124results about How to "Strong construction operability" patented technology

The invention relates to a construction method of a bearing frame of a corridor structure. The construction method is realized by adopting a platform-type structural steel combination force bearing platform, and erecting full scaffolds on the platform for supporting a template. According to the construction method disclosed by the invention, corbels which are arranged on a shear wall and columns in design and are specially used as structural steel holding points are utilized for erecting full load bearing frames. A platform-type template bearing system is provided with four layers of frame bodies in total, is formed by combining a template supporting load bearing system built at the first two layers and an operation and protection platform built at the next two layers, and is a novel innovative template supporting load bearing system with strong operability, higher safety and shorter construction period.

The invention relates to a construction method for filling and building a subgrade by using silty-fine sand as filling materials. The construction method comprises the following steps that (1) a railway subgrade bed is subjected to edge covering by adopting filling materials in groups A and B, concretely, the filling materials in groups A and B with the horizontal width being 2.0m are adopted for filling and building at the two sides of the subgrade body under the subgrade bed, the silty-fine sand is adopted for filling and building in the middle, and a crawler type bulldozer is adopted for compact compression; (2) the subgrade bed is filled and built by adopting modified soil or qualified filling materials in groups A and B. The construction method has the advantages that the silty-fine sand is reasonably utilized, the engineering manufacturing cost is reduced, the defect caused by the subgrade filling and building by the silty-fine sand is overcome, the construction operability is high, the large-area construction is convenient, and the construction progress requirements can be ensured.

The invention relates to a multifunctional anti-leakage shrinkage type concrete surface layer reinforcer which is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 10-20 percent of high polymer, 1-7 percent of film forming aided compound, 5-10 percent of surface layer active agent compound, 1-4 percent of leakage aided compound, 1.5-4.5 percent of active compound and the balance of water. The invention has good concrete surface layer enhancement effect, can obviously reduce the shrinkage of surface layer concrete, obviously improves the carbonization resistance and the medium leakage resistance of surface layer concrete, has convenient construction and obvious economic benefit and can be widely applied to the strengthening treatment operations on the surface layers of cement and concrete pouring components, concrete components under corrosion environment conditions such as piers, dams, and the like and deformed concrete components difficult to be strengthened by adopting a conventional method.

The invention relates to a support structure for preventing settlement deformation of tunnels and a construction method thereof. Long pipe shed method and center cross diagram method generally use constant section tunnel construction during excavation; owing to a triangular area soil body between pipe sheds and a primary support, the primary support fail to be attached to the long pipe sheds tightly, which is unfavorable for the stress of the long pipe sheds and primary support combination. The support structure comprises an annular permanent steel arch in a tunnel; the annular permanent steel arch is composed of a plurality of parallel multi-ring variable section units in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the longitudinal section being zigzag in shape; a temporary steel arch is arranged between sectional pilot tunnels; long pipe sheds are uniformly distributed on the top of the arch portion of the permanent steel arch; small grouting guide pipes are uniformly arranged on the outside of the two side walls of the permanent steel arch. A variable section mode is adopted in the longitudinal direction of tunnels, and the primary support can be tightly attached to the long pipe sheds; the primary support and the long pipe sheds are combined for support, thereby being capable of controlling settlement. The structure process is simple; the operation space is large; the support structure is in favor of mechanical construction and prevents the increase of construction cost.

The invention relates to a bi-component polyurethane adhesive as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The bi-component polyurethane adhesive comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the component A comprises a polyurethane prepolymer, a plasticizer and an inorganic filling material, and the polyurethane prepolymer comprises a plasticizer, two-functionality polyether polyol, three-functionality polyether polyol and diisocyanate; and the component B comprises an activated hydrogen curing agent, an inorganic filling material, a plasticizer, a thixotropic agent, a catalyst, an ultraviolet light stabilizer, a thermal oxygen stabilizer and an organosilicon adhesion accelerator. The bi-component polyurethane adhesive is prepared by evenly mixing the component A and the component B in a mass ratio of (0.8-1.2):(0.8-1.2). The bi-component polyurethane adhesive is applied to bonding between a mirror shell and lens of a spotlight type solar reflector; compared with the pavement mode in the prior art, in the invention, construction is easy, and the positions of the lens and the mirror shell are easy to regulate; and under the condition that variation of temperature is large, the bi-component polyurethane adhesive has good flexibility so that the lens have small possibility of cracking.

The invention relates to a high-altitude lifting construction method for an overweight steel truss of a transferring layer. The high-altitude lifting construction method comprises the following steps of: firstly paving tracks on the floor at the lifting area of the transferring layer, then using a crane to lift a rod piece of the steel truss onto the tracks paved on the floor in advance, then arranging a guide pulley block, sliding the rod piece of the steel truss to be in position by the tracks, finally utilizing the matching of the pulley block and the crane, lifting the rod piece of the steel truss to the installing position and finishing the assembling construction. The innovative construction technology has the advantages that the high-altitude lifting difficulty in hoisting of a transferring truss is successfully solved, and the smooth and safe completion of the lifting operation in shortest time can be ensured. The high-altitude lifting construction method overcomes the limit of lifting of a large-tonnage truck crane adopted in the prior art, is safer and more reliable, can shorten the construction period and save the cost and the like, can lay the foundation for successful completion of a main engineering and is an optimal construction scheme for high-altitude lifting of the similar overweight steel truss of the transferring layer.

The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials and specifically discloses binary system quick-drying thick-layer cement self-leveling mortar. The binary system quick-drying thick-layer cement self-leveling mortar is mainly composed of the following ingredients (by weight): 25-30% of ordinary Portland cement, 5-8% of sulfoaluminate cement, 1.5-3% of calcium oxide, 2-5% of fine sinking beads and 40-45% of dried river sand of 12-140 meshes, etc. According to the binary system quick-drying thick-layer cement self-leveling mortar, one-time construction thickness reaches 50 mm, existing ground artificial plaster can be directly replaced, construction speed is fast, construction period is greatly shortened, and flatness is high. After construction, the ground can be directly coated with floor paint, and wooden floorboards and PVC boards can be paved or large-sized flat bricks can be directly paved by the use of a glue for tiles by a thin-layer full adhesion method.

The invention belongs to the field of preparation of adhesives and relates to a bicomponent carbamide polyaspartate hard adhesive and a use method and application thereof. The adhesive is prepared from a main agent, i.e., a component A and a curing agent, i.e., a component B, wherein the component A is prepared from the ingredients in parts by weight: 80-95 parts of polyaspartate, 0.1-0.5 part of substrate humectant, 2-5 parts of oxazolidine water absorbent, 5-10 parts of plasticizer and 0.1-0.5 part of antifoamer; the component B and the component A are equal in equivalent proportioning ratio; the curing agent is prepared from an HDI trimer and a hydroxyl resin modified curing agent which are in the weight ratio of (10 to 30): (70 to 90). According to the bicomponent carbamide polyaspartate hard adhesive and the use method and application thereof, asphalt substrates and inorganic antiskidding aggregates can be excellently bound, and meanwhile, the problem that the existing polyurethane and epoxy materials are poor in ultraviolet aging resistance is solved; the bicomponent carbamide polyaspartate hard adhesive has good ultraviolet aging resistance; meanwhile, aspartate resin and this kind of curing agents are relatively high in curing rate, so that sufficient operating time and fast curing are ensured, and problems, temporary closure and opening of roads are solved.

The invention relates to a prefabricated laminated slab double-splicing type laminated shear wall and a construction method thereof. The prefabricated laminated slab double-splicing type laminated shear wall comprises a laminated wall supporting a floor slab, and an upper-layer laminated wall above the floor slab and a lower-layer laminated wall below the floor slab are arranged to be in up-and-down correspondence in position. The laminated wall comprises two prefabricated slabs which are vertically arranged in parallel, the two prefabricated plates are connected together through a middle rear pouring concrete layer, and the two prefabricated plates are provided with steel bar trusses which are combined together through the rear pouring concrete layer. The steel bar truss on the lower-layer laminated wall is provided with an upper-chord steel bar A upwards penetrating the floor slab and combined with the rear pouring concrete of the upper-layer laminated wall. By means of the prefabricated laminated slab double-splicing type laminated shear wall, the manufacturing process is simple, the manufacturing technology is simplified, the input of equipment cost is reduced, the production difficulty is lowered, good construction operability is achieved, and high engineering application value is achieved.

The invention provides a cast asphalt composition and a preparation method thereof. The cast asphalt composition has the advantages of excellent high-temperature stability, good anti-rutting capacity, good anti-fatigue performance and strong construction operability, and can completely adapt to the high temperature malaxation process of cast asphalt concretes at a temperature of 230 to 250 DEG C,particularly being applicable to the pavement of waterproof layers, such as the drainage pavement of steel bridge decks, the maintenance and semi-rigid pavement of aging cement road surfaces, and thelike. The cast asphalt composition comprises the following raw materials in portions by weight: 100 portions of base asphalt, 2 to 15 portions of high polymer, 4 to 15 portions of reinforcing agent, and 0.05 to 0.5 portions of stabilizing agent.

The invention provides an organosilicon epoxy acrylic acid modified waterborne alkyd resin and a coating thereof; the formula of the coating comprises the components in parts by mass: 40-50 parts of an organosilicon epoxy acrylic acid modified waterborne alkyd resin emulsion comprising the components of 45-65 parts of tung oil, castor oil or linseed oil, 25-45 parts of phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride or trimellitic anhydride, 3-10 parts of xylene, 5-10 parts of epoxy ester and 5-10 parts of organosilicon ester; 3-4 parts of a pigment; 6-26 parts of a packing; 10-20 parts of deionized water; 0.05-0.5 part of a dispersant; 0.1-0.3 part of a defoaming agent; and 0.9-2.5 parts of a drier. The preparation method of the emulsion comprises the steps: heating oil, glycerol, pentaerythritol and trimethylolpropane with nitrogen protection, adding an alcoholysis catalyst, heating up, keeping a reaction until the ethanol tolerance degree reaches 2.0-5.0 ml / 100 ml, and cooling; adding anhydride and xylene; adding organosilicon ester and epoxy ester, and modifying; and adding acrylate, and modifying; and cooling, and dispersing the mixture for two times. The coating has the advantages that easily-volatile organic compounds are reduced with water as a diluent.

The invention relates to a building method of a floor type scaffold. The method includes: building a foundation and a base, building vertical rods, building longitudinal horizontal rods, building transverse horizontal rods, building diagonal bridging, building scaffold boards, building wall connectors and processing special parts. By the method, the scaffold construction technical problems, causedby the construction of special-shaped, polygonal and large-inclination-angle building scaffolds, of corners, cornices and other protruding parts are solved.

The invention discloses a construction method for undercrossing of an urban shallow tunnel through a soft-flow plastic red clay layer. The construction method comprises the following steps that 1, a simple grout-preventing wall is built, concrete is sprayed through a reinforcing mesh, and meanwhile annular implemented anchor bars are preliminarily erected on a tunnel face and connected with the reinforcing mesh into a whole; and 2, retrograde grouting is conducted, specifically, a down-the-hole drill drills in the tunnel face to drill forwards till the preset depth is reached, grouting work isconducted through a hollow drill rod, meanwhile the drill rod rotates and retreats, and the grouting pressure is controlled to be 0.5-1 Mpa. According to the construction method, low-pressure grouting processing operation of the soft-flow plastic red clay layer can be effectively achieved, the construction safety and urban pipe network road safety are guaranteed, and the construction schedule isaccelerated.

The invention discloses a polycarboxylic-acid plasticity stabilizer for wet-mixed mortar. The polycarboxylic-acid plasticity stabilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10% to 15% of plasticity stabilizer main body, 0.4% to 0.8% of industrial white sugar, 0.15% to 0.5% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.2% to 0.8% of polyvinyl alcohol, 1.5% to 2.5% of air entraining agent, 0.02% to 0.05% of foam stabilizer and the balance of water, wherein the plasticity stabilizer main body is a mixture of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and a polycarboxylic acid slump retaining agent. In the plasticity stabilizer main body, the mass ratio of the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent to the polycarboxylic acid slump retaining agent is (1 to 3): (7 to 9). The polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent has the solid content of 40%. The polycarboxylic-acid plasticity stabilizer is high in water retention property, low in use level, high in flexibility and low in cost and is beneficial to the water retention of the mortar and worker plastering. Through adding the plasticity stabilizer disclosed by the invention, the opening time of the mortar is not shorter than 12h, the volume weight is 1,680kg / m<3> to 1,780kg / m<3>, and the construction operability of the mortar is good.

The invention provides a permeable rubber asphalt waterproof coating and a preparation method thereof. The waterproof coating is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 10-30 parts of chloroprene rubber, 50-70 parts of anionic emulsified asphalt, 20-30 parts of styrene-acrylic emulsion, 10-20 parts of a modification additive, 3-10 parts of a thickening agent, 5-20 parts of terpene tackifying resin and 1-5 parts of cement-based permeable crystallization masterbatches. The preparation method comprises the steps of adding the chloroprene rubber into anionic emulsified asphalt emulsion at normal temperature, conducting full stirring for 20-40 minutes, and then adding the modification additive while stirring for 15-30 minutes; then adding the styrene-acrylic emulsion, conductingfull stirring for 20-30 minutes, and then adding the thickening agent while stirring for 20-30 minutes; adding the cement-based permeable crystallization masterbatches while stirring for 15-25 minutes; and finally adding the terpene tackifying resin and the thickening agent and conducting full stirring for 20-30 minutes. The coating has excellent waterproof property, high elongation rate, high bonding strength, good film forming property, strong self-repairing capability and puncture resistance.

The invention relates to a structure and method for multipoint suspending laying construction of a tunnel waterproof board. By the adoption of the characteristic that hook-face bands and loop-face bands of hook-and-loop fasteners can adhere to each other and be separated from each other freely, the hook-face bands are fixed to a basic face in parallel according to a preset interval, the loop-face bands are fixed to the back face of the waterproof board in parallel according to a preset interval, after the waterproof board is laid on the basic face, the hook-face bands and the loop-face bands are arranged in a mutually intersecting mode, overlapping points are automatically formed between the hook-face bands and the loop-face bands and are adhesive points, suspending points between the waterproof board and the basic face are formed by the multiple adhesive points, and therefore the waterproof board is effectively suspended through the multiple points. The suspending points do not need to be set manually, point localization in the construction process is not necessary either, the quality of the portion, on the suspending points, of the waterproof board is guaranteed, the looseness margin of waterproof board laying operation can be well controlled, the construction operability and the construction convenience are good, and negative influence on the quality of suspending and laying construction of the waterproof board due to non-smoothness and irregularity of the laying basic face of the waterproof board is avoided.

The invention discloses a method for comprehensively improving beach sandy soil by using biochar soil and construction waste soil. The method includes: cleaning topsoil, and stacking the topsoil divisionally; dumping the construction waste soil on a cleaned soil layer, and removing impurities and paving with a bulldozer and a backacting shovel to form a mixed construction waste soil layer; mixing original clean-out topsoil with the biochar soil according to a proportion, stacking, and paving the mixture on the mixed construction waste soil layer to form a middle mixed layer; mixing the construction waste soil with the original clean-out topsoil, mixing the mixture with the biochar soil according to a proportion, composting, and paving on the middle mixed layer to form a mixed layer. The method for comprehensively improving the beach sandy soil by using the biochar soil and the construction waste soil has the advantages that a good ecological environment can be maintained, the infertile beach sandy soil can be turned into an oasis, the beach environment can be optimized, waste like the construction waste soil and municipal sludge can be utilized reasonably, a stable soil structure can be formed, and faults are less prone to generating in slope areas.

The invention discloses a suspended formwork supporting device for casting a lining on the surface of an underground continuous wall and a construction method. The device is arranged below the cast lining. The suspended formwork supporting device comprises a side formwork arranged vertically on the outer side of the cast lining and a bottom formwork parallel to the bottom face of the cast lining and making contact with the underground continuous wall. A horn opening for pouring concrete is formed in the upper portion of the side formwork. A powder spraying pile for supporting the bottom formwork is arranged below the side, close to the underground continuous wall, of the bottom formwork. Suspending steel bars for suspending the bottom formwork are arranged on the side, away from the underground continuous wall, of the bottom formwork. The suspended formwork supporting device has the technical beneficial effects of being good in construction operability, high in construction effect, safe, reliable, good in quality controllability and the like.

The invention discloses ceramic sol modified polyether-ether-ketone paint and a preparation method thereof. The invention aims at providing safe, environment-friendly, oleophobic and hydrophobic water-based paint and manufacturing and spray coating methods thereof. The ceramic sol modified polyether-ether-ketone paint is prepared from prime coat paint, floating coat paint and surface coat paint, wherein the prime coat paint is prepared from all the following ingredients in mass fraction: 5 to 30 parts of ceramic sol, 5 to 15 parts of alkoxy silane, 5 to 30 parts of polyether-ether-ketone matter, 2 to 20 parts of fluroresin, 5 to 20 parts of powder filler, 1 to 15 parts of pigment filler and 10 to 40 parts of solvent; the floating coat paint is prepared from all the following ingredients inmass fraction: 5 to 30 parts of ceramic sol, 5 to 15 parts of alkoxy silane, 10 to 40 parts of fluroresin, 2 to 15 parts of powder filler, 1 to 15 parts of pigment filler and 20 to 50 parts of solvent; the surface coat paint is prepared from all the following ingredients in mass fraction: 40 to 60 parts of fluroresin, 30 to 50 parts of solvent, 0.2 to 2 parts of pearl powder and 1 to 5 parts of aid. The ceramic sol modified polyether-ether-ketone paint disclosed by the invention is mainly applied to paint production.

The invention relates to a waste crude oil pipe harmless treatment method. The treatment method comprises the steps that 1, oil removing ball sets are implanted into a waste crude oil pipe, the oil removing ball sets comprise two or more pipe cleaning machines for oil removal which are distributed in the length direction of the pipe at intervals, the portion between the adjacent pipe cleaning machines for oil removal is filled with water, then air is injected into the waste crude oil pipe to push the oil removing ball sets to move forward along the pipe, and crude oil preserved in the pipe is removed; 2, wax removing ball sets are implanted into the waste crude oil pipe, the wax removing ball sets comprise two or more pipe cleaning machines for wax removal which are distributed in the length direction of the pipe at intervals, the portion between the adjacent pipe cleaning machines for wax removal is filled with cleaning agent, then air is injected into the waste crude oil pipe to push the wax removing ball sets to move forward along the pipe, and attached wax and residue crude oil in the pipe are removed; 3, solidifiable slurry is injected into the waste crude oil pipe, and the waste pipe is filled through solidification. The waste crude oil pipe harmless treatment method is low in energy consumption and high in maneuverability and safety, and meets the safe harmless treatment requirements of the waste pipe.

The invention discloses a tunnel construction method for a side span non-filling type long and narrow shallow-bottom karst cave section, and relates to the field of underground engineering. The invention aims to provide a construction method for the side span karst cave section of a tunnel under the specific geological condition of a non-filling type long and narrow shallow-bottom karst cave. According to the technical scheme, the tunnel construction method for the side span non-filling type long and narrow shallow-bottom karst cave section comprises the steps that a karst cave cavity in the lower portion of a tunnel excavation face is backfilled with cave slag, a karst cave opening is reinforced after danger is eliminated, a tunnel arch outside the karst cave cavity is subjected to advance support, tunnel excavation is conducted in a segmented circulating excavation mode, steel frames are erected along the tunnel arch and the whole section of a side wall, the tunnel arch and the sidewall are supported through anchor rods of a construction system, surrounding rock around the karst cave wall at the bottom of the tunnel is reinforced, a reinforced concrete slab at the bottom of thetunnel is constructed, a karst cave drainage pipe is constructed, the tunnel side karst cave is backfilled with concrete, and finally a tunnel secondary reinforced concrete lining and a road surface are constructed. The tunnel construction method is suitable for the design and construction of the side span non-filling type long and narrow shallow-bottom karst cave section.

The invention relates to an ecological geotube submerged breakwater which comprises ecological geotubes, filled woven bags and protection blankets. The protection blankets are laid on a riverbed parallel with a dike dam of a river bank, the ecological geotubes and the filled woven bags are filled with sand and soil, each protection blanket is provided with three ecological geotubes shaped like a Chinese character 'pin', the ecological geotubes axially adjacent in an end-to-end mode are stacked in an end-to-end staggered connection mode, and the filled woven bags are stacked in seams among the three ecological geotubes of each protection blanket. The ecological geotube submerged breakwater can resist repeated impact of water currents, wind and waves for a long time, the ecological ecotubes are filled with sand and soil and are stacked, the submerged breakwater which is high in strength, quality and density and not prone to collapsing can be formed, relatively stable ecological environment of plants in a water body of the river bank can be maintained, influences of the wind and waves on the plants in the water body of the river bank are reduced, and underwater conditions are stabilized. Meanwhile, due to the stacking method, needed materials are simple, the stacking efficiency is high, and the stacked submerged breakwater can resist erosion of wind, waves and water currents and is not prone to deforming and collapsing and high in operability.

The invention belongs to the technical filed of construction of hollow slab bridges and particularly discloses an integrated assembly type hollow slab bridge and a construction method thereof. The integrated assembly type hollow slab bridge comprises two hollow slab edge plates which are oppositely arranged; hollow slab middle plates are laid between the two hollow slab edge plates continuously; tongue-and-groove seam concrete is arranged between the adjacent hollow slabs; a plurality of shear resistant blocks are arranged on the bilateral sides of the tongue-and-groove seam concrete along the slab height; the shear resistant blocks which are longitudinally continuous are groove-shaped or protruding-edge-shaped; the groove-shaped shear resistant blocks and the protruding-edge-shaped shear resistant blocks are alternately arranged when the number of the shear resistant blocks is more than two. The construction method comprises determining the number and the shape of the tongue-and-groove seam shear resistant blocks according to the design requirements; forming the grooves or the protruding edges which are longitudinally continuous on the inner sides of formworks which are arranged at the positions of tongue-and-groove seams along the slab height correspondingly; precasting the hollow slabs, hoisting the hollow slabs and performing cast-in-site construction on the tongue-and-groove seam concrete. According to the integrated assembly type hollow slab bridge and the construction method thereof, the practicability is strong, the construction is convenient, the shear resistance between the hollow slabs can be improved, and the integral mechanical performance of the hollow slab bridge can be improved.

The invention discloses a fiber-bamboo composite pipe and concrete combination structure. The fiber-bamboo composite pipe and concrete combination structure is characterized by comprising core concrete (1) and a fiber-bamboo composite pipe (2), wherein, the fiber-bamboo composite pipe (2) is sequentially composed of an isolation layer (21), a bamboo reinforcement layer (22) and a fiber reinforcement layer (23) from inside to outside; the bamboo reinforcement layer (22) is constituted of a longitudinal bamboo fiber layer (221) or a transverse bamboo fiber layer (222) or a combination of the longitudinal bamboo fiber layer (221) and the transverse bamboo fiber layer (222); the longitudinal bamboo fiber layer (221) and the transverse bamboo fiber layer (222) are made by winding composite bamboos or raw bamboos layer by layer; the fiber reinforcement layer (23) is wound on the outer surface of the bamboo reinforcement layer (22); and the fiber-bamboo composite pipe (2) is filled with the core concrete (1) which is self-compacting micro-expansion concrete with the expansion rate being 0.01%-0.04%. The fiber-bamboo composite pipe and concrete combination structure has the advantages of high bearing capacity, good ductility, good durability and the like, the advantages and characteristics of multiple materials such as the concrete, bamboos and fibers are fully utilized, and the adopted bamboo composite material conforms to the advantages of low carbon, environmental friendliness, energy saving and sustainable development.

The invention discloses a foundation pit and side slope envelope enclosure for a prestress fabricated special-shaped pile wall. The foundation pit and side slope envelope enclosure is formed by assembling standard components prefabricated through prestress high-strength reinforcing steel bars and high-strength concrete in a factorization manner on a construction site. The foundation pit and side slope envelope enclosure has reasonable stress performance, and meets requirements of soil blocking, water stopping and appearance decoration of a rock and soil foundation pit side slope and meets the requirement for using the foundation pit and side slope envelope enclosure as a permanent basement external wall structure. The appearance of the standard prefabricated components (called the standard components for short) is manufactured into T-shaped, rectangular and U-shaped sections according to stress and assembly requirements. Connectors between the standard components include the horizontal connectors and the vertical connectors. The foundation pit and side slope envelope enclosure is high in on-site assembly construction operability, high in component assembly degree, high in construction work efficiency, capable of saving engineering materials, low in project construction cost and good in project implementation effect.

The invention discloses a three-step inverted arch synchronous excavation and support construction method. During tunnel construction, an upper step (1), a middle step (2), and a lower step (3) synchronously tunneling and synchronously supporting, and the lower step (3) excavation comprises an inverted arch (4); the construction comprises the following steps that excavating is carried out, specifically, three-step synchronous drilling, synchronous charging and line connecting are carried out, and detonating is sequentially carried out according to the upper, middle and lower sequences; supporting is carried out, specifically, deslagging and supporting are carried out according to the upper, middle and lower sequences; spraying is carried out, specifically, concrete spraying is sequentiallycarried out from bottom to top; in the excavating and supporting steps, a long-arm excavator is adopted to directly lift and transfer a tool and a material on a backfill hole slag (7) to the upper step (1); and in the spraying step, a long-arm wet-spraying manipulator is adopted to directly spray concrete on the upper step (1) on the backfill hole slag (7). According to the three-step inverted arch synchronous excavation and support construction method, the operation advantages of the long-arm construction machines are fully utilized, the procedure of building a transport channel is simplified between steps, the construction progress is obviously accelerated, and the three-step inverted arch synchronous excavation and support construction method is suitable for the construction of a softsurrounding rock tunnel three-step method.

The invention discloses an embedding component for increasing the post-construction longitudinal overall rigidity of a rectangular top pipe and an application method of the embedding component. The embedding component comprises mud-jacking pipes, wherein each mud-jacking pipe is connected with a prestress duct through a connecting pipe, each prestress duct is a pipeline embedded in the wall of the rectangular top pipe along the length direction, one end of each prestress duct is a small positioning tenon, the other end of each prestress duct is a large positioning tenon, each small positioning tenon extends out the pipe joint end of the rectangular top pipe for more than 40mm, the tail end of each large positioning tenon is parallel with the pipe joint end of the rectangular top pipe, the inner diameter of the large positioning tenon is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the small positioning tenon, a detachable grouting pipe sleeve is mounted in a pipeline, communicated with an outer wall, of each mud-jacking pipe, and each grouting pipe sleeve can seal the outer wall opening of the corresponding mud-jacking pipe, and a passage between the inner wall opening of each mud-jacking pipe and the corresponding pipe is reserved. By the embedding component which is simple in structure and high in construction operability, the post-construction pipe joint overall longitudinal rigidity can be increased evidently.

The invention discloses a grass fiber spraying seeding substrate for sandy oil. The grass fiber spraying seeding substrate includes, by volume, 20-40 parts of garden soil, 20-40 parts of sandy soil, 0.5-2 parts of slow-release fertilizers, 0.5-5 parts of fast-release fertilizers, 5-10 parts of chicken manure, 5-10 parts of grass fibers, 1-3 parts of binders, and 2-6 parts of water-retaining agents. The invention also discloses a use method of the spraying seeding substrate. The garden soil, the sandy soil, the chicken manure, and the grass fibers are main raw materials, and are combined according to a specific use proportion; the grass fibers are added in the spraying seeding substrate and are excellent in water-retaining performance, waste is turned into useful materials to be recycled, the engineering cost is greatly reduced, and the benefits are increased; the slow-release fertilizers, the fast-release fertilizers and the chicken manure can enrich nutriments of the substrate; and the grass fiber spraying seeding substrate is simple in preparation method is high in operability of construction, and is suitable for all the spraying seeding technologies.

The invention relates to a landfill sludge treatment method. The method comprises the following steps: sampling and analyzing sludge, determining the pH value, the type of smelly pollutants, the landfill depth and the horizontal distribution of the sludge, preparing an oxidation preparation, injecting the oxidation preparation into underground sludge by virtue of in-situ mixing and stirring equipment, and simultaneously stirring the oxidation preparation and the sludge underground by virtue of an impeller stirring head of the in-situ mixing and stirring equipment; after uniform stirring, carrying out standing reaction for 3.5-5.5 hours, and putting a curing agent into sludge by using an engineering machine, and stirring continuously by using the in-situ mixing and stirring equipment; afteruniform stirring, standing for 24-48 hours, carrying out open type excavation and transfer on the solidified sludge. By sequentially carrying out in-situ treatment and excavation, the construction operability is strong, the investment cost of the equipment is low, the treatment period is short, the treatment is thorough, the secondary pollution is avoided, the problem of stink pollution in the excavation process of the sludge is solved, and meanwhile, the treatment of the sludge is realized; and the method has relatively good economic and social benefits.

The invention discloses a pier top block of a precast beam constructed by a stub matching method. The pier top block comprises a top plate, two base beams and three web plates, wherein preformed holes for secondary casting are formed in the top plate; the bottom beams are symmetrically arranged on two sides of an axle wire of the pier top block in the direction of a horizontal bridge; the three web plates are used for connecting the top plate and the two bottom beams; the outer side boundaries, in the direction of the horizontal bridge, of the bottom beams, and the outer side boundaries, in the direction of a vertical bridge, of the web plates, are in the same plane; separation plates are arranged among the bottom beams, the web plates and the top plate in the direction of the horizontal bridge; the side boundaries of the preformed holes in the direction of the horizontal bridge are aligned with the inner side boundaries of the separation plates in the direction of the vertical bridge, and the side boundaries of the preformed holes in the direction of the vertical bridge are aligned with the inner side boundaries of the web plates in the direction of the vertical bridge. The pier top block disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of being convenient to precast, good in construction operability, safe, reliable and good in application prospect.