40 results about "Reversed electrodialysis" patented technology

Systems and methods for microbial processes of generating products such as electrical power, hydrogen gas and methane, are provided according to aspects of the present invention which include a reaction chamber having a wall defining an interior of the reaction chamber and an exterior of the reaction chamber; an anode at least partially contained within an anode compartment of the reaction chamber; a plurality of exoelectrogenic microorganisms disposed in the anode compartment; a cathode at least partially contained within a cathode compartment of the reaction chamber; a conductive conduit for electrons in electrical communication with the anode and the cathode; and a reverse electrodialysis stack comprising a plurality of plurality of alternating anion selective barriers and cation selective barriers disposed between the anode and the cathode defining one or more saline material compartments and one or more lower-saline material compartments.

A system or methodology for converting thermal energy obtained from solar thermal, photovoltaic, geothermal or industrial waste heat into electrical power is disclosed. The energy efficient way of transferring two steams of liquid solutions containing different concentrations of ionic species is disclosed. The combination of thermal gradient in addition to concentration gradient to improve efficiency, reduce or avoid fouling is disclosed. This invention describes a method of efficient ion migration from concentrated stream to dilute stream thereby improving DC power generation process. The utilization of solar thermal energy from solar collector or concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) generator system or solar thermal power generation (CSP) system provides the additional driving force for ions transport from concentrated stream to dilute stream, apart from the concentration grading to generating power. The thermal power is also used to bring back the diluted steam to original concentration in the reverse Electro dialysis system. The utilization of CPV process heat or solar or waste heat for bringing back the dilute stream into the concentrated stream for next operation of ions gradient power generation is also disclosed in this invention.

The invention discloses application of an ultrathin silicon nitride nanopore membrane in reverse electrodialysis power generation and a device. In the reverse electrodialysis power generation process,a high-concentration salt solution and a low-concentration salt solution form a concentration difference, so the cations in a high-concentration salt solution migrate into the low-concentration saltsolution through nanopores in a silicon nitride nanopore membrane by utilizing the cation selectivity of the silicon nitride nanopore membrane, and the cations directionally move to form an internal current; residual anions in the high-concentration saline solution are enriched on the surface of the anode electrode, the anode electrode and the anions are subjected to an oxidation reaction to loseelectrons, the electrons flow to the cathode electrode on the low-concentration saline solution side through an external circuit, and the cathode electrode obtains the electrons to be subjected to a reduction reaction to form a loop. According to the invention, the thickness and aperture of the silicon nitride film are selected from three aspects of ion selection performance, mechanical performance and processing difficulty of the ultrathin silicon nitride nanopore film, and high power generation efficiency can be obtained when the ultrathin silicon nitride nanopore film is applied to reverseelectrodialysis power generation.

An ionic air cooling device comprising a salinity differential heat engine using a heat pump as the primary heat source and the mechanism by which the temperature differential is achieved. A closed loop thermodynamic cycle which produces a high thermodynamic efficiency in heat to energy conversion with a low temperature differential between the high and low sides, in addition to a net ambient temperature cooling effect by directly or indirectly converting ambient temperature / environmental low grade heat to electricity or potential kinetic energy or mechanical work. An ionic air cooling device which uses a salinity differential heat engine in which the heat energy can be converted to kinetic or electrical energy by means of pressure retarded osmosis, pressurized gas through volume confinement, or reversed electro dialysis.

The invention relates to a continuous salt difference power generation device, which includes a dilution device, a reverse electrodialyzer, a forward osmosis device, a concentrated salt liquid tank and a light salt liquid tank; the concentrated salt liquid tank contains the concentrated salt liquid, and the light salt liquid tank contains Light salt solution, the concentration of the concentrated salt solution is greater than that of the light salt solution; the reverse electrodialyzer is provided with a cathode and an anode, and between the cathode and the anode are alternately arranged cation exchange membranes and anion exchange membranes and alternately distributed concentrated solution chambers and Dilute liquid chamber; a potential difference is formed between the cathode and anode of the reverse electrodialyzer; the concentrated salt solution circulates between the concentrated liquid chamber of the reverse electrodialyzer and the concentrated salt liquid tank, and the light salt solution is circulated in the reverse electrodialyzer Circulation between the light liquid chamber and the light salt liquid tank, the dilution device provides diluent to maintain the light salt solution at a low concentration, the forward osmosis device provides concentration to maintain the concentrated salt solution at a high concentration, and concentrates part of the light salt solution Used to replenish concentrated brine. The device of the invention can utilize the salt concentration difference to realize cycle continuous power generation, and has the characteristics of high power generation efficiency.

The invention provides a nano fluid power generation method, an electrolytic tank device and a nano porous membrane; the method comprises the following steps: 1, the nano porous membrane is prepared;2, the nano porous membrane prepared in the step 1 is fixed at the openings of two tank shells, wherein the tank shells have openings in the middle positions of the side surfaces, the two tank shellsare connected, an electrolyte solution and a colloidal solution are added into the tank shell on one side, and equal amount of pure water is added into the tank shell on the other side; and 3, same kinds of Ag / AgCl electrodes are placed on the left and right sides of the tank shells, a voltage source and an ampere meter are connected, and an external voltage is applied to form the electrolytic tank device for reverse electrodialysis. The nano fluid power generation efficiency is regulated and controlled based on the ion selective transmission mechanism of the colloidal particles and the nano porous membrane; and the advantages of being low in environmental pollution, low in production cost, high in application value, high in practicability and wide in application range can be achieved.

The invention provides a closed type reverse electrodialysis generation device based on asymmetric ion exchange membranes. A reverse electrodialysis module of the generation device comprises asymmetric zwitterion exchange membranes in alternative arrangement, the diffusion of the ion is convenient, the thickness of the membrane layer is comparatively small at the same time, so that the membrane resistance is effectively reduced; secondly, by adopting the carbon nano-tube / lithium manganate electrode which is free from combining with the cathode and anode chambers, a salinity gradient generationdevice is simplified; furthermore, the device further performs heat exchange process in the system while utilizing the waste heat, and the energy is saved when the waste heat is converted into the electric energy; the working liquid is recycled in the whole generation process, the consumption of the salt and the water is greatly saved. The generation method based on the generation device has theadvantages of being small in membrane resistance, small in concentration polarization phenomenon, and high in generation efficiency. Numerous problems in the prior art are solved, and the method and device have good application prospect in the salinity gradient generation field.

A reverse electrodialysis device, including an anode, a cathode, one or more single cells spaced apart from each other between the anode and the cathode, each single cell including a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane, and a shielding membrane disposed to define spaces between the anode and the single cell and / or between the cathode and the single cell. The cation exchange membrane and the shielding membrane include a porous polymer substrate and a polymer electrolyte incorporated into pores in the substrate.

The invention provides an application of an MXene membrane in reverse electrodialysis power generation, and the MXene membrane has a two-dimensional layered structure, wherein the thickness of the MXene membrane is 1-30 microns, and the single-layer spacing is 0.1-0.5nm. When the MXene membrane is applied in reverse electrodialysis power generation, a power generation system with higher membrane conductivity, stronger ion conductivity, larger ion exchange capacity, lower membrane resistance and stronger ion selectivity can be obtained, so that higher power generation efficiency is provided, and the maintenance time is long. Moreover, the MXene membrane is applied in the reverse electrodialysis power generation process, so the concentration and pH range of the concentrated salt solution andthe dilute salt solution can be expanded, high power generation efficiency can be ensured in the environments with small concentration difference, acidity and alkalinity, and the MXene membrane has agood application prospect in the field of reverse electrodialysis.

The invention relates to a method for separating glutamic acid and lactic acid from fermentation waste liquor by packed bed electrodialysis. The selectivity of an ion exchange resin packed in the light chamber of a packed bed electrodialysis membrane pile in a packed bed electrodialyzer is combined with the control on the pH value of the light chamber solution, so that the component to be separated firstly generates transfer and inter-membrane migration through the resin chain under the action of an electric field, thereby selectively separating the glutamic acid and lactic acid from the fermentation waste liquor. The packed bed electrodialyzer comprises a packed bed electrodialysis membrane pile, a liquid delivery pump (9), a flowmeter (10), a pressure meter (11), a temperature sensor (12), an on-line pH meter (13), an automatic acid or alkali feeder, a connecting pipeline and a liquid storage tank. The invention can solve the problem of low separation ratio in the conventional electrodialysis, and the problem that the ion exchange method needs batch operation and generates abundant acid / alkali waste liquor, and promotes the engineering application of new technology for separating glutamic acid and lactic acid from fermentation waste liquor.

The present disclosure relates to a technique for manufacturing a humidifying membrane including a hydrophobic thin film-coating layer having a nano-sized crack morphology pattern on the surface of an aromatic hydrocarbon-based polymer ion exchange membrane and applying the membrane to a reverse electrodialysis process. The humidifying membrane including a hydrophobic thin film-coating layer having a nano-sized crack morphology pattern on the surface of an aromatic hydrocarbon-based polymer ion exchange membrane, manufactured according to the present disclosure, embodies a low bulk resistance of the ion exchange membrane and significantly improves ion selectivity, thereby overcoming the trade-off relationship between membrane resistance and ion selectivity, and thus may be commercially available as an anion and cation exchange membrane of a reverse electrodialysis device.