2307 results about "Transmission loss" patented technology

A system for electric grid utilization and optimization comprising a communications interface executing on a network-connected server and adapted to receive information from a plurality of iNodes, the plurality of iNodes comprising a source iNode, a sink iNode, a plurality of transmission or distribution iNodes, an event database coupled to the communications interface and adapted to receive events from a plurality of iNodes via the communications interface, a modeling server coupled to the communications interface, and a statistics server coupled to the event database and the modeling server, wherein the modeling server, receives a request to establish an allocation of at least one of transmission losses, distribution losses, and ancillary services to a specific sink iNode, computes at least one virtual path for electricity flow between a source iNode and the specific sink iNode, the computed path being determined based on optimization of perceived comfort of users in affected areas.

The present invention provides an optical fiber in which the transmission loss increase is suppressed even under a high-humidity condition or under a water-immersed condition. A colored optical fiber (22) according to an embodiment of the present invention is a colored optical fiber (22) formed by applying a colored layer to an optical fiber (14) including a glass optical fiber coated with at least a double-layered coating layer of a soft layer and a hard layer, and the ratio of thermal expansion coefficient between the coating layer after the colored layer of the colored optical fiber (22) is applied and the coating layer of the optical fiber (14) before the colored layer is applied is 0.87 or more. Furthermore, an optical fiber ribbon (32) according to another embodiment of the present invention is an optical fiber (32) formed by arranging a plurality of the colored optical fiber (22) in the form of a plane and coating them all together with a ribbon resin and the ratio of thermal expansion coefficient between the coating layer after the colored layer of the colored optical fiber (22) is applied and the coating layer of the optical fiber before the colored layer is applied is 0.90 or more.

The illumination profile of a radiation beam is initially measured using a CCD detector. A reference mirror is then placed in the focal plane of the high aperture lens and the reflected radiation measured. By comparing the illumination profile and the detected radiation it is possible to determine the transmission losses for S and P polarisation which can then be used in scatterometry modeling.

A tunable duplexer circuit is described, wherein the frequency response as well as bandwidth and transmission loss characteristics can be dynamically altered, providing improved performance for transceiver front-end applications. The rate of roll-off of the frequency response can be adjusted to improve performance when used in duplexer applications. A method is described where the duplexer circuit characteristics are optimized in conjunction with a specific antenna frequency response to provide additional out-of-band rejection in a communication system. Dynamic optimization of both the duplexer circuit and an active antenna system is described to provide improved out-of-band rejection when implemented in RF front-end circuits of communication systems. Other features and embodiments are described in the following detailed descriptions.

A microwave tunable filter having some advantages as follows: a) the integration of MEMS tunable filter and MMIC; b) the very low signal transmission loss and low dispersion; and c) the drastic variation and linear characteristic of frequency by means of MEMS capacitor and an external control signal. The microwave tunable MEMS filter includes a plurality of unit resonant cells, each unit resonant cell being formed by various serial and parallel combination of an inductor, a capacitor, a transmission line, and a variable MEMS capacitor, whereby capacitance variation of the variable MEMS capacitor in the unit resonant cell converts a resonant frequency of the unit resonant cell to thereby convert a center frequency of the filter.

The present invention aims to provide a substrate for mounting an IC chip, on which an optical signal passing region is formed and which can suppress a transmission loss in an optical signal and transmit an optical signal more positively with high reliability. The substrate for mounting an IC chip according to the present invention is a substrate for mounting an IC chip, in which a conductor circuit and an insulating layer are laminated in alternate fashion and in repetition on both faces of a substrate and an optical element is mounted on the substrate. Herein, the substrate for mounting an IC chip includes an optical signal passing region, and a microlens arranged on an end portion of the optical signal passing region on the opposite side from the optical element.

A microstrip antenna has feed element 102 and parasitic elements 104, 106 on the front surface of substrate 1. Microwave electrical power is applied to feed element 102. Parasitic elements 104, 106 are connected via through hole type leads passing through substrate 1, to switches upon the rear surface of substrate 1, respectively. By actuating the switches individually, parasitic elements 104, 106 are individually switched between a grounded state and a float state. The direction of the radio beam emitted from the microstrip antenna is varied by selecting which of parasitic elements 104, 106 is grounded and floated. A microwave signal source connects to feed element 102 via an feed line 108 very much shorter than the wavelength, accordingly the transmission losses being low and the efficiency being excellent.

The present invention relates to a wavelength-division multiplexed passive optical network. In particular, it relates to a technology for minimizing the optical loss at a wavelength-division multiplexed passive optical network based on wavelength-locked light source Thereby it improves the transmission quality and increases the transmission distance. A 4-port optical path setting device of the present invention increases the amount of light injected into an optical transmitter and thereby improves the wavelength-locking characteristic of a light source. In addition, it can decrease the optical transmission loss in an optical transmission path, and by an optical amplifier being inserted therein; it can also compensate the optical loss in an optical transmission path. In the present invention, a 4-port optical path setting device having the characteristics described above and a method for fault recovery without an additional optical loss are presented.

Included among the many structures described herein are photonic bandgap fibers designed to provide a desired dispersion spectrum. Additionally, designs for achieving wide transmission bands and lower transmission loss are also discussed. For example, in some fiber designs, smaller dimensions of high index material in the cladding and large core size provide small flat dispersion over a wide spectral range. In other examples, the thickness of the high index ring-shaped region closest to the core has sufficiently large dimensions to provide negative dispersion or zero dispersion at a desired wavelength. Additionally, low index cladding features distributed along concentric rings or circles may be used for achieving wide bandgaps.

Disclosed herein is a system and method for reconstruction video information lost as a result of transmission errors. The system and method have four aspects, including: (1) changing the bit and/or packet rate; (2) inserting redundant information into the video bitstream; (3) providing automatic refresh of certain regions of the video on a periodic basis; and (4) interleaving coded macroblocks into diversity groups for transmission to spatially spread the effect of lost packets. The image reconstruction may then take advantage of these three aspects to provide an enhanced result in the presence of transmission losses.

A transmission power control device is provided that includes: a transmission loss calculator that calculates a transmission loss in the electric wave transmission path between a mobile station and each base station; and a transmission power control information determiner that determines which transmission power control information is to be used in a transmission power control operation at the mobile station, based on transmission power control information transmitted from each base station to the mobile station and the transmission loss in the transmission path between the mobile station and each base station calculated by the transmission loss calculator. This transmission power control device may further include an autonomous controller that increases transmission power from a current value in accordance with predetermined characteristics, regardless of transmission power control information from another communication device, when reception signal quality has become lower than a predetermined quality level. With this structure, after synchronization with a signal from the base station is established at the mobile station, the transmission power is controlled to increase from the initial value in accordance with the predetermined characteristics, regardless of the transmission power control information transmitted from the base station.

A transmitter-receiver having, a means for automatically determining the status of transmission medium such as optical fiber, and a means for automatically setting and resetting the transmission rate and/or output power according to the status of the transmission medium, a transmission loss and gain measurement method, and a transmitting-receiving system. A transmitter-receiver comprises at least: an output power controller for controlling the output power of a transmitter; an input power measuring section for measuring the strength of input signals; and an information processor for deriving the loss or gain of a path to change the output power of the transmitter and/or the rate of data transmission according to the derived loss or gain of the path. A transmission loss and gain measurement method applied to a system comprising transmission media and a plurality of the transmitter-receivers connected via the transmission media, comprises the steps of: transmitting information on the output power of a first transmitter-receiver from the first transmitter-receiver to a second transmitter-receiver; measuring reception strength by the second transmitter-receiver when the second transmitter-receiver receives the output power information; reading the output power information by the second transmitter-receiver; and comparing the reception strength with the output power information to calculate a transmission loss or gain by the second transmitter-receiver.

A high efficiency photovoltaic DC-DC converter achieves solar power conversion from high voltage, highly varying photovoltaic power sources to harvest maximum power from a solar source or strings of panels for DC or AC use, perhaps for transfer to a power grid at high power levels with coordinated control possible for various elements. Photovoltaic DC-DC converters can achieve efficiencies in conversion that are extraordinarily high compared to traditional through substantially power isomorphic photovoltaic DC-DC power conversion capability that can achieve 97%, 98%, 99.2% efficiency, or even only wire transmission losses. Switchmode impedance or voltage conversion circuit embodiments may have pairs of photovoltaic power interrupt switch elements and pairs of photovoltaic power shunt switch elements to first increase voltage and then decrease voltage as part of the desired photovoltaic DC-DC power conversion.

The present invention provides a sound-transmitting membrane for a microphone, to be disposed to a sound-collecting opening of the microphone so as to allow sound to transmit through the membrane while preventing a foreign matter from entering into the microphone through the opening. This membrane for a microphone prevents the entry of a foreign matter, such as fine dust and water vapor, that is difficult for conventional sound-transmitting membranes to block, and ensures the microphone performance. This membrane for a microphone is composed of a nonporous film or a multilayer membrane including a nonporous film, has a surface density of 30 g/m² or less, and has a sound transmission loss of less than 3 dB in a frequency range of 300 to 4000 Hz.

An optical fiber preform 2 having a viscosity ratio Reta=eta0/etat of 2.5 or less between the core average viscosity eta0 and the total average viscosity etat is prepared, and is drawn by a drawing furnace 11 so as to yield an optical fiber 3, which is then heated to a temperature within a predetermined range so as to be annealed by a heating furnace 21 disposed downstream the drawing furnace 11. Here, upon annealing in the heating furnace 21, the fictive temperature Tf within the optical fiber lowers, thereby reducing the Rayleigh scattering loss. At the same time, the viscosity ratio condition of Reta<=2.5 restrains the stress from being concentrated into the core, thereby lowering the occurrence of structural asymmetry loss and the like. Hence, anoptical fiber which can reduce the transmission loss caused by the Rayleigh scattering loss and the like as a whole, and a method of making the same can be obtained.

An optical fiber includes a first core having a relative refractive index difference of larger than 0.36%, and a cladding. The optical fiber has fiber cut-off wavelength λc of more than 1350 nm, cable cut-off wavelength λcc of less than 1285 nm, bending loss at a wavelength of 1625 nm of not more than 10 dB/km when wound at a diameter of 20 mm, transmission loss at a wavelength range of 1285 to 1625 nm of not more than 0.40 dB/km, transmission loss at a wavelength of 1383 nm less than transmission loss at a wavelength of 1310 nm, and difference in transmission loss at a wavelength of 1383 nm of not more than 0.04 dB/km before and after exposure to hydrogen. The lower bending loss of the optical fiber provides an optical fiber cable for use in a WDM transmission in wavelength range of 1285 to 1625 nm.