The invention discloses an inorganic cured foam material for surface leaking stoppage of a shallow buried coal seam mining area and a preparation method of the inorganic cured foam material, which belong to the inorganic cured foam material and the preparation method thereof. The leaking-stoppage cured foam comprises water, coal ash, slaked lime, cement, ox horn powder, aluminum powder, copper oxide, polyphosphoric acid, aluminum hydroxide, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and steel fiber. The preparation method of the inorganic cured foam material comprises the following steps of: firstly, adding the coal ash, the cement, the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, the steel fiber and the slaked lime in water to form a coal ash substrate serous fluid; secondly, adding the ox horn powder into a little water for stirring to form prefabricated mucus, and sufficiently stirring the coal ash substrate serious fluid and the prefabricated mucus to form a mixed solution; thirdly, adding an inorganic adhesive system into the mixed solution and sufficiently stirring to form a mixed adhesive solution; and finally, adding the aluminum powder for sufficiently stirring uniformly, foaming the serious fluid by utilizing an organic self-foaming system, and preparing the inorganic cured foam material for surface leaking stoppage of the shallow buried coal seam mining area. According to the invention, the seam infiltration capacity is strong, the compressive strength is large, the high temperature resistance and the heat insulation performance are good, and the substrate is purely inorganic and pollution-free.