162 results about "Spatial density" patented technology

The invention discloses a clustering method based on mobile object spatiotemporal information trajectory subsections. The clustering method based on mobile object spatiotemporal information trajectory subsections comprises the steps that the three attributes of time, speed and direction are introduced, and a similarity calculation formula of the time, speed and direction is provided for analyzing an internal structure and an external structure of a mobile object trajectory; firstly, according to the space density of the trajectory, the trajectory is divided into a plurality of trajectory subsections, then the similarities of the trajectory subsections are judged by calculating differences of the trajectory subjections on the space, time, speed and direction, finally, trajectory subsections in a non-significant cluster are deleted or are merged into adjacent significant clusters on the basis of a first cluster result, and therefore an overall moving rule is displayed on the clustering spatial form. According to the clustering method based on the mobile object spatiotemporal information trajectory subsections, the clustering result is improved, higher application value is provided, a space quadtree is adopted to conduct indexing on the trajectory subsections, clustering efficiency is greatly improved under the environment of a large-scale trajectory number set, and trajectories can be effectively clustered.

A structure with an interconnection layer for redistribution of electrical connections includes a plurality of first electrical connections disposed on a substrate in a first arrangement. An insulating layer is disposed on the substrate over the first electrical connections. A plurality of second electrical connections is disposed on the insulating layer on a side of the insulating layer opposite the plurality of first electrical connections in a second arrangement. Each second electrical connection is electrically connected to a respective first electrical connection. An integrated circuit is disposed on the substrate and is electrically connected to the first electrical connections. The first electrical connections in the first arrangement have a greater spatial density than the second electrical connections in the second arrangement.

A method of making a micro-transfer printed system includes providing a source wafer having a plurality of micro-transfer printable source devices arranged at a source spatial density; providing an intermediate wafer having a plurality of micro-transfer printable intermediate supports arranged at an intermediate spatial density less than or equal to the source spatial density; providing a destination substrate; micro-transfer printing the source devices from the source wafer to the intermediate supports of the intermediate wafer with a source stamp having a plurality of posts at a source transfer density to make an intermediate device on each intermediate support; and micro-transfer printing the intermediate devices from the intermediate wafer to the destination substrate at a destination spatial density less than the source spatial density with an intermediate stamp having a plurality of posts at an intermediate transfer density less than the source transfer density.

The invention provides an urban intersection automatic identification method based on low precision space-time trajectory data, which reduces the cost for obtaining urban intersection and provides basic data and a reference method for future auto-drive and intelligent traffic. The method comprises following steps: first, performing pretreatment to the data according to the spatial density and time interval of the trajectory data; secondly, tracking and identifying turning processes of the trajectory and extracting turning point pairs where the change of course angle exceeds a turning angle threshold value and the time interval is less than a time threshold value in one turning process; then, obtaining clusters and cluster centers of the turning point pairs by means of growing cluster method based on distance and space; finally, classifying the turning point pair clusters based on a cluster method of local point connection and completing intersection automatic identification through analyzing the turning property and the number of center points of the cluster center points. The intersection identification accuracy by means of the method is 94.3%.

Applications that extend the basic concept of determining spatial relationships between images and generating a model allowing users to experience the images in a 3D environment are provided. One application is directed to the creation of documents that may be readily shared, viewed, and edited, wherein the documents include references to underlying content comprising a 3D environment and images positioned therein and captures connections between images. Another application relates to ranking images based on user viewing information, such as the number of users who have viewed an image and how long an image was viewed. Yet another application is directed to analyzing the spatial density of images within a 3D environment to determine points of user interest. A further application relates to using spatially indexed images to navigate between webpages and 3D environments.

Field Image Tomography (FIT) is a fundamental new theory for determining the three-dimensional (3D) spatial density distribution of field emitting sources. The field can be the intensity of any type of field including (i) Radio Frequency (RF) waves in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), (ii) Gamma radiation in SPECT / PET, and (iii) gravitational field of earth, moon, etc. FIT exploits the property that field intensity decreases with increasing radial distance from the field source and the field intensity distribution measured in an extended 3D volume space can be used to determine the 3D spatial density distribution of the emitting source elements. A method and apparatus are disclosed for MRI of target objects based on FIT. Spinning atomic nuclei of a target object in a magnetic field are excited by beaming a suitable Radio Frequency (RF) pulse. These excited nuclei emit RF radiation while returning to their normal state. The intensity or amplitude distribution of the RF emission field g is measured in a 3D volume space that may extend substantially along the radial direction around the emission source. g is related to the 3D tomography f through a system matrix H that depends on the MRI apparatus, and noise n through the vector equation g=Hf+n. This equation is solved to obtain the tomographic image f of the target object by a method that reduces the effect of noise.

A method and apparatus are disclosed for high-sensitivity Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT), and Positron Emission Tomography (PET). The apparatus includes a two-dimensional (2D) gamma detector array that, unlike a conventional SPECT machine, moves to different positions in a three-dimensional (3D) volume space near an emission source and records a data vector g which is a measure of gamma emission field. In particular, the 3D volume space in which emission data g is measured extends substantially along a radial direction r pointing away from the emission source, and unlike a conventional SPECT machine, each photon detector element in the 2D gamma detector array is provided with a very large collimator aperture. Data g is related to the 3D spatial density distribution f of the emission source, noise vector n, and a system matrix H of the SPECT / PET apparatus through the linear system of equations g=Hf+n. This equation is solved for f by a method that reduces the effect of noise.

The parameters of an optical code are optimized to achieve improved signal robustness, reliability, capacity and / or visual quality. An optimization program can determine spatial density, dot distance, dot size and signal component priority to optimize robustness. An optical code generator employs these parameters to produce an optical code at the desired spatial density and robustness. The optical code is merged into a host image, such as imagery, text and graphics of a package or label, or it may be printed by itself, e.g., on an otherwise blank label or carton. A great number of other features and arrangements are also detailed.

High temperature plasma raw material is added drop-wise, for example, and evaporated by irradiation with a laser beam. The laser beam passes through a discharge area between a pair of electrodes and irradiates the high temperature plasma raw material. Pulsed power is applied to the space between the electrodes in such a way that discharge current reaches a specified threshold value at a time when at least part of the evaporated material reaches the discharge channel. As a result, discharge starts between the electrodes, plasma is heated and excited and then EUV radiation is generated. The EUV radiation thus generated passes through a foil trap, is collected by EUV radiation collector optics and then extracted. The irradiation of the laser beam allows setting of the space density of the high temperature plasma raw material to a specified distribution and defining of the position of a discharge channel.

Field Image Tomography (FIT) is a fundamental new theory for determining the three-dimensional (3D) spatial density distribution of field emitting sources. The field can be the intensity of any type of field including (i) Radio Frequency (RF) waves in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), (ii) Gamma radiation in SPECT / PET, and (iii) gravitational field of earth, moon, etc. FIT exploits the property that field intensity decreases with increasing radial distance from the field source and the field intensity distribution measured in an extended 3D volume space can be used to determine the 3D spatial density distribution of the emitting source elements. A method and apparatus are disclosed for MRI of target objects based on FIT. Spinning atomic nuclei of a target object in a magnetic field are excited by beaming a suitable Radio Frequency (RF) pulse. These excited nuclei emit RF radiation while returning to their normal state. The intensity or amplitude distribution of the RF emission field g is measured in a 3D volume space that may extend substantially along the radial direction around the emission source. g is related to the 3D tomography f through a system matrix H that depends on the MRI apparatus, and noise n through the vector equation g=Hf+n. This equation is solved to obtain the tomographic image f of the target object by a method that reduces the effect of noise.

The invention relates to a method for carrying out online monitoring on an operating state of a transformer OLTC (on-load tap-changer) and belongs to the field of signal monitoring. The method comprises the following steps of: acquiring a mechanical vibrating signal of a box wall of a transformer in real time; carrying out phase space reconstruction on the vibrating signal x(t) by using a delay coordinate method; determining a designated area V of a reconstructed phase space; calculating density distribution of space phase points; calculating a correlation coefficient rho of a space density curve before and after the OLTC actuates; if the correlation coefficient rho is more than 0.8, judging that the operating state of the OLTC is normal; and if the correlation coefficient rho is less than 0.8, judging that the operating state of the OLTC is abnormal. By carrying out real-time monitoring on the vibrating signal in the actuating process of the OLTC, efficient and accurate judgment on the working state of the transformer OLTC can be implemented. The method can be widely used for the field of online monitoring and fault diagnosis of various transformer OLTCs.

A 3D-object detecting apparatus may include a detection-image creating device configured to detect a 3D object on an image-capture surface from an image captured by an image-capture device and to create a detection image in which a silhouette of only the 3D object is left; a density-map creating device configured to determine the 3D objects spatial densities at corresponding coordinate points in a coordinate plane on the basis of the detection image and mask images obtained for the corresponding coordinate points on the basis of virtual cuboids arranged for the corresponding coordinate points and to create a density map having pixels for the corresponding coordinate points such that the pixels have pixel values corresponding to the determined spatial densities; and a 3D-object position detecting device that detects the position of the 3D object as a representative point in a high-density region in the density map.

A liquid crystal display device minimizing touch inferiority and a press inferiority defects is provided. The device includes first and second substrates, a liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween, gap spacers between the first and second substrates for maintaining a cell gap, and pressure spacers between the first and second substrates configured to contact the first and second substrates when pressure is applied to the first or second substrate, wherein a spatial density of the gap spacers or a spatial density of the pressure spacers varies at different positions across the first and second substrates.

The invention relates to a method for predicting lightning motion by space density clustering. The method comprises the following steps of: processing automatic lightning monitoring data through a computer, establishing a clustering analysis database, combining a geographic information system (GIS) to establish an analysis platform, performing clustering analysis on lightning data at different moments by establishing a density clustering algorithm model, setting lightning data sample screening conditions in the database, describing basic parameters of lightning density to acquire lightning sample data according to a time sequence and classifying according to a time period; establishing a lightning data space position relationship table through lightning data points and distance values; determining position characteristic points of different lightning storms; and calculating motion direction and speed along with displacement change during time lapse according to the position characteristic points of the lightning storms, and predicting positions of lightning storms to be generated in the next time period. The invention has the advantages that: the method has novel conception, a method for processing the lightning data is advanced and reasonable, and the authenticity of the lightning motion can be reflected.

An exhaust gas processing method and an exhaust gas processing system for controlling the spatial density distribution of particulate matter in exhaust gas by utilizing corona discharge in exhaust gas containing floating particulate matter such as diesel engine exhaust gas to form a relatively particulate matter-rich area and a relatively particulate matter-lean area, and diving exhaust gas particulates to the former and the latter. An exhaust gas processing system (10) provided with a high-voltage electrode (12) and a low-voltage electrode (11), wherein exhaust gas G is allowed to flow between the facing high-voltage electrode (12) and low-voltage electrode (11), and a high voltage is applied to between the counter electrodes to generate corona discharge in the exhaust gas G, whereby floating particulate matter (20) in the exhaust gas G is charged, the spatial density distribution of the floating particulate matter in the exhaust gas is controlled by an electrostatic force between the counter electrodes, and the exhaust gas G is divided into a high-concentration exhaust gas Gb in the vicinity of the low-voltage electrode where a particulate matter concentration is relatively high and a low-concentration exhaust gas Ga in the vicinity of the high-voltage electrode where a particulate matter concentration is relatively low.

A method is herein presented to statistically combine multiple seismic attributes for generating a map of the spatial density of fractures. According to an embodiment a first step involves interpreting the formation of interest in 3D seismic volume first to create its time structure map. The second step is creating depth structure of the formation of interest from its time structure map. In this application geostatistical methods have been used for depth conversional, although other methods could be used instead. The third step is extraction of a number of attributes, such as phase, frequency and amplitudes, from the time structure map. The next step is to project the fracture density onto the top of the target formation. The final step is to combine these attributes using a statistical method known as Multi-variant non-linear regression to predict fracture density.

The invention is a method and apparatus for planarizing a wafer. Discrete measurements are taken across the surface of the wafer at a desired spatial density. The measurements may be generated using a flash lamp to reflect a light signal off the surface of the wafer with a spectrometer analyzing the reflected light. A plurality of probes may be used at different locations to shorten the time necessary for taking measurements across the full front surface of the wafer and for allowing a plurality of areas to be sampled substantially simultaneously. A control system receives the measurements and their corresponding locations. The control system is then able to analyze the data looking for areas or bands on the front surface of the wafer that need an increase or decrease in material removal rate. The control system is then able to adjust one or more planarization parameters to improve the process for the current wafer or for future wafers.

The parameters of an optical code are optimized to achieve improved signal robustness, reliability, capacity and / or visual quality. An optimization program can determine spatial density, dot distance, dot size and signal component priority to optimize robustness. An optical code generator employs these parameters to produce an optical code at the desired spatial density and robustness. The optical code is merged into a host image, such as imagery, text and graphics of a package or label, or it may be printed by itself, e.g., on an otherwise blank label or carton. A great number of other features and arrangements are also detailed.

Optical code signal components are generated and then transformed into signal bearing art that conveys machine readable data. The components of an optical code are optimized to achieve improved signal robustness, reliability, capacity and / or visual quality. An optimization program can determine spatial density, dot distance, dot size and signal component priority to optimize robustness. An optical code generator transforms tiles of an optical code or image embedded with the optical code into signal-bearing art using stipple, Voronoi, Delaunay or other graphic drawing methods so as to retain prioritized components of the optical code. The optical code is merged into a host image, such as imagery, text and graphics of a package or label, or it may be printed by itself, e.g., on an otherwise blank label or carton. A great number of other features and arrangements are also detailed.

The invention relates to a real-time wireless sensor network routing method supporting large-scale node application. A network is constructed by combining a core cluster head routing mechanism and a flat routing mechanism, so that routing is determined by frequency, and is independent of a specific node; a cooperative processing strategy and an energy balancing strategy are adopted between the nodes; the network is divided into grids according to the space density of the nodes, and an isolated point reduction optimization measure is adopted. According to the method, inter-network cluster-based routing signal interference is reduced, the problem of network disasters caused by routing node failures is solved, the reconstruction frequency of network clusters can be maximally reduced, the maintenance overhead of the clusters is reduced, and the response real-time performance of the whole network is improved.

A method for publishing vector map based on Internet includes redefining data structure of mass vector space data and adding type, profession, important stratification, space index and / or peripheral space density of culture features on mass space data structure; unblocking said data structure according to said relevant parameters then setting up a networked mathematical matrix based on longitude and latitude and calculating geographic data for each space as well as indexing space data to corresponding matrix for being stored.

A method of forming a pattern in at least one device layer in or on a substrate comprises: coating the device layer with a first photoresist layer; exposing the first photoresist using a first mask; developing the first photoresist layer to form a first pattern on the substrate; coating the substrate with a protection layer; treating the protection layer to cause a change therein where it is in contact with the first photoresist, to render the changed protection layer substantially immune to a subsequent exposure and / or developing step; coating the substrate with a second photoresist layer; exposing the second photoresist layer using a second mask; and developing the second photoresist layer to form a second pattern on the substrate without significantly affecting the first pattern in the first photoresist layer, wherein the first and second patterns together define interspersed features having a spatial frequency greater than that of the features defined in each of the first and second patterns separately. The process has particular utility in defining source, drain and fin features of finFET devices with a smaller feature size than otherwise achievable with the prevailing lithography tools.

The invention discloses an electron beam section measuring system of a high-current electron beam analysis meter. The electron beam section measuring system of the high-current electron beam analysis meter comprises a high-vacuum cavity body (101). A front port (101) is formed in the high-vacuum cavity body (101) and used for being connected with an external device. The high-vacuum cavity body (101) is installed in a transversely horizontal mode. The electron beam section measuring system further comprises a YAG supporting cylinder supporting and moving mechanism (301) and a YAG crystal detector (201). The YAG supporting cylinder supporting and moving mechanism (301) is located in the high-vacuum cavity body (101) and is used for supporting the YAG crystal detector (201); the YAG crystal detector (201) is used for detecting the spatial density distribution of an electron beam. The electron beam section measuring system can be connected with the transverse high-current electron beam analysis meter to measure the transmission character of the electron beam in the whole process under the condition of electromagnetic focusing and can also measure the optical performance of 20kV-100kV high-current electron beams.

The present invention discloses an apparatus and method for testing spray atomization performance. The apparatus consists of a mechanical part, a camera shooting part, a control part and an image processing part. The mechanical part is used for performing motion of a thin-layer chromatography silica gel plate driven by a stepper motor to achieve spray droplet collection; the camera shooting part is used for colleting the images of the spray droplets fallen to the thin-layer chromatography silica gel plate; the control part is used for controlling the entire apparatus in the testing process; the image processing part comprises a PC terminal and a piece of image processing software installed in the PC, and is used for processing and analyzing the images of the spray droplets on the thin-layer chromatography silica gel plate collected by the camera shooting part. The apparatus has the advantages of simpleness, low cost and easy operation; the image processing method can process the images to obtain particle size and distribution uniformity of the spray droplets, and achieve multiple real-time measurements; the test and analysis results are more reliable and credible; and measurement at multiple locations within the space at a time can analyze the spatial density distribution of the spray effect.

The invention discloses a preparation method for cross-linking waterborne polyurethane. The preparation method comprises the following steps that 1, polyester polyol and diisocyanate are mixed, then acatalyst of dibutyltin dilaurate is dropwise added, nitrogen is introduced, and reaction is carried out; 2, a hydrophilic chain extender is added for reaction, then a end-capping chain extender is added for reaction, and after a neutralizer is added for reaction, water is added for dispersing so as to obtain a waterborne polyurethane emulsion; and 3, a multi-double-bond castor oil solution is added into the waterborne polyurethane emulsion, an initiator is dropwise added, reaction is carried out, and after the reaction is finished, a solvent is removed so as to obtain the cross-linking waterborne polyurethane. According to the method, the waterborne polyurethane emulsion is firstly synthesized, then free radical copolymerization reaction is carried out on multi-double-bond castor oil andthe waterborne polyurethane, the multi-double-bond castor oil is connected into a waterborne polyurethane structure so as to form the cross-linking waterborne polyurethane with a spatial network structure, and therefore the mechanical performance of the cross-linking waterborne polyurethane is improved; and the spatial density inside a polymer is increased, so that the space is shrunk, water molecules are difficult to enter, and therefore the water resistance is improved.

The invention discloses a space personnel positioning device and a method based on a multi-depth camera, which utilizes a plurality of 3D intelligent depth cameras to work cooperatively to obtain 3D depth images of scenes in the space, and extracts human body objects after distortion correction and 3D depth image enhancement. Then, the depth histogram feature of the head-shoulder region and the spatial density feature of the head region are extracted according to the obtained human body target region. Combined with 2D image and 3D depth image of human head, the convex square similarity featureof head is used to judge whether the locating object is human or not. Then, the coordinates of the center point of the head and the height of the person are calculated by three-dimensional re-projection transformation. Finally, the positioning data of a plurality of depth cameras are weighted and fused and the final positioning information of the space personnel is determined. The invention has the advantages of strong real-time property, easy expansion, accurate data and no need of auxiliary positioning facilities, and has wide application value in the field of area monitoring, VR positioning and human-computer interaction.

A wireless communication system experience interference from other wireless communication networks. A method for designing wireless communication systems subject to interference is proposed based on a realistic interference model which accounts for the propagation effects introduced by the wireless environment (such as path loss, shadowing, and multipath fading), and for the spatial scattering of transmitters (using a Poisson field). The method accounts for tradeoffs between network parameters, such as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), interference-to-noise ratio (INR), path loss exponent, spatial density of the interferers, and error probability. Advantages of this method include: 1) a unified framework for designing a wireless system, subject to cumulative interference and noise, incorporating a wide range of performance metrics; and 2) a general application that covers a broad class of wireless communication systems and channel fading distributions.

A double-gate semiconductor device provides a high breakdown voltage allowing for a large excursion of the output voltage that is useful for power applications. The double-gate semiconductor device may be considered a double-gate device including a MOS gate and a junction gate, in which the bias of the junction gate may be a function of the gate voltage of the MOS gate. The breakdown voltage of the double-gate semiconductor device is the sum of the breakdown voltages of the MOS gate and the junction gate. Because an individual junction gate has an intrinsically high breakdown voltage, the breakdown voltage of the double-gate semiconductor device is greater than the breakdown voltage of an individual MOS gate. The double-gate semiconductor device provides improved RF capability in addition to operability at higher power levels as compared to conventional transistor devices. The double-gate semiconductor device may also be fabricated in a higher spatial density configuration such that a common implantation between the MOS gate and the junction gate is eliminated.