus being supported between the first surface tension gradient device and a first surface of the substrate. The first movable surface tension gradient device capable of being moved relative to the first surface of the substrate. The dicing device is oriented to a desired dicing location. The desired dicing location being encompassed by the meniscus. The system controller is coupled to the dicing device and the surface tension gradient device. The system controller includes a process recipe. A method for dicing a substrate is also described. The method of dicing a substrate including placing a substrate in a substrate dicing system, forming a meniscus between a proximity head and a first surface of the substrate, dicing the substrate at a desired dicing location and simultaneously capturing any particles and contaminants generated by dicing the substrate within the meniscus, the meniscus including the desired dicing location and moving the meniscus in a desired dicing direction.

A number of thermal elements are used in a microfluidic device to move or manipulate nano-liter and pico-liter amounts of adsorbed fluid analytes and reagents on the device surface. All of the basic microfluidic operations of transport, merge, subdivide, separate, sort, remove, and capture are provided. A typical device embodiment has a flat or curved surface with the thermal elements located at or near the surface and arranged in any of a number of patterns that make possible specific manipulations of the adsorbed fluids on the surface. The thermal elements may be electrical resistive heaters or Peltier Effect junctions, and are activated by a series of electrical pulses from a control means. The heated or cooled thermal elements produce localized thermal gradients in the surface which in turn induce a surface tension gradient between the adsorbed fluid and the surface, making possible a variety of fluid manipulations on the surface.

The present invention discloses a photoelectric detector with a two-dimensional transition metal sulfide film nanoscroll, which is made by the following steps: firstly depositing ammonium tetrathiomolybdate on a silicon / silica substrate by a bubbling method, then growing monolayer disulphide on the surface of the substrate by a thermal decomposition method, afterwards putting a drop of ethanol solution gently on one side of the disulphide film, resulting in spontaneous curling of the disulphide film to form the nanoscroll helix structure since volatilization of the ethanol solution produces atemperature gradient and a surface tension gradient at interface contact, finally depositing gold electrodes on both sides of the nanoscroll by a thermal evaporator and connecting the gold electrodesat both sides by the nanoscroll to obtain the photoelectric detector based on the two-dimensional transition metal sulfide film nanoscroll (TMDC-NSs) helix structure. The photoelectric detector of thepresent invention has short photoresponse time, fast recovery time, good stability, low cost and controllability, large-scale production and great application value.

The invention discloses a magnetic liquid marble light control method, which comprises the following steps: coating water droplets with hydrophobic ferroferric oxide nanoparticles to obtain a magneticliquid marble, and placing the magnetic liquid marble on water surface; using a light source for a certain angle of irradiation on the surface of the liquid marble, causing the change in water surface tension under the photothermal effect of the ferroferric oxide nanoparticles, and promoting phototaxis movement of the magnetic liquid marble on the water surface; switching the phototaxis of the magnetic liquid marble by the illumination area of the light source, and controlling the movement speed by the illumination intensity and the incident angle. The operation is simple and has high flexibility, the direction and speed can be controlled, and switching of the positive and negative phototaxis of the magnetic liquid marble is realized without changing the composition or light source type.In addition, liquid evaporation and pollution of the magnetic liquid marble under the magnetic field effect in the transportation process are also effectively solved, and an effective solution is provided for the magnetic liquid marble as a liquid transport carrier.

The invention discloses an activator and an application of improving the depth of fusion of an aluminum alloy CMT welding head. The activator consists of SiO2, TiO2 and Cr2O3; and a layer of activatorcan be applied on an aluminum plate before aluminum alloy CMT is welded. When the activator is not applied on the surface of a welding line, liquid metal in the center of a molten pool flows from thebottom of the molten pool to the surface of the molten pool; and when the activator is applied on the surface of the welding line, the flow direction of the liquid metal is changed, the liquid metalflows from the surface of the molten pool to the bottom of the molten pool, and therefore, arc contraction can be caused, electromagnetic force can be increased, the surface tension gradient of the molten pool can be changed from a negative value to a positive value, so that the depth of fusion can be increased.

The invention discloses a device for cleaning water pollutants by using surface tension and application thereof. The device is characterized by comprising an activating agent release plate and a pollutant intercepting plate, which are symmetrically arranged in a length direction; a biological surface activating agent is filled in the activating agent release plate; a release microhole and a firstair pressure gauge are arranged on the inner side of the activating agent release plate; oil is filled in the pollutant intercepting plate; and an absorbing microhole, a second air pressure gauge anda solid pollutant salvaging net are arranged on the inner side of the pollutant intercepting plate. A sewage cleaning method comprises the following steps: the biological surface activating agent is dispersed on water to generate surface tension gradients to drive pollutants on the surface to move to a collecting area; under a synergistic effect of absorption by a bent liquid surface, the pollutants are centralized on an intercepting and collecting device, and liquid pollutants and solid pollutants are classified for collection to achieve the effect of removing the water pollutants; and the device has the advantages of high cleaning efficiency, simple structure, low energy consumption, solid-liquid separation of the pollutants in place, convenience to manufacture, portability and reliability.

The invention provides a method for controlling surface tension driven convection based on a driving temperature gradient method. A partial heating source is introduced into a fluid free surface in a liquid tank to carry out driving heating so as to weaken a temperature gradient of the fluid free surface; the size of the surface tension gradient is reduced by weakening the temperature gradient, so that the heat convection strength is effectively weakened. According to the method, the temperature gradient of the fluid free surface is actively controlled and the maximal vorticity strength of the heat convection under the same temperature condition is reduced by 30%, and convection is converted into stable convection; an external magnetic field does not need to be increased to control the convection and a new method is provided for controlling the surface tension driven convection.

A liquid drop emitter, a method of mixing a liquid, and a method of printing are provided. The liquid emitter includes a structure defining a chamber adapted to provide a liquid having an orifice through which a drop of the liquid can be emitted. A drop forming mechanism is operatively associated with the chamber. A mixing mechanism is associated with the chamber and is operable to create a surface tension gradient on the liquid provided by the chamber such that the liquid flows without being emitted from the chamber.

The invention discloses a base plate drying device and method. The base plate drying device comprises a cavity, a drying rod and sensors. The drying rod and the sensor are arranged at the top of the cavity. Liquid in which a base plate is immersed is arranged in the cavity. The drying rod dries the base plate which is separated from the liquid and comprises a first drying rod and a second drying rod which are arranged in parallel. A gap is formed between the first drying rod and the second drying rod. The sensors are arranged at one end or the two ends of the gap and are used for monitoring the position of the base plate which is separated from the liquid. According to the device, gas is sprayed to the surface of the base plate which is separated from the liquid through the drying rod, the surface tension gradient formed by changing of liquid film surface tension through the Marangoni effect is used for contracting a liquid film, drying is carried out on the surface of the base plate, base plate surface defects cannot be caused, and base plate yield is improved.

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing an ultra-thin polydimethylsiloxane film and a composite film thereof on the basis of a liquid interface suspension technology, belonging to the technical field of micro-nano manufacturing. The method can manufacture a polydimethylsiloxane film with a thickness of 100 nm to 25 [mu]m and the composite film thereof by utilizing a principle of mutualinsolubility of an oil phase / a water phase and the gradient action of the surface tension forces of two liquid phase interfaces; and the method does not need a harsh processing environment and expensive equipment, avoids limitations like complicated process, long cycle, poor flexibility, difficult film transfer operation and insusceptibility to realizing large-area film manufacturing for traditional thin polydimethylsiloxane film manufacturing, can realize rapid, flexible, highly-efficient, low-cost and large-area manufacturing of the thin polydimethylsiloxane film and the composite film thereof, and is expected to promote popularization and application of the thin polydimethylsiloxane film in the fields of materialogy, biology, sensors and the like.

The invention discloses a method for coating fire coal fly ash with nanoparticles, and belongs to the technical field of ash deposition prevention and control. According to surface tension gradient generated by component concentration difference generated by contact of coal-fired fly ash and nano-particles with different properties, the Marangoni effect is further caused, the movement direction of the nano-particles in the coal-fired fly ash is changed, the direction and strength of Marangoni convection are adjusted, rotational flow impact is carried out by oppositely and simultaneously spraying in the tangential direction of the high-temperature impinging stream reactor, so that the coal-fired fly ash is uniformly coated with the nano-particles. By adopting the method disclosed by the invention, the quality of a coating product can be enhanced, the structure and composition of the fly ash deposition layer are regulated and controlled by utilizing the Marangoni effect, further the viscosity of the coal-fired fly ash is effectively reduced, the deposition of the fly ash is inhibited, the influence of the formation and deposition of the fly ash on the overall system efficiency is reduced, and the method has great significance in prolonging the service life of a boiler, improving the power generation efficiency of the boiler and expanding the application field of fire coal.

The invention belongs to the technical field of robots, and particularly relates to an intelligent hydrogel robot capable of cruising and collecting plastic pollutants on the water surface and a preparation method of the robot. The intelligent hydrogel robot is completely composed of novel intelligent hydrogel formed by hydroxyethyl methacrylate and acrylic acid through photo-initiation polymerization, and the intelligent hydrogel robot is released to the surface of water-containing liquid. The intelligent hydrogel can autonomously generate surface tension gradient difference on the water surface, so that long-time autonomous cruising on the water surface is realized under the condition of no external energy supply. In addition, the swimming robot can collect plastic pollutants on the water surface through hydrophilic and hydrophobic interaction.