The present invention relates to the technical field of rabies application, in particular to a rabies virus recombinant antigen and a preparation method and use thereof, including one of the following (a)-(c): (a), in the direction from the N-terminal to the C-terminal, including Such as amino acid sequence fragments N, G and P; (b), amino acid sequence fragments N, G and / or P in (a) have been substituted, deleted or added at least one or several amino acid recombinant antigens of rabies virus, and can be Inducing an immune response in a mammal against the rabies virus recombinant antigen; or (c), an amino acid sequence having homology to the amino acid sequence of the rabies virus recombinant antigen in (a), and eliciting a mammal against the rabies virus Immune response of recombinant antigens; the above-mentioned rabies virus recombinant antigens have antigenic epitopes with good antigenicity and non-specificity, and have the advantages of stability, safety, low culture cost and high efficiency compared with holovirus antigens.