210 results about "Nickel cadmium" patented technology

Amperage control of a power tool motor is provided by pulse width modulation of current from a power supply. The pulse width modulation may be varied according to the determined motor current and measured power supply voltage. The power supply preferably includes a battery, such a lithium ion or nickel cadmium.

This invention provides an annular stereoscopic-heating electronic cigarette with replaceable inner container, comprising: a cylindrical electronic cigarette body; the electronic cigarette body comprises a smoke-filtering member, an annual stereoscopic-heating member and a heat-controlling member; wherein: the annual stereoscopic-heating member comprises an annual stereoscopic-heating casing, and an openwork member for conducting heat. A nickel cadmium (Ni-Cd) heating coil is spirally wind around and firmly contacts the exterior surface of the open member. A replaceable shredded tobacco inner container is sleeved within the openwork member. The exterior of the Ni-Cd heating coil and the bottom of the openwork member are respectively wrapped around by an asbestos heat-insulating layer. A short-circuit contactor is set at the bottom of the annular stereoscopic-heating casing and connects to the Ni-Cd beating coil.

The invention discloses a method for surface modification of a hydrophobic polymer microporous membrane. The method comprises the steps of dissolving a pyrocatechol compound and a polyamine molecule in a solvent, and adjusting the mixture to be alkaline so as to obtain a modification solution; soaking the hydrophobic polymer microporous membrane in the modification solution to realize the surface modification of the hydrophobic polymer microporous membrane through reaction, wherein the structural formula of the pyrocatechol compound is shown by a formula I, and in the formula I, R is H, -CH3, -(CH2)nCOOH, -CHO or OH and n is an integer between 0 and 2. The microporous membrane modified by the method disclosed by the invention can be applied in the fields of diaphragms of positive and negative materials of lithium secondary batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, polymer batteries and the like, as well as separation membranes including reverse osmose membranes, micro-filtration membranes, nano-filtration membranes, ultrafiltration membranes, electrodialysis membranes, gas separation membranes and the like to improve the performances of materials and devices.

Methods of manufacturing a rechargeable power cell are described. Methods include providing a slurry, paste, or dry mixture of negative electrode materials having low toxicity and including dispersants to prevent the agglomeration of particles that may adversely affect the performance of power cells. The methods utilize semi-permeable sheets to separate the electrodes and minimize formation of dendrites; and further provide electrode specific electrolyte to achieve efficient electrochemistry and to further discourage dendritic growth in the cell. The negative electrode materials may be comprised of zinc and zinc compounds. Zinc and zinc compounds are notably less toxic than the cadmium used in nickel cadmium batteries. The described methods may utilize some production techniques employed in existing NiCad production lines. Thus, the methods described will find particular use in an already well-defined and mature manufacturing base.

A power supply unit with improved charge / discharge operation for use in distributed power supply system or electric vehicles. The power supply unit includes a storage battery comprising a plurality of circuits connected in series. Each of the plurality of circuits includes a first cell group and a second cell group connected in parallel. The first cell group includes lithium secondary cells or electrical double layer capacitors. The second cell group utilizes an electrolyzable electrolytic solution, or is capable of generating recombinable gas. The second cell group may include lead cells, nickel hydrogen cells, nickel cadmium cells and / or fuel cells. A charger / discharger is provided for controlling charge / discharge of the storage battery adapted to charge the storage battery up to a voltage at which the electrolytic solution of the second cell group is electrolyzed, or to a voltage at which the generated gas is recombined.

A process for extracting Ni, Mg and Co from the used NiH or NiCd battery includes such steps as immersing the positive electrodes of used NiH or NiCd batteries in sulfuric acid to obtain liquid extract, regulating pH=4.5-5.0, fractionating to transfer Mg and Co in the organic phase prepared from bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphonate mono-(2-ethylhexyl) ester and kerosene and to retain Ni in water phase, respectively washing Ni and Mg, and draining the Mg washing liquid from another outlet.

The invention discloses an acetone gas sensor based on alpha-Fe2O3 / SnO2 composite nano fibers (a gas sensitive material) and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of gas sensors. The sensor is in a side-heating structure, and is composed of a nickel-cadmium alloy heating wire, an alumina ceramic tube, a platinum wire, a gold electrode, and alpha-Fe2O3 / SnO2 composite nano fibers (a gas sensitive material). The composite nano fiber can catalyze volatile organic compounds, the oxidation activity of the material can be improved by the organic compounds, and thus the sensor sensitivity is greatly improved. Moreover the acetone gas molecules can be easily transported on the surface of the composite nano fibers, and the acetone gas molecules can be quickly absorbed and desorbed by the composite nano fibers, so the responding speed and recovering speed of the sensor are accelerated. The sensitivity of the acetone sensor made of alpha-Fe2O3 / SnO2 composite nano fibers with a mole ratio of Fe:Sn of 1:1 is greatly improved and is 3.6 times more sensitive than that of an acetone sensor made of SnO2 nano fibers, which are not combined with alpha-Fe2O3.

The invention relates to a portable wireless charger, particularly to the secondary batteries of the nickel-hydrogen batteries and nickel-cadmium batteries having the parallel-connected separated detection charging mode and series-connected combined discharging mode to achieve highest efficiency of power release. The present invention also provide a DC TO AC output control unit coupled with the power storing unit and converting a discharging current into an output power with a predetermined voltage level and a wireless power transmitter having stable high efficiency of the output power. Whereby the present invention provides the slim portable wireless charging platform for charging mobile devices with built-in wireless inductive receiver without electrical contacts to enhance ease of use and safety effect.

One problem with a sealed type nickel-metal hydride battery is that the high-rate discharge capability is inferior to that of a nickel-cadmium storage battery, because of a slow transfer rate of charges to the surface of a hydrogen storing alloy that is a negative electrode. Another problem is that the use of an alloy having excellent life characteristics takes much time for initial activation of battery characteristics. The invention provides a solution to the aforesaid problems by the provision of a sealed type nickel-metal hydride battery (1) improved in high-rate discharge capability and charge-discharge cycle characteristics. To this end, the invention is characterized by locating a 50 nm to 400 nm thick nickel-rich layer (11) on the surface of a hydrogen storing alloy powder, and locating the nickel-rich layer (11) as well on the surface of cracks (12) that open at the surface of alloy, and more preferably setting the mass saturation magnetization of the alloy powder at 2.5 to 9 emu / g and the content of magnetic nickel at 0.5 to 1.9 mmol per gram of the hydrogen storing alloy powder. A succession of hydrogen absorption step, alkali treatment step, product removal step, hydrogen desorption step and partial oxidization step by air are applied to the hydrogen storing alloy powder to obtain alloy powder, which is then used to obtain a battery having the aforesaid features. The invention is effectively applied to corrosion-resistant hydrogen storing alloys containing Er, Y and Yb.

A method for leaching mixed cathode and anode materials from waste nickel-cadmium batteries, which is introduced by the invention, comprises the following steps: placing the mixed cathode and anode materials separated from the waste nickel-cadmium batteries into a container which is resistant to pressure and sulfuric acid and nitric acid corrosion, sealing the container, pumping the sulfuric acid and nitric acid into the container and filling industrial pure oxygen to leach the mixed cathode and anode materials from the waste nickel-cadmium batteries. The leaching temperature is 20-100 DEG C; the leaching pressure is 0.05-0.5MPa; the initial concentration of the sulfuric acid for leaching is 1-5mol / L and that of the nitric acid is 5-20g / L; the leaching time is 1-5h; stirring is carried out at a speed of 30-100r / min in the process of leaching. The addition of the sulfuric acid is 101-200% of the theoretical consumption of the sulfuric acid leaching all the metals in the mixed cathode and anode materials added into the reaction container.

An alkaline polymer electrolyte membrane formed by mixing hydrophilic PVA, PECH and DMSO organic solvent possessing high mechanical strength and superior electrochemical stability, and with an ionic conductivity higher than 0.01 S / cm under normal temperature which may supersede the traditional PP / PE non-woven fabric separator and KOH electrolyte; in addition, the alkaline polymer electrolyte membrane shall be combined with a base material of glass fiber web, PE / PP porous film and Nylon porous film with thickness of 20 μm˜800 μm to obtain a composite solid-state alkaline polymer electrolyte membrane, which may be used as a separator membrane applicably inside a Zinc-air cell, a Nickel-hydrogen cell, a nickel-cadmium cell, a nickel-zinc cell, a fuel cell, a metal-air cell, a primary and secondary alkaline (Zn—MnO2) cells, and an alkaline capacitors.

The invention belongs to the field of gas sensors, and particularly relates to a NASICON-based mixed-potential type H2S sensor with a novel composite metallic oxide sensitive electrode. The NASICON-based mixed-potential type H2S sensor can be used for detecting poisoned gas in the atmospheric environment and consists of a nickel-cadmium alloy heater, an Al3O3 ceramic tube used as an insulating layer, an NASICON ion conductive layer, an Au reference electrode and the sensitive electrode consisting of Au and metallic oxide electrodes. Cobalt chromate doped with manganese is used as the sensitive electrode for the first time, the catalytic activity of the cobalt chromate in electrochemical reaction is increased owning to the manganese, the efficiency of electrode reaction at a three-phase boundary is improved, electron transfer rate is effectively increased, electrochemical reaction rate is greatly increased, and the purpose of increasing sensitivity is achieved. The sensitivity of the sensor using CoCr1.2Mn0.8O4 as the sensitive electrode is far higher than that of a sensor using CoCr2O4 without manganese as a sensitive electrode.

An improved solar powered LED-based lighting fixture providing substantial increases in the apparent light output compared to prior art solar powered LED-based lighting fixtures. This improvement in preferred embodiments results from the addition of inexpensive spherical lenses that create a large number of images of LED light sources, each image having substantially reduced brightness as compared to the real LED light source. These images with substantially reduced brightness result in beautiful patterns, that still appear very bright to a night time observer, because the LED source itself is in fact too bright to look at directly. In a preferred embodiment ten plastic 0.5-inch spherical lenses are positioned along the bottom edge of the cone at the bottom of lamp. Each of these spherical lenses creates multiple images of the single source LED, all nearly as bright as the source itself. As a result the perceived delivery of light intensity to an observer is multiplied by a factor of approximately 10 times. In other preferred embodiments, conventional primary cell alkaline batteries are used in place of rechargeable Nickel-Cadmium batteries, whereby the battery cost is cut in half and the energy storage capacity tripled. Applicant has discovered that the conventional primary cell alkaline batteries are safely and effectively recharged by the solar cell.

An In2O3-WO3 oxide semiconductor acetone sensor manufactured through an electrostatic-spinning technology, a preparation method and an application of the acetone sensor in detection of whether a person is suffered from diabetes. The invention belongs to the technical field of a gas sensor. The sensor is composed of: a commercially-available Al2O3 insulation ceramic tube of which an outer surface is provided with two annular golden electrodes; an In2O3-WO3 oxide semiconductor sensitive material which coats external surfaces of the annular golden electrodes and the Al2O3 insulation ceramic tube; and a nickel-cadmium alloy heating coil which passes through the interior of the Al2O3 insulation ceramic tube. The sensor has a good linearity on low-concentration acetone, which enables the In2O3-WO3 oxide semiconductor acetone sensor to be capable of being applied in non-invasive medicinal detection well and further to be capable of determining whether a tested person is suffered from diabetes through detection of content of the acetone in breath of the tested person.

The invention provides a leaching method of an anode material of a used nickel cadmium battery, which comprises the following steps: placing the anode material separated from the used nickel cadmium battery into a container resisting corrosion of sulfuric acid and nitric acid, then sealing the container, pumping the sulfuric acid and the nitric acid into the container, and introducing industrial pure oxygen to leach the anode material of the used nickel cadmium battery. The leaching temperature is 20-100 DEG C, the leaching pressure is 0.05-0.5 MPa, the leached sulfuric acid initial concentration is 1-5mol / L, the nitric acid initial concentration is 5-20g / L, the leaching time is 1-5h, the stirring is carried out during the leaching, and the stirring speed is 30-100r / min. The addition of the sulfuric acid is 101-200 percent of theoretical consumption of the sulfuric acid leached out of all metal in the anode material added in the reaction container.

The invention provides a Pd-SnO2 oxide semiconductor sensor for carbon monoxide prepared by utilizing a microwave assisted hydrothermal method and a preparation method thereof as well as application of the Pd-SnO2 oxide semiconductor sensor to detection of mine gas and carbon monoxide in the atmospheric environment, and belongs to the technical field of gas sensors. The sensor is composed of a commercially available Al2O3 insulating ceramic tube with two annular gold electrodes on the outer surface, Pd-SnO2 oxide semiconductor sensitive materials coating the outer surfaces of the annular gold electrodes and the Al2O3 insulating ceramic tube, and a nickel-cadmium alloy heating coil penetrating through the inner part of the Al2O3 insulating ceramic tube. The sensor has relatively good linearity degree on the carbon monoxide with relatively low concentration (100ppm), so that the Pd-SnO2 oxide semiconductor carbon monoxide sensor can be used for detecting the atmospheric environment and the mine gas very well, and furthermore, the mine safety and the environment safety can be judged by detecting the concentration of the carbon monoxide.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a Pd-doped SnO2-oxide-semiconductor CO sensor and application of the Pd-doped SnO2-oxide-semiconductor CO sensor to the detection of carbon monoxide concentration in mines and atmospheric environments and belongs to the technical field of gas sensors. The Pd-doped SnO2-oxide-semiconductor CO sensor comprises an Al2O3 insulating ceramic tube, a Pd-doped SnO2-oxide-semiconductor sensitive material and a nickel-cadmium-alloy heating coil, wherein the Al2O3 insulating ceramic tube is sold on the market and provided with 2 annular gold electrodes, the Pd-doped SnO2-oxide-semiconductor sensitive material coats the outer surfaces of the annular gold electrodes and the Al2O3 insulating ceramic tube, and the nickel-cadmium-alloy heating coil penetrates the Al2O3 insulating ceramic tube. The Pd-doped SnO2-oxide-semiconductor CO sensor has the advantages that the sensor has good linearity to low-concentration CO (with detection lower limit being 10ppm), so that the sensor can be well applied to the detection of CO in the atmospheric environments and mines, and mine safety and environment safety can be further judged by detecting the carbon monoxide concentration.

The invention discloses a charging method for nickel-hydrogen and nickel-cadmium cells, wherein the charging process of a cell is divided into N sections, threshold valves and limit values of which are determined; when the cell is charged, if the negative value increasing of the voltage occurs, whether the cell is normally charged is judged; if the charging is abnormal, the charging process is directly jumped to the N section and enters the trickle charge state; when the cell voltage corresponding to the limit value of any section is lower than the threshold value of the section, the charging process is directly jumped to the N section and enters the trickle charge state. The method and the device adopting the invention can quickly enter the charging protection state when the cells are abnormal, thereby achieving an aim of safe charging.

The invention discloses an intelligent charging pile of an electric vehicle storage battery, which belongs to the field of an intelligent charging and discharging device of a storage battery. The intelligent charging pile comprises a PLC (programmable logic controller) industrial control system inside a shell, wherein the electric vehicle storage battery is arranged outside the shell. The intelligent charging pile is characterized in that a wiring terminal, an intelligent rectifying and inverting module and the electric vehicle storage battery are orderly connected with one another through a lead; the control end of the intelligent rectifying and inverting module is connected with the PLC industrial control system; an alternating current contactor contact is arranged on an inlet lead; a charging inverting control switch is arranged on the lead between the intelligent rectifying and inverting module and the storage battery; the control ends of an alternating current contactor and the charging inverting control switch are connected to the PLC industrial control system; a touch screen is arranged at the data end of the PLC industrial control system; and a wiring terminal, the touch screen and a storage battery interface are arranged on the shell. The intelligent charging pile is suitable for various storage batteries, for example, a lead-acid storage battery, a maintenance-free storage battery, a nickel-cadmium accumulator and a lithium iron phosphate battery, can protect the electric vehicle storage battery, can be used for charging quickly and fully, and is high in safety performance, long in service life and simple to operate.

The invention discloses a method and a device for recovering cadmium and nickel from waste nickel cadmium cells and preparing the cadmium and the nickel into metal cadmium ingots and superfine nickel powder. The method is mainly characterized in that: firstly, the waste nickel cadmium cells are simply disassembled; secondly, the waste nickel cadmium cells are placed into a sealed high-temperature furnace, are distilled, condensed and recovered to obtain the metal cadmium ingots; thirdly, residual materials are leached out by a sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide system; fourthly, after iron removal for a leaching solution, P507 is used for extracting and separating the nickel and cobalt; and fifthly, hydrazine hydrate is used for reducing nickel raffinate, and the superfine nickel powder is prepared. The method can make the cadmium recovery rate in the waste nickel cadmium cells be more than 99.5 percent, the purity of the metal cadmium ingots be more than 99.9 percent, the recovery rate of the nickel be more than 97.5 percent, and the purity of nickel powder be more than 99.8 percent.

The invention provides a resource recycling production method of waste nickel cadmium batteries, relating to a physical separation method for the various components of the waste nickel cadmium battery, including a shell, an electrolyte, a positive plate, a negative electrode material and a negative electrode electricity collecting body perforated steel ribbon, and a recycling scheme of a pure electrode material obtained by separation; and the method provides a low-cost way for resource recycling production of the waste nickel cadmium battery. Concretely, all the components of the waste nickel cadmium battery are separated by the physical method at first, then the obtained positive plate and negative electrode powder are chemically treated to prepare new positive electrode material Ni(OH)2 and negative electrode material Cd(OH)2 of the nickel cadmium battery, and then the commercialized nickel cadmium battery production line is used for producing new nickel cadmium batteries.

An automatic variable speed charger of nickel- cadmium and nickel-hydrogen cell series type consists of shell for containing charging component, charging groove for laying cells to be charged, converter for converting AC to be DC to provide DC power for charging and providing reference voltage to charging control unit, time control unit for controlling on-off state of each independent switch, cell number and voltage detection unit for detecting cell voltage and cell number, voltage and current regulation unit for controlling charge voltage and charge current as well as charge time.

An In-Sn composite oxide semiconductor ethanol sensor prepared by a one-step hydrothermal method, a preparation method and an application of the ethanol sensor in detecting concentration of ethanol in drunk driving and an atmospheric environment are disclosed belong to the field of gas sensor technology. The sensor is composed of commercially available Al2O3 insulating ceramic tube with its outside surface carrying two annular gold electrodes, an In-Sn composite oxide semiconductor sensitive material which coats outside surfaces of the annular gold electrodes and the Al2O3 insulating ceramic tube, and a nickel-cadmium alloy heating coil which passes through the Al2O3 insulating ceramic tube. The sensor has good linearity to low concentration (lower limit of detection is 10 ppm) of ethanol. With the characteristics, the In-Sn composite oxide semiconductor ethanol sensor can be greatly applied in detecting alcohol in drunk driving and an atmospheric environment. And driver's driving safety and environmental safety can be further judged by detection of ethanol concentration.

Methods of manufacturing a rechargeable power cell are described. Methods include providing a slurry, paste, or dry mixture of negative electrode materials having low toxicity and including dispersants to prevent the agglomeration of particles that may adversely affect the performance of power cells. The methods utilize semi-permeable sheets to separate the electrodes and minimize formation of dendrites; and further provide electrode specific electrolyte to achieve efficient electrochemistry and to further discourage dendritic growth in the cell. The negative electrode materials may be comprised of zinc and zinc compounds. Zinc and zinc compounds are notably less toxic than the cadmium used in nickel cadmium batteries. The described methods may utilize some production techniques employed in existing NiCad production lines. Thus, the methods described will find particular use in an already well-defined and mature manufacturing base.

The diaphragm is a hot melted and rolled product from non-woven fabrics of nylon backing material in one, two or three layers. In total weight of raw fiber, nylon fiber is in 40-60 wt%, and hot melted composite fiber with dual constituents in low melting point is in 40-60 wt%; or, nylon fiber is in 40-60 wt%, hot melted composite fiber with dual constituents in low melting point is in 30-45 wt%, superfine vinylon fiber is in 10-15 wt%. The method includes steps: using different techniques prepares non-woven fabrics of nylon backing material in different structures; using hot rolling machine with three rollers rolls non-woven fabrics of nylon backing material in one, two or three layers. Features are: simple method, small investment easy of obtaining materials and low cost. The diaphragm is accorded with requirements of nickel cadmium SC cell: high capacitance 1500man-2000man, and discharging in 10C-15C high multiplying factors.

The invention provides an u-supported mesoporous structure In2O3 nano sensitive material based NO2 sensor, a preparation method and the application in detection of NO2 as in atmosphere environment, and belongs to the technical field of semiconductor oxide gas sensors. The NO2 sensor comprises an Al2O3 insulated ceramic tube substrate of which the outer surface is provided with two parallel annularand independent gold electrodes, Au-supported mesoporous structure based In2O3 nano sensitive materials which coat the outer surface of an Al2O3 insulted ceramic tube and the gold electrodes, and a nickel-cadmium alloy coil which is arranged in the Al2O3 insulated ceramic tube. According to the sensor, Au particles are supported on the In2O3 material with a mesoporous structure, so that the NO2 sensitivity is improved; the lower limit of the material detection is low, so that the application scope in NO2 content detection is wide; the sensor has the characteristics of being simple in synthesizing method, low in cost, small in size, and suitable for mass production.

Provided are a Co-Sn composite oxide ethyl alcohol sensor prepared through a one-step water heating method, a preparation method and an application of the Co-Sn composite oxide ethyl alcohol sensor in detecting ethyl alcohol concentration in drunken driving and the atmospheric environment, and belongs to the technical field of gas sensors. The sensor is composed of an Al2O3 insulation ceramic tube sold in the market, Co-Sn composite oxide sensitive materials and a nickel-cadmium heating coil, wherein the outer surface of the Al2O3 insulation ceramic tube is provided with two annular gold electrodes, the outer surfaces of the annular gold electrodes and the outer surface of the Al2O3 insulation ceramic tube are coated with the Co-Sn composite oxide sensitive materials, and the nickel-cadmium heating coil penetrates through the interior of the Al2O3 insulation ceramic tube. The sensor has good linearity on ethyl alcohol with low concentration (a lower limit of detection is 1 ppm), the Co-Sn composite oxide ethyl alcohol sensor can be well applied to alcohol detection in drunken driving and the atmospheric environment due to the characteristics, and then driver driving safety and environment safety can be judged by detecting the ethyl alcohol concentration.

The invention discloses an embedded NASICON-based H2 sensor with a compound metal oxide as a passivation reference electrode, and a preparation method of the embedded NASICON-based H2 sensor, belonging to the technical field of gas sensors. The sensor is composed of an Al2O3 ceramic tube used as an insulating layer, a nickel-cadmium alloy heating wire arranged inside the Al2O3 ceramic tube, a first NASICON ion conducting layer coated on the surface of the Al2O3 ceramic tube, a sensitive electrode prepared on the surface of the NASICON ion conducting layer, a second NASICON ion conducting layer coated on the sensitive electrode and the surface of the first NASICON ion conducting layer, and a passivation reference electrode prepared on the surface of the second NASICON ion conducting layer, wherein the sensitive electrode is made of a ring-shaped netted Au material, and the passivation reference electrode is composed of the ring-shaped netted Au material and a compound metal oxide electrode material CoCrxMn2-xO4 layer coated on the Au material. The sensor can be used for detecting the hydrogen concentration in atmosphere.

Methods of manufacturing a rechargeable power cell are described. Methods include providing a slurry, paste, or dry mixture of negative electrode materials having low toxicity and including dispersants to prevent the agglomeration of particles that may adversely affect the performance of power cells. The methods utilize semi-permeable sheets to separate the electrodes and minimize formation of dendrites; and further provide electrode specific electrolyte to achieve efficient electrochemistry and to further discourage dendritic growth in the cell. The negative electrode materials may be comprised of zinc and zinc compounds. Zinc and zinc compounds are notably less toxic than the cadmium used in nickel cadmium batteries. The described methods may utilize some production techniques employed in existing NiCad production lines. Thus, the methods described will find particular use in an already well-defined and mature manufacturing base.

Amperage control of a power tool motor is provided by pulse width modulation of current from a power supply. The pulse width modulation may be varied according to the determined motor current and measured power supply voltage. The power supply may include a battery such as lithium ion or nickel cadmium.