The invention discloses a main winch rapid-descent and confluent return oil regeneration system of a rotary drilling rig, which includes a main winch motor, a brake, a main valve and a pilot handle, wherein the pilot handle is communicated with the main valve through an oil path, and a special balance valve block for return oil regeneration is connected between the main winch motor and the main valve through pipelines and is controlled and adjusted by a control device. The invention improves the efficiency, accelerates the descent of the main winch, shortens the pore-forming subsidiary operation time, and improves the pore-forming efficiency. The main winch utilizes the own gravity to do work in the descent process, so that an engine is not required to run with full power but run at an idle speed, thereby saving the fuel oil and reducing the CO2 emission from a main unit; braking and speed adjusting control signals come from the pilot handle, so that the system controllability is better in comparison with the original form that motor +BVD balance valve control signals come from the inside of a BVD balance valve, the problem that the winch slides downwards in a stalled state is basically solved, and the damage to a drilling stem and a drilling rig caused by the fall-off of the drilling stem can be effectively prevented.