The invention belongs to an inorganic chemical synthesis method and in particular relates to a preparation method of a cobalt sulfide micro tube with hiberarchy structure; in the invention, water-soluble cobalt salt is used as a metal source, thioacetamide is used as a sulphur source, ethanediamine is used as metal chelating agent, and cetyl trimethylammonium bromide CTAB is used as a template agent, in a closed reactor, hydro-thermal reaction is carried out under a certain temperature condition, so as to synthesize the micron tube-like cobalt sulfide with the hiberarchy structure, the outer diameter of the tube is about 1.5micron, the thickness of the tube wall is about 400nm, the average length is about 15micron, the tube wall is a nanoscale hexagonal sheet, and the length and the thickness of the sheet are 90nm and 22nm respectively; the synthesis method has the advantages of cheap and easy-obtaining raw material, simple equipment, low reaction temperature and good process repeatability and overcomes the problem of environment pollution caused by organic solvent in the previous synthesis method; the obtained product has wide application prospect in the field of biology, catalysis and material science and the like.