The invention discloses a rice-wheat combined harvester which comprises a machine body, a cutter arranged at the front end of the machine body, a straw crusher arranged at the rear part of the machine body, an ear bearing plate, an inclined conveyor, an ear drying mechanism, a threshing mechanism, a grain cleaning mechanism and a grain box for collecting grains, wherein the ear bearing plate is arranged below the cutter, the inclined conveyor is arranged beside the ear bearing plate, the ear drying mechanism is arranged beside the top of the inclined conveyer, the threshing mechanism is arranged below the rear part of the ear drying mechanism, the grain cleaning mechanism is positioned below the threshing mechanism, and an auger sprocket is arranged between the grain box and the grain cleaning mechanism. In the rice-wheat combined harvester, the cutter is only used for harvesting ear parts, and straws crushed by the straw crusher are scattered in the field. Compared with the prior art, the invention omits a separation mechanism and a straw stacker, reduces the size, lightens the self weight, can be used for harvesting in overcast and rainy weathers, and can meet requirements on important farming seasons and links.