The invention provides a high-strength micro-expansive grouting material and its preparation method. Raw materials of the high-strength micro-expansive grouting material comprise Portland cement having a compressive strength of above 42.5MPa, sulphoaluminate cement or aluminous cement having a compressive strength of above 42.5MPa, a calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agent, quartz sand or corundum or iron tailings, an organic silicon antifoaming agent, a polycarboxylate superplasticizer, calcium formate or lithium carbonate, sodium gluconate, and methyl cellulose ether or hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether or hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether. Compared with present cement-based grouting materials treating the sulphoaluminate cement and the aluminous cement as main cementing materials, the high-strength micro-expansive grouting material, which is obtained through treating the Portland cement as a main cementing material component, carrying out ultrafine crushing of the cementing material component via an ultrafine crushing technology, and processing, has the characteristics of high early-stage strength, excellent fluidity, increased long-term strength, and good durability; and compared with traditional epoxy mortars, the high-strength micro-expansive grouting material has the characteristics of micro-expansion, simple and fast construction, non-toxicity, and harmlessness.