The invention discloses a multipurpose heat transport system for a small villiaumite cooling high-temperature reactor. The multipurpose heat transport system comprises a reactor container, a hot pool, a cold pool, a reactor core, a reactor core flow distribution plate, a cold / hot pool shroud, a cold / hot pool partition plate, a villiaumite-carbon dioxide heat exchanger, a main heat-waste heat integrated heat exchanger and an axial flow pump. The system has two circulation modes of forced circulation and natural circulation, and has three operation modes of compact operation, comprehensive operation and full-power operation; an external power circulation system is directly connected in a compact operation mode; an external heat transport system is connected in the comprehensive operation mode; and in the full-power operation mode, an external power circulation system and an external heat transportation system are connected at the same time. A reactor core loop, a main heat transport loop and a waste heat discharge system are combined at the same time, simultaneous operation and flexible switching of in-reactor circulation, main heat transport and waste heat transport are achieved, compact and efficient utilization of energy is achieved in a limited space, and the process of autonomously mastering the small villiaumite cooling high-temperature reactor design technology in China is promoted.